PaperBLAST
PaperBLAST Hits for sp|P43898|HEM6_PSEAE Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase OS=Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) OX=208964 GN=hemF PE=3 SV=1 (305 a.a., MTDRIAAVKT...)
Show query sequence
>sp|P43898|HEM6_PSEAE Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase OS=Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) OX=208964 GN=hemF PE=3 SV=1
MTDRIAAVKTYLLDLQDRICAALEAEDGKARFAEDAWERPAGGGGRTRVIGDGALIEKGG
VNFSHVFGDSLPPSASAHRPELAGRGFQALGVSLVIHPENPHVPTSHANVRFFCAEKEGE
EPVWWFGGGFDLTPYYAHEEDCVHWHRVARDACAPFGADVYPRYKEWCDRYFHLKHRNEP
RGIGGLFFDDLNQWDFDTCFAFIRAIGDAYIDAYLPIVQRRKHTPFDERQREFQAYRRGR
YVEFNLVFDRGTLFGLQSGGRTESILMSLPPQVRWGYDWKPEPGSEEARLTEYFLADRDW
LAGQP
Running BLASTp...
Found 80 similar proteins in the literature:
P43898 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1)
PA0024 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
CIA_05056 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14
100% identity, 100% coverage
- Modified N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone compounds abrogate Las-dependent quorum-sensing response in human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ballante, Frontiers in molecular biosciences 2023 - “...protein CtpL ctpL Q9HUW6 71 2.1 0.038 X X Membrane Yes Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase hemF P43898 35 2.4 0.043 X X Cytoplasm Yes 30S ribosomal protein S1 rpsA Q9HZ71 62 2 0.011 X Cytosol UPF0339 protein PA0329 PA0329 Q9I6G2 12 1.7 0.015 X 50S ribosomal protein...”
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa two-component system CprRS regulates HigBA expression and bacterial cytotoxicity in response to LL-37 stress
Song, PLoS pathogens 2024 - “...Nucleoside 2-deoxyribosyltransferase -1.86685 0.033868 PA0079 CIA_04998 Type VI secretion system baseplate component TssK1 -1.10562 0.030308 PA0024 CIA_05056 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase HemF -1.14831 0.01499 PA0006 CIA_05074 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase GmhB -1.57691 0.00368 PA5565 CIA_05085 tRNA uridine 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification enzyme MnmG -1.08679 0.031859 PA5166 CIA_05139 C4-dicarboxylate transport transcriptional regulatory...”
- A High-Throughput Method for Identifying Novel Genes That Influence Metabolic Pathways Reveals New Iron and Heme Regulation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Glanville, mSystems 2021 - “...PA5260 HMB synthase 1 hemD PA5259 URO synthase 1 hemE PA5034 URO decarboxylase 1 hemF PA0024 Coproporphyrinogen decarboxylase 1 1 hemN / Z PA1546 O 2 -independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 2 1 hemG Protoporphyrinogen dehydrogenase NA 1 hemJ d PA0661 Protoporphyrinogen dehydrogenase 1 1 hemK PA4664...”
- Protein complex formation during denitrification by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Borrero-de, Microbial biotechnology 2017 - “...enzyme of haem biosynthesis HemX (PA5258), coproporphyrinogen III dehydrogenase HemN (PA1546), coproporphyrinogen III oxidase HemF (PA0024) and porphobilinogen synthase HemB (PA5243) (Dailey etal ., 2017 ). Furthermore, the haem d 1 biosynthesis proteins NirF (PA0516), NirJ (PA0511), NirL (PA0514) and NirE (PA0510) were found attached (Layer...”
- Prediction and analysis of the protein interactome in Pseudomonas aeruginosa to enable network-based drug target selection
Zhang, PloS one 2012 - “.... For example, one of the top ranked modules contains six protein members (PA4047 ribA, PA0024 hemF, PA4529 coaE, PA4056 ribD, PA4669 ipk, and PA5243 hemB), all of which are both essential and hubs in the high-confidence network and three of which (PA0024 hemF, PA4529 coaE,...”
- Toxicogenomic response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ortho-phenylphenol
Nde, BMC genomics 2008 - “...0.00817 2.232 0.00817 type 4 fimbrial biogenesis protein PilP pil P Motility & Attachment PA0410_pilI_at PA0024 2.188 0.0484 2.267 0.0484 twitching motility protein PilI pil I Motility & Attachment PA5042_pilO_at PA5042 2.26 0.000345 2.056 0.000345 type 4 fimbrial biogenesis protein PilO pil O Motility & Attachment...”
- Antibiotics as intermicrobial signaling agents instead of weapons
Linares, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 - “...PA0594 PA0519 PA0970 PA0972 PA1318 PA0516 PA1094 PA1094 PA0024 PA0003 PA4236 PA3999 PA1081 PA0782 PA1092 PA0004 PA4587 PA4235 PA4937 PA0969 PA1431 PA0763 PA4386...”
- Effect of anaerobiosis and nitrate on gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Filiatrault, Infection and immunity 2005 - “...anaerobically with nitratea Gene Fold changeb Growth phasec PA0024 PA0025 PA0049 PA0149 PA0179 PA0200 PA0430 PA0433 PA0447 PA0471 PA0472 PA0586 PA0587 PA0747...”
- Microarray analysis and functional characterization of the nitrosative stress response in nonmucoid and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Firoved, Journal of bacteriology 2004 - “...PA3877 PA3915 PA0525 PA0523 PA0524 PA1671 PA4225 PA1778 PA0024 PA4235 PA2532 PA3394 PA0291 PA3392 PA3746 PA4260 PA3549 PA1077 PA4687 PA3989 PA1796 PA3396 PA3391...”
- More
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa two-component system CprRS regulates HigBA expression and bacterial cytotoxicity in response to LL-37 stress
Song, PLoS pathogens 2024 - “...2-deoxyribosyltransferase -1.86685 0.033868 PA0079 CIA_04998 Type VI secretion system baseplate component TssK1 -1.10562 0.030308 PA0024 CIA_05056 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase HemF -1.14831 0.01499 PA0006 CIA_05074 D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase GmhB -1.57691 0.00368 PA5565 CIA_05085 tRNA uridine 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification enzyme MnmG -1.08679 0.031859 PA5166 CIA_05139 C4-dicarboxylate transport transcriptional regulatory protein...”
PP0073 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Pseudomonas putida KT2440
87% identity, 99% coverage
LINJ_06_1330 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Leishmania infantum JPCM5
A4HT18 coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Leishmania infantum
70% identity, 99% coverage
HEM6_LEIMA / P84155 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Leishmania major
LMJF_06_1270 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Leishmania major strain Friedlin
70% identity, 99% coverage
- function: Involved in the heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen- IX (By similarity).
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
subunit: Homodimer. - Leishmania major possesses a unique HemG-type protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase
Zwerschke, Bioscience reports 2014 - “...only known eukaryotes possessing HemG-type enzymes. The LMJF_06_1280 gene forms a potential transcriptional unit with LMJF_06_1270 encoding CPO (coproporphyrinogen III oxidase) and with LMJF_06_1290 for a cytochrome b 5 . Invivo function of the L. major hemG gene was shown by the functional complementation of the...”
- “...gene (LMJF_17_1480) was discovered [ 12 ]. Additionally, one potential CPO a (coproporphyrinogen III oxidase) LMJF_06_1270) and a potential PPO a (protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase) (LMJF_06_1280) were annotated ( Figure 1 A) [ 13 ]. Recently, high-throughput structural biology projects yielded several Leishmania spp. CPO crystal structures...”
3dwsB / P84155 Leishmania major coproporphyrinogen iii oxidase with bound ligand
70% identity, 99% coverage
- Ligand: 5-fluoroindole-2-carboxylic acid (3dwsB)
WP_001625620 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Escherichia coli
71% identity, 96% coverage
- Acquisition of exogenous haem is essential for tick reproduction
Perner, eLife 2016 - “...R. ricketsii ( Rickettsia rickettsii , bacteria, WP_012151472), E. coli ( Escherichia coli , bacteria, WP_001625620), T. castaneum ( Tribolium castaneum , red flour beetle, XP_008201513), C. gigas ( Crassostrea gigas , pacific oyster, EKC32626), H. sapiens ( Homo sapiens , ENSG00000080819), D. melanogaster (Dr osophila...”
Q9KVT4 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Vibrio cholerae serotype O1 (strain ATCC 39315 / El Tor Inaba N16961)
67% identity, 96% coverage
- Comparative genome analysis of non-toxigenic non-O1 versus toxigenic O1 Vibrio cholerae.
Mukherjee, Genomics discovery 2014 - “...prepilin-like proteins leader peptide-processing enzyme tcpJ P0C6D9 N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthase purK Q9KVT8 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase hemF Q9KVT4 Aldehyde dehydrogenase aldA P0C6D7 Putative N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase nanE Q9KR62 N-acetylmannosamine kinase nanK Q9KR61 N-acetylneuraminate epimerase nanM Q9KR69 N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase purE Q9KVT7 Ribosome modulation factor Rmf Q9KRZ9 Accessory colonization factor...”
Sec / b2436 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Escherichia coli K-12 substr. MG1655 (see 3 papers)
hemF / P36553 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Escherichia coli (strain K12) (see 9 papers)
HEM6_ECOLI / P36553 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase; CPO; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Escherichia coli (strain K12) (see 2 papers)
P36553 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Escherichia coli (see paper)
b2436 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
70% identity, 96% coverage
P33771 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720)
71% identity, 96% coverage
lpg1215 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila str. Philadelphia 1
66% identity, 96% coverage
lpp1223 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Legionella pneumophila str. Paris
67% identity, 97% coverage
YPO3032 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic HemF from Yersinia pestis CO92
69% identity, 96% coverage
ECs3307 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Escherichia coli O157:H7 str. Sakai
70% identity, 96% coverage
SO_0038 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
SO0038 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
66% identity, 97% coverage
- Investigation of a spontaneous mutant reveals novel features of iron uptake in Shewanella oneidensis
Dong, Scientific reports 2017 - “...heme synthesis are conditionally inducible include hemA (SO_3834), hemL (SO_1300), hemB (SO_2587), hemN (SO_4730), hemF (SO_0038), and hemH (SO_2019) 38 , 40 , 41 . To explore which steps are affected in putA WC cells, we monitored abundance of the transcript of these hem genes by...”
- Regulation of Gene Expression in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 during Electron Acceptor Limitation and Bacterial Nanowire Formation
Barchinger, Applied and environmental microbiology 2016 - “...1.39 1.20 1.83 1.34 0.81 Heme biosynthesis SO_0027 SO_0038 SO_1300 SO_2019 SO_2587 SO_3720 SO_3834 SO_4208 SO_4314 SO_4730 SO_4613 SO_4614 hemG hemE hemL hemH...”
- Generation and validation of a Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 clone set for protein expression and phage display
Gao, PloS one 2008 - “...of panel B. The predicted molecular weights (kDa) of the fusion proteins are: SO0037, 40.7; SO0038, 65.1; SO0040, 61.2; SO0041, 41.4; SO0044, 39.7; SO0047, 75.1; SO0049, 86.9; SO0051, 34.3; SO0053, 66.8; SO0054, 74.2; SO0055, 94.7; SO0056, 59.3; SO0057, 79.9; SO0059, 57.1. B. Identical to A. but...”
XAC4109 aerobic coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri str. 306
68% identity, 97% coverage
B2FND0 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (strain K279a)
68% identity, 96% coverage
- Subtractive genomics and molecular docking approach to identify drug targets against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Saleem, PloS one 2021 - “...sml01100-Metabolic pathways 20 Tetraacyldisaccharide 4-kinase (B2FK22) Sml00540- Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis sml01100-Metabolic pathways 21 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase (B2FND0) sml01110-Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites sml01100-Metabolic pathways sml00860-Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism Sml01240 -Biosynthesis of cofactors 22 Pantothenate synthetase (B2FL68) sml01110-Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites sml01100-Metabolic pathways sml00770-Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis Sml01240 -Biosynthesis...”
3dwrB / P84155 Leishmania major coproporphyrinogen iii oxidase with bound ligand
66% identity, 99% coverage
- Ligand: cyclopentylacetic acid (3dwrB)
LF41_3101 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Lysobacter dokdonensis DS-58
64% identity, 95% coverage
- Genome sequence of Lysobacter dokdonensis DS-58(T), a gliding bacterium isolated from soil in Dokdo, Korea
Kwak, Standards in genomic sciences 2015 - “...system permease protein (LF41_2301); 15, phosphate ABC transporter, periplasmic phosphate-binding protein (LF41_2302); 16, coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase (LF41_3101); 17, DNA polymerase I (LF41_3103); 18, DUF2785 domain containing protein (LF41_3104); 19, putative exporter (LF41_3121); 20, fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (LF41_3122); 21, acyltransferase (LF41_3123); 22, dehydratase (LF41_3124); 23, acyl carrier protein...”
BP2310 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Bordetella pertussis Tohama I
64% identity, 97% coverage
- Rapid and simple SNP genotyping for Bordetella pertussis epidemic strain MT27 based on a multiplexed single-base extension assay
Kamachi, Scientific reports 2021 - “...Silent Transferase 17 SNP24 2,395,350 BP2274 G/A Silent ABC transporter substrate-binding protein 17 SNP25 2,436,106 BP2310 hemF C/T T136I Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 17 SNP26 2,657,330 BP2509 dapB A/C T5P 4-Hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase 17 SNP28 2,884,401 BP2718 T/C K276R Biotin synthase 17 SNP30 3,326,160 BP3121 G/A Silent GTP-binding...”
XF0017 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c
64% identity, 96% coverage
- Xylella fastidiosa gene expression analysis by DNA microarrays
Travensolo, Genetics and molecular biology 2009 - “...and regulatory functions XF0956 thiL Thiamine-monophosphate kinase 0.93 XF2592 phoR Two-component system, sensor protein 0.83 XF0017 hemF Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic 0.82 XF0064 bioB Biotin synthase -1.52 XF0230 panC Pantoate-beta-alanine ligase -1.30 XF0322 tctD Two-component system, regulatory protein -1.20 XF0189 bioA Adenosylmethionine-8-amino-7-oxononanoate aminotransferase -1.05 XF0912 sspB...”
Fphi_1842 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Francisella philomiragia subsp. philomiragia ATCC 25017
55% identity, 98% coverage
- Genetic diversity within the genus Francisella as revealed by comparative analyses of the genomes of two North American isolates from environmental sources
Siddaramappa, BMC genomics 2012 - “...396 aa, 34%, 2e-58 Fphi_1812 (433 aa) Glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (HemL) APJL_1583, 426 aa, 61%, 2e-151 Fphi_1842 (308 aa) Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (HemF) Tcr_0017, 323 aa, 59%, 2e-106 Fphi_1900 (338 aa) Ferrochelatase, protoheme ferro-lyase (HemH) SMc04019, 342 aa, 50%, 7e-92 In strains ATCC 25017 and TX07-7308, Fphi_0087...”
FTL_1022 Coproporphyinogen III oxidase from Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica
55% identity, 98% coverage
FTA_1078 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica FTA
54% identity, 98% coverage
SYNPCC7002_A1828 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002
51% identity, 87% coverage
- Transcription Profiling of the Model Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002 by Next-Gen (SOLiD™) Sequencing of cDNA
Ludwig, Frontiers in microbiology 2011 - “...2.34 1.50 0.36 cysG/hemD Uroporphyrin-III synthase/methyltransferase SYNPCC7002_A0823 0.91 0.40 0.30 0.75 0.56 hemE Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase SYNPCC7002_A1828 0.40 0.66 0.09 0.13 1.17 hemF Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic SYNPCC7002_A1990 1.02 1.08 1.20 1.12 16.51 hemN2 O2-independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase SYNPCC7002_A2831 1.44 1.47 1.85 1.26 1.88 hemN O2-independent coproporphyrinogen...”
- “...oxidative cyclases; hox1 (SYNPCC7002_A2508) and ho2 (SYNPCC7002_A1991), encoding heme oxygenases that synthesize biliverdin; and hemF (SYNPCC7002_A1828), hemN (SYNPCC7002_A2831), and hemN2 (SYNPCC7002_A1990) encoding coproporphyrinogen III oxidases. In contrast to acsF2 , ho2 , and hemN2 , which exhibited much higher mRNA levels under micro-oxic conditions, the transcript...”
all1357 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120
53% identity, 84% coverage
HEM6_SYNY3 / P72848 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase; CPO; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Synechocystis sp. (strain ATCC 27184 / PCC 6803 / Kazusa) (see paper)
P72848 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Synechocystis sp. (see paper)
sll1185 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
51% identity, 88% coverage
- function: Involved in the heme and chlorophyll biosynthesis. Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen-IX.
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
cofactor: a divalent metal cation
subunit: Homodimer.
disruption phenotype: Cells lacking this gene fail to grow under aerobic conditions, with accumulation of coproporphyrin-III. - Promoting Heme and Phycocyanin Biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by Overexpression of Porphyrin Pathway Genes with Genetic Engineering
Cao, Marine drugs 2023 - “...genes of strain PCC 6803, including hemA-syn (slr1808), hemB-syn (sll1994), hemC-syn (slr1887), hemE-syn (slr0536), hemF-syn (sll1185), hemH-syn (slr0839), hemJ-syn (slr1790), hemL-syn (sll0017), hemN-syn (sll1876), and glbn (slr2097), were amplified by PCR, and the promoter Pcpc560 (P) was connected with each of the heme genes to obtain...”
- Thylakoid Localized Type 2 NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase NdbA Optimizes Light-Activated Heterotrophic Growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Huokko, Plant & cell physiology 2019 - “...CpcA 1.1 4.12E01 1.4 2.42E02 sll1579 CpcC2 1.2 4.25E03 1.6 9.35E05 Chlorophyll and bilin biosynthesis sll1185 HemF 1.0 7.31E01 1.7 1.47E05 slr0839 HemH 1.1 2.54E01 1.6 7.56E04 sll1184 Ho1 1.1 5.38E01 2.1 1.23E04 sll1214 ChlA I 1.1 1.06E02 1.7 8.28E05 slr0056 ChlG 1.6 2.30E02 1.9 6.43E03...”
- On the use of oxygenic photosynthesis for the sustainable production of commodity chemicals
Pérez, Physiologia plantarum 2019 - “...0.052 0.195 sll0542, sll1299 Mercaptopyruvate 0.034 5.702 sll1027 or sll1502, slr0710, sll1499 5Deoxyadenosine 0.052 0.044 sll1185 3,4Dihydroxy2butanone 4phosphate 0.051 0.732 sll0753, sll0330, sll1556 Adenine 0.052 0.032 sll1430 Adenosine 0.052 0.032 sll1430 SAdenosyllhomocysteine 0.052 0.025 sll1758 Fumarate 0.051 0.848 slr0018 0.044 3.162 slr0018, slr0458, sll1349 0.043 3.509...”
- Alignment of microbial fitness with engineered product formation: obligatory coupling between acetate production and photoautotrophic growth
Du, Biotechnology for biofuels 2018 - “...0.052 0.195 sll0542, sll1299 Mercaptopyruvate 0.034 5.702 sll1027 or sll1502, slr0710, sll1499 5-Deoxyadenosine 0.052 0.044 sll1185 3,4-Dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate 0.051 0.732 sll0753, sll0330, sll1556 Adenine 0.052 0.032 sll1430 Adenosine 0.052 0.032 sll1430 S-Adenosyl- l -homocysteine 0.052 0.025 sll1758 Fumarate 0.051 0.848 slr0018 0.044 3.162 slr0018, slr0458, sll1349...”
- Evolutionary Aspects and Regulation of Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria under Aerobic and Anaerobic Environments
Fujita, Life (Basel, Switzerland) 2015 - “...in the presence of oxygen. In the genome of Synechocystis 6803, there are two genes, sll1185 and sll1876 , that encode HemF and HemN, respectively. The enzymatic activities of Sll1185 and Sll1876 were confirmed by reconstitution of reactions with proteins purified after expression in Escherichia coli...”
- A novel "oxygen-induced" greening process in a cyanobacterial mutant lacking the transcriptional activator ChlR involved in low-oxygen adaptation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis
Aoki, The Journal of biological chemistry 2014 - “...primer for hemE (slr0536) Forward primer for hemF (sll1185) Reverse primer for hemF (sll1185) Forward primer for hemN (sll1876) Reverse primer for hemN...”
- ChlR protein of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 is a transcription activator that uses an oxygen-sensitive [4Fe-4S] cluster to control genes involved in pigment biosynthesis
Ludwig, The Journal of biological chemistry 2014 - “...gene for an oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (HemF, sll1185), which is a monooxygenase with a binuclear iron center (21, 22). In Synechocystis...”
- Functional differentiation of two analogous coproporphyrinogen III oxidases for heme and chlorophyll biosynthesis pathways in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Goto, Plant & cell physiology 2010 (PubMed)- “...sp. PCC 6803 there is one hemF-like gene, sll1185, and two hemN-like genes, sll1876 and sll1917. The three genes were overexpressed in Escherichia coli...”
- “...lacking one of these genes were isolated. The sll1185 mutant failed to grow under aerobic conditions, with accumulation of coproporphyrin III. This growth...”
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AM1_0615 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Acaryochloris marina MBIC11017
51% identity, 89% coverage
- Effects of Light and Oxygen on Chlorophyll d Biosynthesis in a Marine Cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina
Tsuzuki, Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 - “...accumulated significant coproporphyrinogen III under the micro-oxic conditions [ 21 ]. Since both enzymes, HemF (AM1_0615) and HemN (AM1_0467), are conserved in A. marina , HemN can catalyze this reaction in an oxygen-independent manner under micro-oxic conditions in A. marina . Another oxygen-dependent reaction is Mg-protoporphyrin...”
- The Complex Transcriptional Response of Acaryochloris marina to Different Oxygen Levels
Hernández-Prieto, G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 2017 - “...6.88 0.22 AM1_1283 O 2 -independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, HemN 53 46 44 0.20 0.26 AM1_0615 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic, HemF 192 103 102 0.89 0.91 AM1_2295 Oxygen-dependent MPE-cyclase, AcsF 3331 1722 3430 0.95 0.04 AM1_1959 Ferrochelatase, HemH 74 57 50 0.37 0.56 AM1_C0204 Ferrochelatase, HemH...”
- “...(Log 2 FC 6.8) under microoxic conditions ( Figure 7 ). Expression of HemF ( AM1_0615 ) did not show any significant change. This suggests that AM1_0467 is the homolog to hemN in Acaryochloris , based on its expression profile. The product of the HemN/HemF reaction...”
cce_3201 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142
50% identity, 88% coverage
- Analysis of Protein Complexes in the Unicellular Cyanobacterium Cyanothece ATCC 51142
Aryal, Journal of proteome research 2018 - “...of interacting. The third example is uroprophyrinogen decarboxylase (HemE; cce_2966) and corproporphyrinogen III oxidase (HemF; cce_3201). They are both involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway and porphyrin chlorophyll metabolism pathway not only in Cyanothece 51142 but also in other 4 Cyanothece strains. Also, their putative homologous...”
Tery_1166 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101
49% identity, 89% coverage
M744_13435 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973
51% identity, 88% coverage
- Self-Assembly of Nanofilaments in Cyanobacteria for Protein Co-localization
Zedler, ACS nano 2023 - “...2.18 Q31PT8 synpcc7942_0901 M744_12225 Haloalkane dehalogenase 2.34 P39661 synpcc7942_1240 M744_10440 Ferredoxinnitrite reductase 2.37 Q31QG3 synpcc7942_0674 M744_13435 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 2.51 Q31PD9 synpcc7942_1050 M744_11430 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide 2.91 Q31KN7 synpcc7942_2352 M744_04505 Ribosome hibernation promoting factor (HPF) 3.05 Q31PE0 synpcc7942_1049 M744_11435 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide 3.91 Table...”
A1S_3108 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978
61% identity, 78% coverage
Synpcc7942_0674 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
Q31QG3 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Synechococcus elongatus (strain ATCC 33912 / PCC 7942 / FACHB-805)
52% identity, 91% coverage
- Self-Assembly of Nanofilaments in Cyanobacteria for Protein Co-localization
Zedler, ACS nano 2023 - “...protein 2.18 Q31PT8 synpcc7942_0901 M744_12225 Haloalkane dehalogenase 2.34 P39661 synpcc7942_1240 M744_10440 Ferredoxinnitrite reductase 2.37 Q31QG3 synpcc7942_0674 M744_13435 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 2.51 Q31PD9 synpcc7942_1050 M744_11430 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide 2.91 Q31KN7 synpcc7942_2352 M744_04505 Ribosome hibernation promoting factor (HPF) 3.05 Q31PE0 synpcc7942_1049 M744_11435 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide 3.91...”
- “...of phycobiliproteins, proteins involved in nitrogen metabolism (Synpcc7942_1851), amino acid metabolism (Synpcc7942_2160), and cofactor biosynthesis (Synpcc7942_0674). This is also in agreement with the decreased amount of phycocyanin and chlorophyll a observed in UTEX 2973_pEG001 at 48 and 96 h ( Supplementary Figure 5A,C ). In PCC...”
- Promoting Heme and Phycocyanin Biosynthesis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by Overexpression of Porphyrin Pathway Genes with Genetic Engineering
Cao, Marine drugs 2023 - “...genes of strain PCC 7942, including hemA-syf (Synpcc7942_0504), hemB-syf (Synpcc7942_1792), hemC-syf (Synpcc7942_0967), hemE-syf (Synpcc7942_1086), hemF-syf (Synpcc7942_0674), hemH-syf (Synpcc7942_0137), hemJ-syf (Synpcc7942_0849), and hemL-syf (Synpcc7942_0645), were homologously recombined to obtain the overexpression plasmids of strain PCC 7942 heme synthesis genes. The two endogenous genes of strain PCC 6803,...”
- Self-Assembly of Nanofilaments in Cyanobacteria for Protein Co-localization
Zedler, ACS nano 2023 - “...Uncharacterized protein 2.18 Q31PT8 synpcc7942_0901 M744_12225 Haloalkane dehalogenase 2.34 P39661 synpcc7942_1240 M744_10440 Ferredoxinnitrite reductase 2.37 Q31QG3 synpcc7942_0674 M744_13435 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 2.51 Q31PD9 synpcc7942_1050 M744_11430 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide 2.91 Q31KN7 synpcc7942_2352 M744_04505 Ribosome hibernation promoting factor (HPF) 3.05 Q31PE0 synpcc7942_1049 M744_11435 Phycobilisome rod linker polypeptide...”
BL107_08791 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Synechococcus sp. BL107
48% identity, 79% coverage
- A Sample-to-Sequence Protocol for Genus Targeted Transcriptomic Profiling: Application to Marine Synechococcus
Pitt, Frontiers in microbiology 2016 - “...19.2: COBALAMIN, HEME, PHYCOBILIN AND PORPHYRIN METABOLISM BL107_05669 116,065,235 HMOX; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing) 2.07 0.16 BL107_08791 116,064,482 CPOX; coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 1.70 0.24 BL107_10526 116,064,737 chlL; light-independent protochlorophyllide reductase iron-sulfur ATP-binding protein 1.57 0.25 BL107_10521 116,064,736 Protochlorophyllide reductase 1.54 0.16 BL107_08891 116,064,502 pebA; 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase 1.23...”
MXAN_6762 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Myxococcus xanthus DK 1622
56% identity, 96% coverage
Caur_2599 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Chloroflexus aurantiacus J-10-fl
53% identity, 98% coverage
- Complete genome sequence of the filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus
Tang, BMC genomics 2011 - “..., for example, acsF (Caur_2590) and bchE (Caur_3676) [ 28 ] as well as hemF (Caur_2599) and hemN (Caur_0209 and/or Caur_0644) gene pairs. The acsF and hemF genes cannot be found in the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum [ 56 ] and other strictly anaerobic bacteria....”
- “...1.3.3.3) - anaerobic (EC 1.3.99.22) convert coproporphyrinogen III to protoporphyrinogen IX in heme biosynthesis hemF (Caur_2599) hemN (Caur_0209, Caur_0644) Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester oxidative cyclase (EC 1.14.13.81) the isocyclic ring formation in chlorophyll biosynthesis acsF (Caur_2590) bchE (Caur_3676) cobalt chelatase - aerobic (EC 6.6.1.2) - anaerobic...”
SYNW2040 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Synechococcus sp. WH 8102
49% identity, 77% coverage
LOC107845388 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic from Capsicum annuum
49% identity, 74% coverage
- Pigment Biosynthesis and Molecular Genetics of Fruit Color in Pepper
Wang, Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 2023 - “...4 LOC107867127 UROD Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase 6 LOC107875768 10 LOC107845519 CPOX Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 10 LOC107845388 PPOX Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 1 LOC107840071 MgCh Magnesium chelatase H subunit 5 LOC107870073 Magnesium chelatase I subunit 10 LOC107845383 Magnesium chelatase D subunit 5 LOC107870054 MgPMT Magnesium proto IX methyltransferase 3...”
Q2F7H7 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Zea mays (see paper)
50% identity, 70% coverage
CPO / P35055 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase subunit (EC 1.3.3.3) from Glycine max (see paper)
P35055 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic from Glycine max
50% identity, 77% coverage
NP_001347283 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, chloroplastic from Glycine max
50% identity, 77% coverage
GRMZM5G870342 uncharacterized protein LOC100500945 from Zea mays
49% identity, 75% coverage
F2DIZ2 coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
51% identity, 73% coverage
Q2F7H8 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Zea mays (see paper)
49% identity, 74% coverage
HEMF1 / Q9LR75 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Arabidopsis thaliana (see 2 papers)
HEM61_ARATH / Q9LR75 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1, chloroplastic; AtCPO-I; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; Protein LESION INITIATION 2; EC 1.3.3.3 from Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) (see paper)
Q9LR75 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Arabidopsis thaliana (see paper)
AT1G03475 LIN2 (LESION INITIATION 2); coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana
NP_171847 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Arabidopsis thaliana
48% identity, 77% coverage
- function: Key enzyme in heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of propionic acid side chains of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen III.
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
subunit: Homodimer.
disruption phenotype: Spontaneous formation of necrotic leaf lesions. - A comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic data for comparison of plants with different photosynthetic pathways in response to drought stress
Karami, PloS one 2023 - “...up-regulated gene protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase A ( PORA ; AT5G54190) and down-regulated genes coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (AT1G03475) and, chlorophyll synthase ( G4 ; AT3G51820), were identified exclusively in C4 plants. The hub gene analysis identified many common top-ranked genes based on the MCC method in both groups...”
- Arabidopsis CIA2 and CIL have distinct and overlapping functions in regulating chloroplast and flower development
Yang, Plant direct 2022 - “...particle 54 kDa subunit (CpSRP54) 0.64 0.95 0.51 0.76 1.21 0.46 CP Chlorophyllbiosynthetic proteins (14) AT1G03475 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPO1, HEMF1) 0.80 0.97 0.66 0.64 0.94 0.61 CP AT1G44446 Chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO, CH1) 0.71 0.97 0.47 0.72 1.04 0.59 CP AT3G48730 Glutamate1semialdehyde aminomutase 2 (GSA2)...”
- BRS1 mediates plant redox regulation and cold responses
Zhang, BMC plant biology 2021 - “...Cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase Redox 0.22 7* AT1G65930 Cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase Redox 3.12 8 AT1G03475 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Redox 1.15 9 AT5G09530 Proline-rich protein 10 Seed germination 1.24 10 AT1G66200 Cytosolic glutamate synthetase Glutamine biosynthesis 1.79 11 ATCG00490 Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase Carbon fixation of photosynthesis 0.79...”
- Review: the effect of light on the key pigment compounds of photosensitive etiolated tea plant
Yue, Botanical studies 2021 - “...6 Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase UROD HEME1 At2g40490 HEME2 At3g14930 7 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase CPOX HEMF1 At1g03475 HEMF2 At4g03205 8 Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase PPOX HEMG1 At5g14220 HEMG2 At4g01690 9 Magnesium chelatase H subunit CHLH (GUN5) CHLH At5g13630 Magnesium chelatase I subunit CHLI CHLI1 At4g18490 Magnesium chelatase D...”
- Changes in Brassica oleracea Leaves Infected With Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris by Proteomics Analysis
Tortosa, Frontiers in plant science 2021 - “...4 TRX-M4 M4EEN8 AT3G15360 0.013 1.31 43.8 Auxins signaling 245 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase CPX1/LIN2 Q9LR75 AT1G03475 0.002 15.62 13 32 Chaperonin 20 CPN20 O65282 AT5G20720 0.016 1.82 79.8 Others 58 Ribosome recycling factor, chloroplast precursor RRF Q9M1 0 AT3G63190 0.003 1.45 54.9 194 Winged-helix DNA-binding transcription...”
- Genetic Mapping of a Light-Dependent Lesion Mimic Mutant Reveals the Function of Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Homolog in Soybean
Ma, Frontiers in plant science 2020 - “...( Medtr5g098800 ), Trifolium pretense ( Tp57577 TGAC v2 gene35901 ), and Arabidopsis thaliana ( AT1G03475 ; AT4G03205 ). (B) Synteny diagram plot of the genes surrounding the GmLMM2 gene. (C) Expression pattern of GmLMM2 in different tissues of Williams 82 (WT). (D) GmLMM2 localized to...”
- RANK: Large-Scale Inference with Graphical Nonlinear Knockoffs
Fan, Journal of the American Statistical Association 2020 - “...Starch AT5G19220 Glycol AT4G27600 Starch AT2G21590 Pentos AT3G04790 Trypto AT5G48220 Phenyl AT2G27820 Trypto AT5G17980 Porphy AT1G03475 Mevalo AT5G47720 Porphy AT3G51820...”
- Profiling of advanced glycation end products uncovers abiotic stress-specific target proteins in Arabidopsis
Chaplin, Journal of experimental botany 2019 - “...AT4G14040 4 GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE A SUBUNIT 2 Q9LPW0 AT1G12900 4 LESION INITIATION 2 Q9LR75 AT1G03475 8 GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE C SUBUNIT P25858 AT3G04120 2 PSA E1 KNOCKOUT Q9S831 AT4G28750 2 - 4 GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE PHI 9 O80852 AT2G30860 5 - 9 RUBISCO SMALL SUBUNIT 3B/RUBISCO SMALL...”
- More
- A mutation in a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase gene confers growth inhibition, enhanced powdery mildew resistance and powdery mildew-induced cell death in Arabidopsis.
Guo, Plant cell reports 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: LIN2 negatively regulates resistance to powdery mildew and oomycete pathogens.
- Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Related to Defense Responses in Arabidopsis Plants Transformed with the rolB Oncogene
Vereshchagina, International journal of molecular sciences 2023 - “...and drought 1.5 Photosynthesis 1 Q9SW18 Magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase, chloroplastic Chlorophyll biosynthesis 3.0 2 Q9LR75 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1, chloroplastic Chlorophyll biosynthesis 5.0 3 O22886 Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase 2, chloroplastic Chlorophyll biosynthesis 2.8 4 P21218 Protochlorophyllide reductase B, chloroplastic Chlorophyll biosynthesis 2.4 5 O48741 Protochlorophyllide reductase C,...”
- New In Vivo Approach to Broaden the Thioredoxin Family Interactome in Chloroplasts
Ancín, Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 - “...Soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase 6 (Ppase 6) 74.6 0 stroma Chlorophyll synthesis A0A1S4C5X4 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase Q9LR75 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1 (CPOX) 80.4 2 stroma Photorespiration A0A1S3X073 Phosphoglycolate phosphatase 1B P0DKC4 Phosphoglycolate phosphatase 1B 66.8 4 stroma PSII assembly A0A1S4DN09 Photosystem II repair protein PSB27-H1 Q9LR64 Photosystem II...”
- Commonalities and specialties in photosynthetic functions of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 variants in Arabidopsis
Penzler, Plant physiology 2022 - “...Q9FJ81 CCB2 Cofactor Assembly of Complex C subunit B 0.668 6.62 E 03 Chlorophyll biosynthesis Q9LR75; Q93Z96 HEMF1; 2 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1; 2 1.504 2.04 E 02 Q9FNB0 CHLH Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlH 1.600 1.85 E 02 P16127 CHLI Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlI-1 1.885 7.40 E 03 Q43316...”
- Changes in Brassica oleracea Leaves Infected With Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris by Proteomics Analysis
Tortosa, Frontiers in plant science 2021 - “...M-type 4 TRX-M4 M4EEN8 AT3G15360 0.013 1.31 43.8 Auxins signaling 245 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase CPX1/LIN2 Q9LR75 AT1G03475 0.002 15.62 13 32 Chaperonin 20 CPN20 O65282 AT5G20720 0.016 1.82 79.8 Others 58 Ribosome recycling factor, chloroplast precursor RRF Q9M1 0 AT3G63190 0.003 1.45 54.9 194 Winged-helix DNA-binding...”
- Sexual and Apogamous Species of Woodferns Show Different Protein and Phytohormone Profiles
Fernández, Frontiers in plant science 2021 - “...237628-108_3_ORF2 (+2) 50 P16127 0 1.58 14 7 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1 639 263607-90_6_ORF2 (+1) 46 Q9LR75 0 3.00 11 3 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase large chain 1,088 39629-404_3_ORF2 [3] 133 Q42601 0 1.32 2.6 3 Argininosuccinate synthase 740 1466-1535_4_ORF1 [4] 52 Q9SZX3 0 1.00 7.1 3 Prohibitin-3 372...”
- Profiling of advanced glycation end products uncovers abiotic stress-specific target proteins in Arabidopsis
Chaplin, Journal of experimental botany 2019 - “...Q93WN0 AT4G14040 4 GLYCERALDEHYDE 3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE A SUBUNIT 2 Q9LPW0 AT1G12900 4 LESION INITIATION 2 Q9LR75 AT1G03475 8 GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE C SUBUNIT P25858 AT3G04120 2 PSA E1 KNOCKOUT Q9S831 AT4G28750 2 - 4 GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE PHI 9 O80852 AT2G30860 5 - 9 RUBISCO SMALL SUBUNIT 3B/RUBISCO...”
- Proteomic Insight into the Response of Arabidopsis Chloroplasts to Darkness
Wang, PloS one 2016 - “...(PSB33) Q9C9I7 AT1G71500 T 1.370.03 Chlorophyll and carotenoid synthesis (4) 16 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1 (CPOX) Q9LR75 AT1G03475 S 1.450.08 17 Magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester [oxidative] cyclase (CRD1) Q9M591 AT3G56940 Ts 1.400.10 18 Protochlorophyllide reductase like protein (POR C) Q0WVW0 AT1G03630 Ts 1.530.09 19 Lycopene beta/epsilon cyclase...”
Gasu_19740 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Galdieria sulphuraria
47% identity, 74% coverage
XP_416596 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial from Gallus gallus
46% identity, 73% coverage
XP_008201513 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Tribolium castaneum
47% identity, 78% coverage
- Acquisition of exogenous haem is essential for tick reproduction
Perner, eLife 2016 - “...( Escherichia coli , bacteria, WP_001625620), T. castaneum ( Tribolium castaneum , red flour beetle, XP_008201513), C. gigas ( Crassostrea gigas , pacific oyster, EKC32626), H. sapiens ( Homo sapiens , ENSG00000080819), D. melanogaster (Dr osophila melanogaster , fruitfly, FBgn0021944), A. gambiae ( Anopheles gambiae ,...”
E1BKY9 coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Bos taurus
45% identity, 67% coverage
Ot03g03170 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, conserved site from Ostreococcus tauri
49% identity, 84% coverage
- Microarray data can predict diurnal changes of starch content in the picoalga Ostreococcus
Sorokina, BMC systems biology 2011 - “...Ot04g04170, Ot08g01260); 3.2.1.1 - -amylase (Ot16g00380, Ot02g05490, Ot10g00260, Ot07g02010); 3.2.1.2 - - amylase (Ot02g06980, Ot03g03190, Ot03g03170); 3.2.1.68- Isoamylase (Ot14g02550, Ot12g00310); 3.2.1.142- Pullulanase (Ot01g03030); MEX1- maltose transporter (Ot09g03160). Asterisks* point out the potential targets for the genetic regulation revealed by the simulations. Based on the above and...”
- “...Ot02g05490 Aamy2 x Ot10g00260 Aamy3 x Ot07g02010 3.2.1.2 -amylase x Ot02g06980 Bamy2 x Ot03g03190 bamy1 Ot03g03170 3.2.1.68 Isoamylase (debranching enzyme) dbe1 (Isa1) x Ot14g02550 Isa2 Ot02g07230 dbeII (Isa3) x Ot12g00310 3.2.1.142 Pullulanase spu x Ot01g03030 2.7.9.4 -glucan, water dikinase (GWD) SR1-A x Ot13g01510 R1 C Ot16g02370...”
FGSG_10739 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Fusarium graminearum PH-1
45% identity, 72% coverage
CCM_07483 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Cordyceps militaris CM01
46% identity, 72% coverage
- Metabolic comparison of aerial and submerged mycelia formed in the liquid surface culture of Cordyceps militaris
Suparmin, MicrobiologyOpen 2019 - “...Under hypoxic conditions, the 5aminolevulinic acid synthase (CCM_01504), deltaaminolevulinic acid dehydratase (CCM_00935), coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CCM_07483) and cytochrome c oxidase 15 (CCM_05057) genes of heme biosynthesis were significantly upregulated. In addition, the liquid surface culture revealed that metabolite coproporhyrinogen III and glycine, the product and precursor...”
- “...al., 2011 ). Interestingly, four of the heme biosynthetic genes, ALAS (CCM_01504), ALAD (CCM_00935), CPO (CCM_07483), and COX 15 (CCM_05057) with 3.176, 4.660, 4.239, and 2.526fold expression, were activated only in the submerged mycelia following 12days of culture (Figure 5 ). Nevertheless, the expression of CPO...”
CPOX / P36551 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial (EC 1.3.3.3) from Homo sapiens (see 5 papers)
HEM6_HUMAN / P36551 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial; COX; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 14 papers)
P36551 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Homo sapiens (see 5 papers)
45% identity, 66% coverage
- function: Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen-IX and participates to the sixth step in the heme biosynthetic pathway.
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
subunit: Homodimer. - In silico prediction, molecular modeling, and dynamics studies on the targeted next-generation sequencing identified genes underlying congenital heart disease in Down syndrome patients.
Carlus, Annals of pediatric cardiology 2023 - “...beta-strand of the CPOX protein. The protein sequence was taken from the UniProt database (ID: P36551). Group C Centrosomal protein of 290 kDa CEP290 is a large protein involved in the early and late steps of cilia formation.[ 24 ] The protein sequence, comprising 1879 amino...”
- Human amygdala involvement in Alzheimer's disease revealed by stereological and dia-PASEF analysis.
Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) 2023 - “...TOLLIP Tollinteracting protein 0.66 0.0124 Q15111 PLCL1_HUMAN PLCL1 Inactive phospholipase Clike protein 1 0.66 0.0275 P36551 HEM6_HUMAN CPOX Oxygendependent coproporphyrinogenIII oxidase, mitochondrial 0.66 0.0115 Q08380 LG3BP_HUMAN LGALS3BP Galectin3binding protein 0.65 0.0277 P50453 SPB9_HUMAN SERPINB9 Serpin B9 0.65 0.0340 O95670 VATG2_HUMAN ATP6V1G2 Vtype proton ATPase subunit G...”
- Protein network analyses of pulmonary endothelial cells in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Nukala, Scientific reports 2021 - “...FKBP9 FKBP9 -1.39 A0A090N7X0 GTPase IMAP family member 4 HIMAP4 -1.39 Q5URX0 Beta-hexosaminidase; HEXB -1.41 P36551 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial CPOX -1.41 A0A024RA75 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase HIBADH -1.42 B4DTT0 N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase DKFZp686E12166 -1.44 A0A090N8H2 GTPase IMAP family member 8 hIAN6 -1.45 Q7Z7M4 Superoxide dismutase; SOD2 -1.47 Q92626 Peroxidasin...”
- Anticancer drug discovery from Iranian Chrysanthemum cultivars through system pharmacology exploration and experimental validation.
Hodaei, Scientific reports 2021 - “...receptor type-2 TGFR2 P37173 Survival motor neuron protein SMN Q16637 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial HEM6 P36551 Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1 EHMT1 Q9H9B1 Cellular tumor antigen p53 P53 P04637 Compound- target interaction validation The 3D structures of compounds were prepared in SDF format using PubChem and the crystallographic...”
- Critical review of non-histone human substrates of metal-dependent lysine deacetylases.
Toro, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2020 - “...(i) 88 CIDEC (Q96AQ7) K56 KDAC6 (c) 39 SIK2 (Q9H0K1) K53 KDAC6 (i) 74 CPOX (P36551) K404 KDAC6 (i) 91 SIK2 (Q9H0K1) n.d. KDAC6 (c) 74 CS (O75390) K76 KDAC6 (i) 91 SLC25A1 (P53007) K160 KDAC6 (i) 91 CTTN (Q14247) n.d. KDAC8 (c) 118 SMC1A (Q14683)...”
- Carboxyl terminal activating region 3 of latent membrane protein 1 encoded by the Epstein‑Barr virus regulates cell proliferation and protein expression in NP69 cells.
Zhang, Molecular medicine reports 2020 - “...and translation 2 3.25 P21964 Catechol O-methyltransferase 5.26 30.474 52 Cytoplasm Metabolic enzymes 3 4.32 P36551 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 8.59 50.941 28 Mitochondrion Metabolic enzymes 4 2.98 P07355 Annexin A2 8.53 40.671 47 Cell membrane Signal transduction 5 7.75 Q99729 Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B 6.49 36.059...”
- Systematic Analysis of Cell-Type Differences in the Epithelial Secretome Reveals Insights into the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced Lower Respiratory Tract Infections.
Zhao, Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2017 - “...P29508 SERPINB3 4 P53999 SUB1 4 P61088 UBE2N 5 Q6UWP8 SBSN 1 P05231 IL6 3 P36551 CPOX 4 Q16629 SRSF7 4 O43396 TXNL1 4 Q9NTK5 OLA1 5 O15031 PLXNB2 1 P09238 MMP10 3 Q9UFN0 NIPSNAP3A 4 P38606 ATP6V1A 4 Q9UHD1 CHORDC1 4 P40926 MDH2 5 Q13361...”
- The proteome signature of the inflammatory breast cancer plasma membrane identifies novel molecular markers of disease.
Suárez-Arroyo, American journal of cancer research 2016 - More
HEM6_MOUSE / P36552 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial; COX; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
P36552 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Mus musculus (see paper)
NP_031783 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial precursor from Mus musculus
45% identity, 67% coverage
HEM13 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Candida albicans (see 2 papers)
49% identity, 89% coverage
- CharProtDB CGD description: Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase; antigenic in human/mouse; localizes to yeast-form cell surface, not hyphae; soluble in hyphae; iron-regulated expression; macrophage-downregulated; not Rfg1p regulated, farnesol-induced; possibly essential
HEM6_RAT / Q3B7D0 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial; COX; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Rattus norvegicus (Rat) (see paper)
44% identity, 67% coverage
- function: Involved in the heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen- IX (By similarity).
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
subunit: Homodimer. - Proteomic studies of putative molecular signatures for biological effects by Korean Red Ginseng.
Lee, Journal of ginseng research 2019 - “...mitochondrial P29410-2 0.37 0.24 0.71 NiemannPick type C2 F7FJQ3 0.23 0.21 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial Q3B7D0 0.22 0.21 0.24 Myosin light chain 4 M0R4E1 0.19 0.30 Rano class II histocompatibility antigen, B-1 beta chain P29826 0.26 0.20 ATP synthase-coupling factor 6, mitochondrial P21571 0.15 0.39 MHC...”
HEM6_YEAST / P11353 Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase; COX; Coprogen oxidase; Coproporphyrinogenase; EC 1.3.3.3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 4 papers)
P11353 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (see paper)
YDR044W Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, an oxygen requiring enzyme that catalyzes the sixth step in the heme biosynthetic pathway; localizes to the mitochondrial inner membrane; transcription is repressed by oxygen and heme (via Rox1p and Hap1p) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
46% identity, 87% coverage
- function: Involved in the heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen- IX.
catalytic activity: coproporphyrinogen III + O2 + 2 H(+) = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O (RHEA:18257)
subunit: Homodimer. - Crucial Involvement of Heme Biosynthesis in Vegetative Growth, Development, Stress Response, and Fungicide Sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum
Wang, International journal of molecular sciences 2024 - “...) were retrieved with a BLASTp search of the NCBI database using S. cerevisiae Cpo (YDR044W) and Fc (YOR176W) as a query, respectively. And the protein sequences of Cpo or Fc from different species were blasted with FgCpo or FgFc, respectively. The phylogenetic tree was constructed...”
- Activator and repressor functions of the Mot3 transcription factor in the osmostress response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Martínez-Montañés, Eukaryotic cell 2013 - “...(YMR319C) YPR015C YDL241W YJL218W ZRT1 (YGL255W) HEM13 (YDR044W) TIR1 (YER011W) HXT9 (YJL219W) YGL262W YOL014W AGA1 (YNR044W) THI11 (YDL244W) ECM22 (YLR228C)...”
- Deletion of a subgroup of ribosome-related genes minimizes hypoxia-induced changes and confers hypoxia tolerance
Shah, Physiological genomics 2011 - “...up Oxidation reduction YGR204W YOR374W YKL182W YPL231W YDL215C YDR044W YJR139C YDR353W YDR453C YGL039W YDL022W ADE3 ALD4 FAS1 FAS2 GDH2 HEM13 HOM6 TRR1 TSA2 gi...”
- Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of industrial wine yeast strains
Rossouw, Applied and environmental microbiology 2010 - “...(P) VIN13 (G) VIN13 (P) VIN13 (G) VIN13 (P) YDR044W YER055C YOR202W YCL030C YDR158W YJR139C YER062C YFR053C YGL253W YDR345C YEL034W YER086W ILV2 ILV3 ILV5 ILV6...”
- Graph ranking for exploratory gene data analysis
Gao, BMC bioinformatics 2009 - “...YLR237W YBR221C YJL153C YCR083W YDR001C YJL129C YLR142W Down YNL327W YNL327W YNL327W YJL178C YDR435C YFL017C YGL028C YDR044W YDL142C YER009W YNL141W YNR067C YHR128W YIL162W YNL327W YOR095C YGR006W YHL028W YCR021C YGL143C YOL152W YIL149C YMR006C YGR180C YCR021C YOR356W YPL276W YOR095C YGR277C YDR071C YLR456W YEL048C YKL029C YHR008C YOL143C YHR128W YER052C YAR050W...”
- PIPE: a protein-protein interaction prediction engine based on the re-occurring short polypeptide sequences between known interacting protein pairs
Pitre, BMC bioinformatics 2006 - “...YPL147W YBL079W YPR133W-A YDL236W YDR086C YMR203W YNL029C YBL084C YBL090W YDR001C YDL137W YMR203W YNR043W YBL084C YBL099W YDR044W YCR014C YMR203W YOR025W YBL084C YLR170C YDR144C YAL003W YMR203W YPL048W YBL084C YNL137C YGL055W YLR170C YMR203W YPL147W YBL090W YGL055W YGL055W YNR006W YMR261C YNL137C YBL090W YKL122C YHR041C YDR538W YMR261C YNR006W YBL090W YLR170C YIL021W...”
- Mapping of transcription start sites in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using 5' SAGE
Zhang, Nucleic acids research 2005 - “...91 ( 74 ) YDL205C HEM3 4 346(1), 193(1), 187(1) , 143(1) 176 This study YDR044W HEM13 2 43(1) , 38(1) 75, 52, 48 , 47 ( 75 ) YEL009C GCN4 c 5 603(1), 586(2) , 575(2) 591 , 574 ( 45 ) YGL187C COX4 d...”
- Molecular basis for anaerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on xylose, investigated by global gene expression and metabolic flux analysis
Sonderegger, Applied and environmental microbiology 2004 - “...1.7 2.4 1.3 CYT1 YOR065W 1.6 2.1 2 HEM13 RHR2 THR1 YDR044W YIL053W YHR025W 1.6 1.8 1.4 2.6 2.1 2.2 1.1 1.7 1.3 YER069W 1.9 1.6 2.4 YMR062C YOL064C 1.1 1.5 1.2...”
- More
- Knockout of the Hmt1p Arginine Methyltransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Leads to the Dysregulation of Phosphate-associated Genes and Processes
Chia, Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 2018 - “...4.31E-02 8.5% 3.6% 33.4% 12.0% 4.8% 12.6% Hem13p P11353 Fsh1p Bat2p P38777 P47176 Lsb5p Lrg1p YJR029W* Lac1p Dbp10p Hxt3p P25369 P35688 P47100 P28496 Q12389...”
Q70W35 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Kluyveromyces lactis (see paper)
XP_455911 coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Kluyveromyces lactis
43% identity, 80% coverage
Q9S7V1 coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
XP_001701729 uncharacterized protein from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
44% identity, 81% coverage
NCU01546 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Neurospora crassa OR74A
44% identity, 72% coverage
- Sensing of H2O2-induced oxidative stress by the UPF factor complex is crucial for activation of catalase-3 expression in Neurospora
Shen, PLoS genetics 2023 - “...for heme synthesis genes expression in the upf mutants, the high basal expressions, especially for NCU01546 genes, may be able to maintain a huge reserve pool of heme in the cells ( S5 Table ). These results suggest that H 2 O 2 -triggered UPF inhibition...”
- The Zn(II)2Cys6-Type Transcription Factor ADA-6 Regulates Conidiation, Sexual Development, and Oxidative Stress Response in Neurospora crassa
Sun, Frontiers in microbiology 2019 - “...those in wild type. These 13 DGEs include three oxidase encoding genes (NCU06402, NCU04983 and NCU01546), two peroxidase encoding genes ( cat-3 and NCU10051), two dehydrogenase encoding genes (NCU09798 and NCU01754), and two hydrolase encoding genes (NCU01720 and NCU05969), etc. ( Table 2 ). FIGURE 2...”
- “...in other oxidation-reduction process NCU01104 ATP-dependent RNA helicase MSS116 5.6171 7.3674 6.1332 6.4801 10.3741 27.1635 NCU01546 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 972.8109 637.7059 85.5117 958.0831 314.1893 20.422 NCU01720 glycoside hydrolase 161.6695 106.5222 53.2707 151.4619 97.1703 13.9335 NCU01754 adh-1 , alcohol dehydrogenase-1 4265.2542 2337.2632 287.2989 3179.784 681.5673 175.516 NCU01853...”
AFUA_1G07480, Afu1g07480 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
45% identity, 60% coverage
- Resistance mechanism and proteins in Aspergillus species against antifungal agents
Shishodia, Mycology 2019 - “...was up-regulated under AmB exposure (Gautam et al. 2008 ) Also, increased abundance of Hem13 (AFUA_1G07480), a heme biosynthetic protein on AmB exposure reflects the need of more heme-molecules; it acts as cofactor and prerequisite for the ergosterol biosynthesis. Most of the iron enzyme lost their...”
- The Transcription Factor ZafA Regulates the Homeostatic and Adaptive Response to Zinc Starvation in Aspergillus fumigatus
Vicentefranqueira, Genes 2018 - “...AFUA_1G03150 DZR erg24A 49.9 7.0 2.0 0.2 Repression AFUA_1G04620 IZR - 4.9 0.4 1.9 0.2 AFUA_1G07480 NZR hem13 6.0 0.8 1.6 0.1 IZR AFUA_1G10060 NZR - 3.1 0.2 1.2 0.1 AFUA_1G10080 DZR zafA 31.5 3.0 21582 4316 Induction AFUA_1G10130 NZR sahA 1.9 0.1 1.1 0.1 AFUA_1G12830...”
- Investigation of Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm formation by various "omics" approaches
Muszkieta, Frontiers in microbiology 2013 - “...ratio of biofilm/planctonic conditions c 1 AFUA_1G05340 38 40s ribosomal protein S19 0.43 4.21 2 AFUA_1G07480 15 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 0.39 3 AFUA_1G12890 20 Probable 60s ribosomal protein l5 0.40 22 0.40 4 AFUA_1G14120 11 Nuclear segregation protein (Bfr1) 0.47 5 AFUA_1G16840 32 TCTP family protein...”
- Transcriptional and proteomic analysis of the Aspergillus fumigatus ΔprtT protease-deficient mutant
Hagag, PloS one 2012 - “...oxidoreductase, putative 7.7 AFUA_5G03930 alcohol dehydrogenase, putative 3.8 AFUA_6G13790 monooxigenase 3.6 AFUA_7G02010 hypothetical protein 3.6 AFUA_1G07480 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, 3.3 AFUA_4G08710 short chain dehydrogenase, 3.2 Cytochrome C oxidoreductase activity P =0.008 AFUA_3G06190 Cytochrome c oxidase subunit Via 2.6 AFUA_3G14440 cytochrome c oxidase family 2.6 AFUA_2G03010 cytochrome...”
- Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus on exposure to amphotericin B
Gautam, Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2008 - “...Function(s) Ergosterol biosynthesis Heme biosynthesis Afu1g07480 Afu1g07480 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Porphyrin...”
- Sub-telomere directed gene expression during initiation of invasive aspergillosis
McDonagh, PLoS pathogens 2008 - “...4.8541282 Afu3g03350 nonribosomal peptide synthase (sidE) 4.401905784 Afu4g09190 S-adenosyl-methionine-sterol-C- methyltransferase 4.0089025 Afu3g01360 siderochrome-iron transporter 4.300123651 Afu1g07480 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 5.2921431 Afu1g17270 ferric-chelate reductase (Fre2) 2.435558859 Afu5g06270 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase 2.6644565 Afu1g17200 nonribosomal peptide synthase (sidC) 2.128197751 Afu5g07750 ferrochelatase precursor 2.6144266 Afu8g01310 metalloreductase (FRE1) 3.016960611 Afu6g07670 cytochrome...”
- “...both 14-alpha sterol demethylase Cyp51A-encoding genes (Afu4g06890 and Afu7g03740) and a coproporphyrinogen III oxidase homologue (Afu1g07480). Oxygen depletion was achieved by transfer of A. fumigatus hyphae, following 16 hour growth in rich medium, to anaerobic chambers containing two palladium catalysts. We were unable to correlate gene...”
G3XZT7 coproporphyrinogen oxidase (EC 1.3.3.3) from Aspergillus niger (see paper)
44% identity, 61% coverage
An07g10040 uncharacterized protein from Aspergillus niger
44% identity, 61% coverage
CNAG_02460 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii H99
41% identity, 70% coverage
- The Monothiol Glutaredoxin Grx4 Regulates Iron Homeostasis and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
Attarian, mBio 2018 - “...-oxidoreductase 2.55 0.94 1.99 1.20 Heme biosynthesis CNAG_01721 HEM3 Porphobilinogen deaminase 0.15 2.62 1.71 0.22 CNAG_02460 HEM13 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase 0.39 0.82 0.27 1.16 CNAG_03939 HEM1 5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase 0.19 2.52 1.10 0.42 CNAG_03187 HEM14 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 0.92 0.45 0.45 0.91 CNAG_01908 HEM4 Uroporphyrinogen-III synthase 0.04...”
- Proteogenomic analysis of pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans using high resolution mass spectrometry
Nagarajha, Clinical proteomics 2014 - “...example of exon extension through identification of peptides mapping to intron and exonintron junction of CNAG_02460. The current annotation of CNAG_02460 comprises 4 exons. We identified 19 peptides mapping to first and second exon of CNAG_02460. From GSSP analysis, we found one peptide mapping to junction...”
- “...exon intron junctions A) GSSPs mapped to intronic (YVEFNLVYDR) and exon intron junction (FGLNTPGAR) of CNAG_02460. Based on comparative genomics and predicted models, annotated exon boundaries of CNAG_02460 were revised. B) Representative MS/MS spectrum of intronic peptide is provided. Click here for file Additional file 8:...”
CNBE0930 hypothetical protein from Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans B-3501A
41% identity, 88% coverage
RSP_0682 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1
43% identity, 90% coverage
- Coproporphyrin excretion and low thiol levels caused by point mutation in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides S-adenosylmethionine synthetase gene
Sabaty, Journal of bacteriology 2010 - “...R. sphaeroides 2.4.1, a single gene, hemF (RSP_0682), encodes the aerobic coproporphyrinogen oxidase, while two genes encode anaerobic coproporphyrinogen...”
- The tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway and its regulation in Rhodobacter capsulatus
Zappa, Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2010 - “...species R. sphaeroides that contains one hemF and three hemN genes (locus tags in img.jgi.doe.gov: RSP_0682, RSP_0699, RSP_1224, RSP_0317). HemN contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster for catalysis and requires S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) as a cofactor or co-substrate. As such, this enzyme belongs to a family of radical SAM...”
WP_012151472 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Rickettsia rickettsii str. Morgan
41% identity, 88% coverage
- Acquisition of exogenous haem is essential for tick reproduction
Perner, eLife 2016 - “...represents a distance of 0.05 substitutions per site. R. ricketsii ( Rickettsia rickettsii , bacteria, WP_012151472), E. coli ( Escherichia coli , bacteria, WP_001625620), T. castaneum ( Tribolium castaneum , red flour beetle, XP_008201513), C. gigas ( Crassostrea gigas , pacific oyster, EKC32626), H. sapiens (...”
Wbm0709 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Wolbachia endosymbiont strain TRS of Brugia malayi
WBM_RS04335 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Wolbachia endosymbiont strain TRS of Brugia malayi
42% identity, 86% coverage
- Dual RNAseq analyses at soma and germline levels reveal evolutionary innovations in the elephantiasis-agent Brugia malayi, and adaptation of its Wolbachia endosymbionts
Chevignon, PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021 - “...WBM0666 WBM_RS04035 dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase 4 832,3 779,8 1198,8 0,09 0,9995 -0,53 0,1120 -0,62 0,0216 37 WBM0709 WBM_RS04335 coprophyrinogen III oxidase 4 773,9 767,6 803,7 0,01 0,9995 -0,05 0,9936 -0,06 0,9727 18 WBM0277 WBM_RS01625 calcineurin-like phopshodiesterase 4 751,0 863,2 639,4 -0,20 0,9995 0,23 0,9936 0,44 0,4376 20...”
- Identification of putative effectors of the Type IV secretion system from the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Brugia malayi
Carpinone, PloS one 2018 - “...Bm , 4 WBM0672 hypothetical protein Bm , U WBM0193 hypothetical, tropomyosin-like Bm , E WBM0709 coprophyrinogen III oxidase 4 WBM0209 pyruvate phosphate dikinase Bm WBM0711 DNA recombination rmuC -like S, Bm , 4 WBM0213 hypothetical protein E, U WBM0736 secreted FK506 binding protein-like Bm WBM0222...”
- Dual RNAseq analyses at soma and germline levels reveal evolutionary innovations in the elephantiasis-agent Brugia malayi, and adaptation of its Wolbachia endosymbionts
Chevignon, PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021 - “...WBM_RS04035 dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase 4 832,3 779,8 1198,8 0,09 0,9995 -0,53 0,1120 -0,62 0,0216 37 WBM0709 WBM_RS04335 coprophyrinogen III oxidase 4 773,9 767,6 803,7 0,01 0,9995 -0,05 0,9936 -0,06 0,9727 18 WBM0277 WBM_RS01625 calcineurin-like phopshodiesterase 4 751,0 863,2 639,4 -0,20 0,9995 0,23 0,9936 0,44 0,4376 20 WBM0287...”
RT0874 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Rickettsia typhi str. wilmington
40% identity, 90% coverage
- Genome-wide screen for temperature-regulated genes of the obligate intracellular bacterium, Rickettsia typhi
Dreher-Lesnick, BMC microbiology 2008 - “...(0.6, 0.8, 0.3) RT0077* nucleoside diphosphate kinase [Rickettsia typhi str. Wilmington] 0.5 (0.6, 0.5, 0.5) RT0874 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase [Rickettsia typhi str. Wilmington] 0.5 (0.7, 0.7, 0.3) RT0325* rickettsial conserved hypothetical protein [Rickettsia typhi str. Wilmington] 0.6 (0.6, 0.8, 0.4) RT0426 rickettsial conserved hypothetical protein [Rickettsia...”
NT01EI_1236 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Edwardsiella ictaluri 93-146
59% identity, 55% coverage
CC0506 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, aerobic from Caulobacter crescentus CB15
42% identity, 90% coverage
XP_005247182 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial isoform X1 from Homo sapiens
42% identity, 59% coverage
- TMEM106B and CPOX are genetic determinants of cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease biomarker levels.
Hong, Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: TMEM106B and CPOX are genetic determinants of cerebrospinal fluid Alzheimer's disease biomarker levels.
- Acute hepatic porphyrias: Identification of 46 hydroxymethylbilane synthase, 11 coproporphyrinogen oxidase, and 20 protoporphyrinogen oxidase novel mutations.
Loskove, Molecular genetics and metabolism 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Mount Sinai Porphyrias Diagnostic Laboratory diagnosed 29 unrelated Hereditary Coproporphyria individuals with 11 previously unreported CPOX mutations.
- The enzyme engineering of mutant homodimer and heterodimer of coproporphyinogen oxidase contributes to new insight into hereditary coproporphyria and harderoporphyria.
Kim, Journal of biochemistry 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The monomer form of mutated CPOX did not show any activity and homodimeric enzymes derived from Hereditary coproporphyria (HCP) mutant showed low activity (<20% of the control).
- Identification of an AluY-mediated deletion of exon 5 in the CPOX gene by MLPA analysis in patients with hereditary coproporphyria.
Barbaro, Clinical genetics 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Deletion of the fifth exon in the CPOX gene is associated with hereditary coproporphyria.
- Normal and abnormal heme biosynthesis. Part 7. Synthesis and metabolism of coproporphyrinogen-III analogues with acetate or butyrate side chains on rings C and D. Development of a modified model for the active site of coproporphyrinogen oxidase.
Lash, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: competitive action of both uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase and CPO on the same diacetate porphyrinogen substrate provides additional perspectives on the potential existence of abnormal pathways for heme biosynthesis
- [Polymorphism of TNF gene and CPOX gene in chemical industry workers].
, Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: CPOX polymorphisms are associated with biological media contamination and apoptosis disorders.
- Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes influence AIDS progression.
Hendrickson, PloS one 2010 - GeneRIF: Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
- Four novel mutations of the coproporphyrinogen III oxidase gene.
Aurizi, Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) 2009 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Three of the novel missense mutations and one frameshift mutation was detected in coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPO) gene in five Italian patients affected by Hereditary Coproporphyria (HCP).
- More
CLIBASIA_04875 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus str. psy62
39% identity, 85% coverage
RPA1514 putative coproporphyrinogen III oxidase precursor from Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009
41% identity, 86% coverage
Ecaj_0446 Coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Ehrlichia canis str. Jake
37% identity, 90% coverage
XP_014771663 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase isoform X1 from Octopus bimaculoides
42% identity, 67% coverage
- Colorful seashells: Identification of haem pathway genes associated with the synthesis of porphyrin shell color in marine snails
Williams, Ecology and evolution 2017 - “...(gastropod) a XP_005105887 UROD_CIMS_like protein superfamily CPOX transcripts Calliostoma_zizyphinum_mantle_c25229_g1_i1 Oxygendependent coproporphyrinogenIII oxidaselike Octopus bimaculoides (octopus) XP_014771663 Calliostoma_zizyphinum_mantle_c29010_g1_i1 CoproporphyrinogenIII oxidase Mizuhopecten yessoensis (bivalve) OWF48267 Coprogen oxidase superfamily Calliostoma_zizyphinum_mantle_c70732_g1_i1 CoproporphyrinogenIII oxidase Opisthorchis viverrini (platyhelminth) b OON21227 Coprogen oxidase superfamily Clanculus_pharaonius_mantle_c57098_g1_i1 Oxygendependent coproporphyrinogenIII oxidaselike Octopus bimaculoides (octopus) XP_014771663 PPOX...”
B488_08410 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Liberibacter crescens BT-1
38% identity, 90% coverage
CKC_03595 oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen oxidase from Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum CLso-ZC1
37% identity, 85% coverage
PF3D7_1142400, XP_001348105 coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase from Plasmodium falciparum 3D7
27% identity, 51% coverage
- Deconvoluting heme biosynthesis to target blood-stage malaria parasites
Sigala, eLife 2015 - “...red. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09143.015 10.7554/eLife.09143.016 Figure 2figure supplement 4. Disruption of the P. falciparum CPO gene (PF3D7_1142400) by single-crossover homologous recombination. ( A ) Schematic depiction of the CPO gene locus before and after incorporation of the donor plasmid via single-crossover recombination. Red arrows indicate the primers...”
- “...Mountain View, CA, USA). For episomal expression of P. falciparum ALA dehydratase (PF3D7_1440300) and CPO (PF3D7_1142400) fused to a C-terminal GFP tag (ALAD-GFP and CPO-GFP), cDNA inserts encoding the complete ALAD and CPO genes (exons only) were reverse transcription (RT)-PCR amplified from total parasite RNA using...”
- Characterization of coproporphyrinogen III oxidase in Plasmodium falciparum cytosol.
Nagaraj, Parasitology international 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The cytosolic presence of PfCPO provides evidence for a hybrid heme-biosynthetic pathway in the malarial parasite.
Q9FEX6 Putative lectin (Fragment) from Hordeum vulgare
59% identity, 32% coverage
AT4G03205 coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, putative / coproporphyrinogenase, putative / coprogen oxidase, putative from Arabidopsis thaliana
Q93Z96 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 2, chloroplastic from Arabidopsis thaliana
42% identity, 44% coverage
- Review: the effect of light on the key pigment compounds of photosensitive etiolated tea plant
Yue, Botanical studies 2021 - “...III decarboxylase UROD HEME1 At2g40490 HEME2 At3g14930 7 Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase CPOX HEMF1 At1g03475 HEMF2 At4g03205 8 Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase PPOX HEMG1 At5g14220 HEMG2 At4g01690 9 Magnesium chelatase H subunit CHLH (GUN5) CHLH At5g13630 Magnesium chelatase I subunit CHLI CHLI1 At4g18490 Magnesium chelatase D subunit CHLD...”
- Genetic Mapping of a Light-Dependent Lesion Mimic Mutant Reveals the Function of Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase Homolog in Soybean
Ma, Frontiers in plant science 2020 - “...), Trifolium pretense ( Tp57577 TGAC v2 gene35901 ), and Arabidopsis thaliana ( AT1G03475 ; AT4G03205 ). (B) Synteny diagram plot of the genes surrounding the GmLMM2 gene. (C) Expression pattern of GmLMM2 in different tissues of Williams 82 (WT). (D) GmLMM2 localized to the chloroplasts....”
- Light Regulates the Cytokinin-Dependent Cold Stress Responses in Arabidopsis
Prerostova, Frontiers in plant science 2020 - “...a decrease was found also for multiple ribosomal proteins, enzymes of porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism (AT4G03205, AT4G03205), thioredoxin X (AT1G50320), and a protein involved in multivesicular body formation CHMP1A (charged multivesicular body protein/chromatin modifying protein 1A, AT1G73030). Proteome Changes in Summary The modulation of CK pool...”
- Transcriptional programming during cell wall maturation in the expanding Arabidopsis stem
Hall, BMC plant biology 2013 - “...oxidase 7.5 1.9E-02 AT1G72430 Auxin responsive SAUR protein 8.0 3.2E-02 AT4G23496 SPIRAL1-LIKE5 (SP1L5) 8.1 4.7E-02 AT4G03205 SOUL heme-binding family protein 8.1 1.9E-02 AT1G67865 unknown protein 8.2 3.4E-02 AT4G26320 ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN 13 (AGP13) 8.8 1.9E-02 AT3G19710 BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINOTRANSFERASE4 (BCAT4) 9.6 1.5E-02 AT5G48560 basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family protein...”
- “...LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN 1 (LTP1) 4.7 2.8E-02 AT3G16240 DELTA TONOPLAST INTEGRAL PROTEIN (DELTA-TIP) 4.7 2.2E-02 AT4G03205 coproporphyrinogen oxidase activity in porphyrin biosynthetic process within chloroplast 4.4 3.9E-02 AT3G48970 copper-binding family protein in metal ion transport 4.3 4.9E-02 AT1G75900 family II extracellular lipase 3 (EXL3), carboxylesterase activity,...”
- Computational prediction of miRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana
Adai, Genome research 2005 - “...additional two loci were found for two other SRPFs (At4g03205 and At1g03475), as well as transcripts encoding an (MIR164 and MIR170/171). The largest number of...”
- “...uaaUACCCGAACCCGAACCGAUacc Predicted miRNA sequencec At4g03205 At1g03475 At5g07280 At1g60720 At1g56130 At1g61520 At1g27340JR At1g10200 At4g24850/60*...”
- Commonalities and specialties in photosynthetic functions of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 variants in Arabidopsis
Penzler, Plant physiology 2022 - “...CCB2 Cofactor Assembly of Complex C subunit B 0.668 6.62 E 03 Chlorophyll biosynthesis Q9LR75; Q93Z96 HEMF1; 2 Coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase 1; 2 1.504 2.04 E 02 Q9FNB0 CHLH Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlH 1.600 1.85 E 02 P16127 CHLI Magnesium-chelatase subunit ChlI-1 1.885 7.40 E 03 Q43316 HEMC...”
For advice on how to use these tools together, see
Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.
The PaperBLAST database links 793,807 different protein sequences to 1,259,118 scientific articles. Searches against EuropePMC were last performed on March 13 2025.
PaperBLAST builds a database of protein sequences that are linked
to scientific articles. These links come from automated text searches
against the articles in EuropePMC
and from manually-curated information from GeneRIF, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
BRENDA,
CAZy (as made available by dbCAN),
BioLiP,
CharProtDB,
MetaCyc,
EcoCyc,
TCDB,
REBASE,
the Fitness Browser,
and a subset of the European Nucleotide Archive with the /experiment tag.
Given this database and a protein sequence query,
PaperBLAST uses protein-protein BLAST
to find similar sequences with E < 0.001.
To build the database, we query EuropePMC with locus tags, with RefSeq protein
identifiers, and with UniProt
accessions. We obtain the locus tags from RefSeq or from MicrobesOnline. We use
queries of the form "locus_tag AND genus_name" to try to ensure that
the paper is actually discussing that gene. Because EuropePMC indexes
most recent biomedical papers, even if they are not open access, some
of the links may be to papers that you cannot read or that our
computers cannot read. We query each of these identifiers that
appears in the open access part of EuropePMC, as well as every locus
tag that appears in the 500 most-referenced genomes, so that a gene
may appear in the PaperBLAST results even though none of the papers
that mention it are open access. We also incorporate text-mined links
from EuropePMC that link open access articles to UniProt or RefSeq
identifiers. (This yields some additional links because EuropePMC
uses different heuristics for their text mining than we do.)
For every article that mentions a locus tag, a RefSeq protein
identifier, or a UniProt accession, we try to select one or two
snippets of text that refer to the protein. If we cannot get access to
the full text, we try to select a snippet from the abstract, but
unfortunately, unique identifiers such as locus tags are rarely
provided in abstracts.
PaperBLAST also incorporates manually-curated protein functions:
- Proteins from NCBI's RefSeq are included if a
GeneRIF
entry links the gene to an article in
PubMed®.
GeneRIF also provides a short summary of the article's claim about the
protein, which is shown instead of a snippet.
- Proteins from Swiss-Prot (the curated part of UniProt)
are included if the curators
identified experimental evidence for the protein's function (evidence
code ECO:0000269). For these proteins, the fields of the Swiss-Prot entry that
describe the protein's function are shown (with bold headings).
- Proteins from BRENDA,
a curated database of enzymes, are included if they are linked to a paper in PubMed
and their full sequence is known.
- Every protein from the non-redundant subset of
BioLiP,
a database
of ligand-binding sites and catalytic residues in protein structures, is included. Since BioLiP itself
does not include descriptions of the proteins, those are taken from the
Protein Data Bank.
Descriptions from PDB rely on the original submitter of the
structure and cannot be updated by others, so they may be less reliable.
(For SitesBLAST and Sites on a Tree, we use a larger subset of BioLiP so that every
ligand is represented among a group of structures with similar sequences, but for
PaperBLAST, we use the non-redundant set provided by BioLiP.)
- Every protein from EcoCyc, a curated
database of the proteins in Escherichia coli K-12, is included, regardless
of whether they are characterized or not.
- Proteins from the MetaCyc metabolic pathway database
are included if they are linked to a paper in PubMed and their full sequence is known.
- Proteins from the Transport Classification Database (TCDB)
are included if they have known substrate(s), have reference(s),
and are not described as uncharacterized or putative.
(Some of the references are not visible on the PaperBLAST web site.)
- Every protein from CharProtDB,
a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations, is included.
- Proteins from the CAZy database of carbohydrate-active enzymes
are included if they are associated with an Enzyme Classification number.
Even though CAZy does not provide links from individual protein sequences to papers,
these should all be experimentally-characterized proteins.
- Proteins from the REBASE database
of restriction enzymes are included if they have known specificity.
- Every protein with an evidence-based reannotation (based on mutant phenotypes)
in the Fitness Browser is included.
- Sequence-specific transcription factors (including sigma factors and DNA-binding response regulators)
with experimentally-determined DNA binding sites from the
PRODORIC database of gene regulation in prokaryotes.
- Putative transcription factors from RegPrecise
that have manually-curated predictions for their binding sites. These predictions are based on
conserved putative regulatory sites across genomes that contain similar transcription factors,
so PaperBLAST clusters the TFs at 70% identity and retains just one member of each cluster.
- Coding sequence (CDS) features from the
European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
are included if the /experiment tag is set (implying that there is experimental evidence for the annotation),
the nucleotide entry links to paper(s) in PubMed,
and the nucleotide entry is from the STD data class
(implying that these are targeted annotated sequences, not from shotgun sequencing).
Also, to filter out genes whose transcription or translation was detected, but whose function
was not studied, nucleotide entries or papers with more than 25 such proteins are excluded.
Descriptions from ENA rely on the original submitter of the
sequence and cannot be updated by others, so they may be less reliable.
Except for GeneRIF and ENA,
the curated entries include a short curated
description of the protein's function.
For entries from BioLiP, the protein's function may not be known beyond binding to the ligand.
Many of these entries also link to articles in PubMed.
For more information see the
PaperBLAST paper (mSystems 2017)
or the code.
You can download PaperBLAST's database here.
Changes to PaperBLAST since the paper was written:
- November 2023: incorporated PRODORIC and RegPrecise. Many PRODORIC entries were not linked to a protein sequence (no UniProt identifier), so we added this information.
- February 2023: BioLiP changed their download format. PaperBLAST now includes their non-redundant subset. SitesBLAST and Sites on a Tree use a larger non-redundant subset that ensures that every ligand is represented within each cluster. This should ensure that every binding site is represented.
- June 2022: incorporated some coding sequences from ENA with the /experiment tag.
- March 2022: incorporated BioLiP.
- April 2020: incorporated TCDB.
- April 2019: EuropePMC now returns table entries in their search results. This has expanded PaperBLAST's database, but most of the new entries are of low relevance, and the resulting snippets are often just lists of locus tags with annotations.
- February 2018: the alignment page reports the conservation of the hit's functional sites (if available from from Swiss-Prot or UniProt)
- January 2018: incorporated BRENDA.
- December 2017: incorporated MetaCyc, CharProtDB, CAZy, REBASE, and the reannotations from the Fitness Browser.
- September 2017: EuropePMC no longer returns some table entries in their search results. This has shrunk PaperBLAST's database, but has also reduced the number of low-relevance hits.
Many of these changes are described in Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.
PaperBLAST cannot provide snippets for many of the papers that are
published in non-open-access journals. This limitation applies even if
the paper is marked as "free" on the publisher's web site and is
available in PubmedCentral or EuropePMC. If a journal that you publish
in is marked as "secret," please consider publishing elsewhere.
Many important articles are missing from PaperBLAST, either because
the article's full text is not in EuropePMC (as for many older
articles), or because the paper does not mention a protein identifier such as a locus tag, or because of PaperBLAST's heuristics. If you notice an
article that characterizes a protein's function but is missing from
PaperBLAST, please notify the curators at UniProt
or add an entry to GeneRIF.
Entries in either of these databases will eventually be incorporated
into PaperBLAST. Note that to add an entry to UniProt, you will need
to find the UniProt identifier for the protein. If the protein is not
already in UniProt, you can ask them to create an entry. To add an
entry to GeneRIF, you will need an NCBI Gene identifier, but
unfortunately many prokaryotic proteins in RefSeq do not have
corresponding Gene identifers.
References
PaperBLAST: Text-mining papers for information about homologs.
M. N. Price and A. P. Arkin (2017). mSystems, 10.1128/mSystems.00039-17.
Europe PMC in 2017.
M. Levchenko et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx1005.
Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.
J. A. Mitchell et al (2003). AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003:460-464.
UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
The UniProt Consortium (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1099.
BRENDA in 2017: new perspectives and new tools in BRENDA.
S. Placzek et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw952.
The EcoCyc database: reflecting new knowledge about Escherichia coli K-12.
I. M. Keeseler et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1003.
The MetaCyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.
R. Caspi et al (2018). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx935.
CharProtDB: a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations.
R. Madupu et al (2012). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkr1133.
The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013.
V. Lombard et al (2014). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkt1178.
The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances
M. H. Saier, Jr. et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkv1103.
REBASE - a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes.
R. J. Roberts et al (2015). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gku1046.
Deep annotation of protein function across diverse bacteria from mutant phenotypes.
M. N. Price et al (2016). bioRxiv, 10.1101/072470.
by Morgan Price,
Arkin group
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory