PaperBLAST
PaperBLAST Hits for 93 a.a. (GPRTRKLKKK...)
Show query sequence
>93 a.a. (GPRTRKLKKK...)
GPRTRKLKKKKNEKEDKRPRTAFTAEQLQRLKAEFQANRYITEQRRQTLAQELSLNESQI
KIWFQNKRAKIKKATGIKNGLALHLMAQGLYNH
Running BLASTp...
Found 251 similar proteins in the literature:
HME1_MOUSE / P09065 Homeobox protein engrailed-1; Homeobox protein en-1; Mo-En-1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_034263 homeobox protein engrailed-1 from Mus musculus
100% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Required for proper formation of the apical ectodermal ridge and correct dorsal-ventral patterning in the limb.
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Msx4 (OlMsx4, BAA88311); human Gbx1 (hGbx1, Q14549) and mouse Gbx2 (mGbx2; P48031); mouse engrailed1 (mEn1, P09065); mouse engrailed2 (mEn2, P09066); mouse HB9 (mHB9, NP064328). Sequences from other organisms were omitted as the full set of genes is not available or the homeobox is not fully sequenced....”
- Differential modularity of the mammalian Engrailed 1 enhancer network directs sweat gland development.
Aldea, PLoS genetics 2023 - GeneRIF: Differential modularity of the mammalian Engrailed 1 enhancer network directs sweat gland development.
- Conditional loss of Engrailed1/2 in Atoh1-derived excitatory cerebellar nuclear neurons impairs eupneic respiration in mice.
Taylor, Genes, brain, and behavior 2022 - GeneRIF: Conditional loss of Engrailed1/2 in Atoh1-derived excitatory cerebellar nuclear neurons impairs eupneic respiration in mice.
- EN1 Regulates Cell Growth and Proliferation in Human Glioma Cells via Hedgehog Signaling.
Chang, International journal of molecular sciences 2022 - GeneRIF: EN1 Regulates Cell Growth and Proliferation in Human Glioma Cells via Hedgehog Signaling.
- Preventing Engrailed-1 activation in fibroblasts yields wound regeneration without scarring.
Mascharak, Science (New York, N.Y.) 2021 - GeneRIF: Preventing Engrailed-1 activation in fibroblasts yields wound regeneration without scarring.
- Engrailed 1 coordinates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
Györfi, The Journal of experimental medicine 2021 - GeneRIF: Engrailed 1 coordinates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
- Genetic targeting of adult Renshaw cells using a Calbindin 1 destabilized Cre allele for intersection with Parvalbumin or Engrailed1.
Lane, Scientific reports 2021 - GeneRIF: Genetic targeting of adult Renshaw cells using a Calbindin 1 destabilized Cre allele for intersection with Parvalbumin or Engrailed1.
- Loss of One Engrailed1 Allele Enhances Induced α-Synucleinopathy.
Chatterjee, Journal of Parkinson's disease 2019 - GeneRIF: Following intrastriatal injection of pre-formed alpha-synuclein fibrils, absence of an En1 allele leads to additional aggregation of pathological alpha-syn, potentially due to En1-loss mediated nigrostriatal impairment
- Engrailed homeoprotein blocks degeneration in adult dopaminergic neurons through LINE-1 repression.
Blaudin, The EMBO journal 2018 - GeneRIF: LINE-1 overexpression triggers oxidative stress-induced DNA strand breaks and that an Engrailed-1 adult function is to protect mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons through the repression of LINE-1 expression.
- More
HME1_HUMAN / Q05925 Homeobox protein engrailed-1; Homeobox protein en-1; Hu-En-1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_001417 homeobox protein engrailed-1 from Homo sapiens
100% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Required for proper formation of the apical ectodermal ridge and correct dorsal-ventral patterning in the limb.
- Engrailed-1 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis.
Xu, Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) 2024 - GeneRIF: Engrailed-1 Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis.
- The osteoporosis susceptibility SNP rs188303909 at 2q14.2 regulates EN1 expression by modulating DNA methylation and E2F6 binding.
Wang, Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The osteoporosis susceptibility SNP rs188303909 at 2q14.2 regulates EN1 expression by modulating DNA methylation and E2F6 binding.
- TGFβ-induced EN1 promotes tumor budding of adenoid cystic carcinoma in patient-derived organoid model.
Hui, International journal of cancer 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: TGFbeta-induced EN1 promotes tumor budding of adenoid cystic carcinoma in patient-derived organoid model.
- [En1 promotes cell proliferation and migration via Hedgehog signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].
Zhao, Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology] 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: [En1 promotes cell proliferation and migration via Hedgehog signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].
- EN1 Regulates Cell Growth and Proliferation in Human Glioma Cells via Hedgehog Signaling.
Chang, International journal of molecular sciences 2022 - GeneRIF: EN1 Regulates Cell Growth and Proliferation in Human Glioma Cells via Hedgehog Signaling.
- Homeobox transcription factor engrailed homeobox 1 is a possible diagnostic marker for adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma.
Baba, Pathology international 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Homeobox transcription factor engrailed homeobox 1 is a possible diagnostic marker for adenoid cystic carcinoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma.
- Repeated mutation of a developmental enhancer contributed to human thermoregulatory evolution.
Aldea, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2021 - GeneRIF: Repeated mutation of a developmental enhancer contributed to human thermoregulatory evolution.
- Engrailed 1 coordinates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
Györfi, The Journal of experimental medicine 2021 - GeneRIF: Engrailed 1 coordinates cytoskeletal reorganization to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
- More
P09015 Homeobox protein engrailed-2a from Danio rerio
NP_571119 homeobox protein engrailed-2a from Danio rerio
87% identity, 35% coverage
NP_001095213 homeobox protein engrailed-2-A from Xenopus laevis
88% identity, 35% coverage
P52730 Homeobox protein engrailed-2-B from Xenopus laevis
87% identity, 35% coverage
- Designed Multifunctional Peptides for Intracellular Targets
Juretić, Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 - “...with bold font. The QSLAQELGLNE Sec peptide is a cryptide in engrailed-2 proteins Q05917 (HME2_CHICK), P52730 (HME2B_XENLA), and P09015 (HME2A_DANRE), to mention only the reviewed Swiss-Prot proteins containing that peptide. The human analog of the QSLAQELGLNE peptide contains glycine to serine substitution. Sec and Pen allow...”
NP_571120 homeobox protein engrailed-1a from Danio rerio
83% identity, 40% coverage
NP_034264 homeobox protein engrailed-2 isoform 1 from Mus musculus
P09066 Homeobox protein engrailed-2 from Mus musculus
88% identity, 29% coverage
- Glial cells are affected more than interneurons by the loss of Engrailed 2 gene in the mouse cerebellum.
Lazzarini, Journal of anatomy 2024 - GeneRIF: Glial cells are affected more than interneurons by the loss of Engrailed 2 gene in the mouse cerebellum.
- Alterations of Perineuronal Net Expression and Abnormal Social Behavior and Whisker-dependent Texture Discrimination in Mice Lacking the Autism Candidate Gene Engrailed 2.
Mattioni, Neuroscience 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Alterations of Perineuronal Net Expression and Abnormal Social Behavior and Whisker-dependent Texture Discrimination in Mice Lacking the Autism Candidate Gene Engrailed 2.
- Protein kinase C beta relieves autism-like behavior in EN2 knockout mice via upregulation of the FTO/PGC-1α/UCP1 axis.
Song, Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Protein kinase C beta relieves autism-like behavior in EN2 knockout mice via upregulation of the FTO/PGC-1alpha/UCP1 axis.
- Conditional loss of Engrailed1/2 in Atoh1-derived excitatory cerebellar nuclear neurons impairs eupneic respiration in mice.
Taylor, Genes, brain, and behavior 2022 - GeneRIF: Conditional loss of Engrailed1/2 in Atoh1-derived excitatory cerebellar nuclear neurons impairs eupneic respiration in mice.
- Immune dysfunction in the cerebellum of mice lacking the autism candidate gene Engrailed 2.
Pangrazzi, Journal of neuroimmunology 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Immune dysfunction in the cerebellum of mice lacking the autism candidate gene Engrailed 2.
- Engrailed 2 deficiency and chronic stress alter avoidance and motivation behaviors.
Phan, Behavioural brain research 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Engrailed 2 deficiency and chronic stress alter avoidance and motivation behaviors.
- Morphological alterations of the reticular thalamic nucleus in Engrailed-2 knockout mice.
Pirone, Journal of anatomy 2020 - GeneRIF: Morphological alterations of the reticular thalamic nucleus in Engrailed-2 knockout mice.
- Altered Expression of GABAergic Markers in the Forebrain of Young and Adult Engrailed-2 Knockout Mice.
Provenzano, Genes 2020 - GeneRIF: Altered Expression of GABAergic Markers in the Forebrain of Young and Adult Engrailed-2 Knockout Mice.
- More
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Gbx1 (hGbx1, Q14549) and mouse Gbx2 (mGbx2; P48031); mouse engrailed1 (mEn1, P09065); mouse engrailed2 (mEn2, P09066); mouse HB9 (mHB9, NP064328). Sequences from other organisms were omitted as the full set of genes is not available or the homeobox is not fully sequenced. Trees were constructed using...”
NP_001418 homeobox protein engrailed-2 from Homo sapiens
P19622 Homeobox protein engrailed-2 from Homo sapiens
88% identity, 28% coverage
- Engrailed 2 serves as a master regulator of the super-enhancer in the TNC gene locus in non-small cell lung cancer.
Li, Environmental toxicology 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Engrailed 2 serves as a master regulator of the super-enhancer in the TNC gene locus in non-small cell lung cancer.
- Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Lee, Experimental & molecular medicine 2022 - GeneRIF: Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
- Circular RNA circ_0000467 regulates colorectal cancer development via miR-382-5p/EN2 axis.
Xie, Bioengineered 2021 - GeneRIF: Circular RNA circ_0000467 regulates colorectal cancer development via miR-382-5p/EN2 axis.
- Is Engrailed-2 (EN2) a truly promising biomarker in prostate cancer detection?
Do, Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Urine Engrailed-2 (EN2) has no value as prostate cancer prognostic biomarker.
- Bidirectional transfer of homeoprotein EN2 across the plasma membrane requires PIP2.
Amblard, Journal of cell science 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Bidirectional transfer of homeoprotein EN2 across the plasma membrane requires PIP2.
- Altered staining patterns and expression level of Engrailed-2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate Cancer predict prostatic disease progression.
Li, BMC cancer 2020 - GeneRIF: Altered staining patterns and expression level of Engrailed-2 in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate Cancer predict prostatic disease progression.
- EN2 as an oncogene promotes tumor progression via regulating CCL20 in colorectal cancer.
Li, Cell death & disease 2020 - GeneRIF: EN2 as an oncogene promotes tumor progression via regulating CCL20 in colorectal cancer.
- Membrane insertion and secretion of the Engrailed-2 (EN2) transcription factor by prostate cancer cells may induce antiviral activity in the stroma.
Punia, Scientific reports 2019 - GeneRIF: Membrane insertion and secretion of the Engrailed-2 (EN2) transcription factor by prostate cancer cells may induce antiviral activity in the stroma.
- More
- Aptamer-antibody hybrid ELONA that uses hybridization chain reaction to detect a urinary biomarker EN2 for bladder and prostate cancer.
Kim, Scientific reports 2022 - “...Merck Millipore (USA). Preparation and purification of EN2 The EN2 genes, which corresponds to protein P19622 (UniProtKB database), were amplified using PCR with sequence specific-forward primers including BamHI linker (EFP, 5-CCC GGA TCC ATG GAG GAG AAT GAC CCC AAG C-3) and reverse primers including XhoI...”
- “...manuscript. Data availability The protein sequences used during the study are available in the UniProtKB, P19622. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. References 1. Martin NL Saba-El-Leil MK Sadekova S Meloche S Sauvageau G EN2 is a candidate oncogene in human breast cancer Oncogene...”
- Pi-Pi contacts are an overlooked protein feature relevant to phase separation.
Vernon, eLife 2018 - “...and functions dissimilar from the training set proteins and selected two proteins, human engrailed-2 (UID: P19622, PScore 5.0), a DNA-binding homeobox protein, and the pAP isoform of the Human cytomegalovirus capsid scaffolding protein (UID: P16753-2, PScore 3.8), a protein that plays an essential structural role in...”
- “...35870 M 1 cm 1 . Engrailed-2: The expression and purification steps of engrailed-2 (UID: P19622) from His-SUMO-EN2 were similar to the protocols used for FMR1, but with growth post-induction done for 4 hr at 25C, and addition of a HiTrap SP XL (GE Healthcare) ion...”
- Detection of differential levels of proteins in the urine of patients with endometrial cancer: analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and o-glycan binding lectin.
Mu, International journal of molecular sciences 2012 - “...Membrane bound transcription factor site-1 protease Q14703 Membrane Potential O -linked Homeobox protein engrailed 2 P19622 Nucleus Potential O -linked Actin, cytoplasmic 1 P60709 Cytoplasmic Potential O -linked Neurofilament medium polypeptide P07197 Cytoplasmic O -linked CD55 decay-accelerating factor splicing variant 4 Q14UF3 Membrane Potential O -linked...”
Q05917 Homeobox protein engrailed-2 from Gallus gallus
NP_001254648 homeobox protein engrailed-2 from Gallus gallus
87% identity, 32% coverage
- A cationic motif upstream Engrailed2 homeodomain controls cell internalization through selective interaction with heparan sulfates.
Cardon, Nature communications 2023 - “...of recombinant proteins Regions 200-259 (HD) and 183-259 (ExtHD) of chicken Engrailed2 (Uniprot accession number Q05917) as well as the full-length protein (residues 1-289) were expressed as (His)6-tagged Cherry fusion proteins using pSCherry1 vectors and the E. coli SE1 strain as expression host (Eurogentec, Seraing, Belgium)....”
- Designed Multifunctional Peptides for Intracellular Targets.
Juretić, Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 - “...is highlighted with bold font. The QSLAQELGLNE Sec peptide is a cryptide in engrailed-2 proteins Q05917 (HME2_CHICK), P52730 (HME2B_XENLA), and P09015 (HME2A_DANRE), to mention only the reviewed Swiss-Prot proteins containing that peptide. The human analog of the QSLAQELGLNE peptide contains glycine to serine substitution. Sec and...”
- “...108 ]. Homeoproteins are rich in multifunctional cryptides. For example, let us examine the UNIPROT Q05917 entry and structurally solved PDB 3ZOB sequence 3ZOB_1 with three -helices [ 109 ] for chicken engrailed 2 homeoprotein. The GAG (glycosaminoglycans at the cell surface)-binding sequence P (186) RSRKPKKKNPN...”
- Role of En2 in the tectal laminar formation of chick embryos.
Omi, Development (Cambridge, England) 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: A potential role of En2 in regulating cell migration and positioning in the tectal laminar formation.
Q05916 Homeobox protein engrailed-1 from Gallus gallus
96% identity, 23% coverage
HMEN_DROME / P02836 Segmentation polarity homeobox protein engrailed from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
NP_725059 engrailed, isoform B from Drosophila melanogaster
71% identity, 17% coverage
- function: This protein specifies the body segmentation pattern. It is required for the development of the central nervous system. Transcriptional regulator that represses activated promoters. Wg signaling operates by inactivating the SGG repression of EN autoactivation
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...amphioxus engrailed (AmphiEn, AAB40144); Drosophila msh (Dmmsh, CAA59680); Drosophila distal-less (DmDll, AAB24059); Drosophila engrailed (DmEn, P02836); Drosophila HB9 (DmHB9, NP648164); mouse Dlx1 (mDlx1, Q64317); mouse Dlx2 (mDlx2, P40764); mouse Dlx3 (mDlx3, Q64205); mouse Dlx4 (mDlx4, P70436); mouse Msx1 (mMsx1, P13297); mouse Msx2 (mMsx2, Q03358); mouse Msx3...”
- Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...1407 Giant (P39572) Caudal (P09085) Abdominal-A (P29555) Engrailed (P02836) P62/RM62 (P19109) C/EBP (Q02637) Prospero (P29617) Ss, Ss, Q9, Q5, S17 Q6, Q7, A6,...”
- The activity of engrailed imaginal disc enhancers is modulated epigenetically by chromatin and autoregulation.
Cheng, PLoS genetics 2023 - GeneRIF: The activity of engrailed imaginal disc enhancers is modulated epigenetically by chromatin and autoregulation.
- The Osa-Containing SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Complex Is Required in the Germline Differentiation Niche for Germline Stem Cell Progeny Differentiation.
Hu, Genes 2021 - GeneRIF: The Osa-Containing SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Complex Is Required in the Germline Differentiation Niche for Germline Stem Cell Progeny Differentiation.
- A Distalless-responsive enhancer of the Hox gene Sex combs reduced is required for segment- and sex-specific sensory organ development in Drosophila.
Eksi, PLoS genetics 2018 - GeneRIF: Data show that the Distalless and Engrailed homeodomain transcription factors act through sequences in this enhancer to establish elevated Sex combs reduced (Scr) expression in spatially defined domains.
- Engrailed acts with Nejire to control decapentaplegic expression in the Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche.
Luo, Development (Cambridge, England) 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: En forms a complex with Nejire (Nej), the Drosophila ortholog of histone acetyltransferase CBP/p300, and directs Nej to this cis-regulatory region where Nej functions as the co-activator for dpp expression.
- Engrailed alters the specificity of synaptic connections of Drosophila auditory neurons with the giant fiber.
Pézier, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2014 - GeneRIF: these results suggest that En in Johnston's Organ neurons regulate both neuronal excitability and synaptic connectivity.
- Co-regulation of invected and engrailed by a complex array of regulatory sequences in Drosophila.
Cheng, Developmental biology 2014 - GeneRIF: Data indicate there is redundancy in both regulatory DNA and protein function in invected (inv) and engrailed (en) genes.
- A Hh-driven gene network controls specification, pattern and size of the Drosophila simple eyes.
Aguilar-Hidalgo, Development (Cambridge, England) 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: During development of the Drosophila ocellar complex, engrailed (en) plays a role both as a target and as a transcriptional repressor of hedgehog (hh) signaling in the prospective interocellar region.
- An essential role for zygotic expression in the pre-cellular Drosophila embryo.
Ali-Murthy, PLoS genetics 2013 - GeneRIF: Our studies identified several abnormal phenotypes in live engrailed (en) mutant embryos prior to cycle 8. Nuclei in en embryos divide asynchronously, an abnormality that was detected as early as nuclear cycle 2-3.
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P27609 Segmentation polarity homeobox protein engrailed from Bombyx mori
71% identity, 25% coverage
NP_001037550 segmentation polarity homeobox protein engrailed from Bombyx mori
71% identity, 25% coverage
NP_001034511 engrailed from Tribolium castaneum
68% identity, 28% coverage
P27610 Homeobox protein invected from Bombyx mori
67% identity, 20% coverage
Q9U0S0 Homeobox protein engrailed-like from Periplaneta americana
72% identity, 79% coverage
- In Silico Identification of Potential American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Allergens
Ahmed, Iranian journal of public health 2010 - “...(Fragment) D0UK69 70. Regenectin Q9Y098 71. NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (Fragment) Q9XY39 72. Putative transcription factor Q9U0S0 73. 10 kDa LEG regeneration protein (Fragment) Q9TWV5 74. Beta-1,4-glucanase 1 (Fragment) Q9NCF3 75. Beta-1,4-glucanase 2 (Fragment) Q9NCF2 76. 40S ribosomal protein S12 (Fragment) Q8MTJ6 77. Rab11 (Fragment) Q8MTJ5 78....”
HMIN_DROME / P05527 Homeobox protein invected from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
NP_725057 invected, isoform D from Drosophila melanogaster
74% identity, 14% coverage
HMEN_LYMST / A9ZPC9 Homeobox protein engrailed; Lsten from Lymnaea stagnalis (Great pond snail) (Helix stagnalis) (see paper)
70% identity, 12% coverage
- function: May be involved in shell and shell gland formation during development.
Smp_145200 putative engrailed from Schistosoma mansoni
63% identity, 31% coverage
HM16_CAEEL / P34326 Homeobox protein engrailed-like ceh-16 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see 2 papers)
62% identity, 41% coverage
- function: Transcriptional regulator which binds to DNA to regulate gene expression and promote seam cell development and differentiation during embryogenesis (PubMed:15659483, PubMed:19607822). Plays a role in maintaining the boundaries between the lateral rows of seam cells and the ventral and dorsal row of epidermal cells during embryonic development (PubMed:15659483). Negatively regulates the expression of the fusion effector protein eff-1 to prevent seam cell fusion with the dorsal and ventral epidermal cells during embryonic elongation (PubMed:15659483). Positively regulates seam cell self-renewal and expansion during the L2 larval stage to promote seam cell development (PubMed:19607822). This role does not seem to be via regulation of eff- 1 expression (PubMed:19607822). Specifically, it is required for the asymmetric division of the V5.p seam cell during the L2 larval stage, and in turn the asymmetric nuclear distribution of pop-1 in V5.p daughter cells (PubMed:19607822).
disruption phenotype: Embryonic lethality due to embryos with disorganized epidermal cells, which cause morphological and elongation defects (PubMed:15659483). The seam cells in these embryos abnormally fuse to the syncytial hypodermis during embryonic elongation and ectopically express eff-1 (PubMed:15659483). RNAi-mediated knockdown results in embryonic lethality and embryos exhibit seam cell differentiation defects as indicated by a decrease in expression of early seam cell proteins including elt-5, nhr-73 and nhr-74 (PubMed:15659483).
6m3dC / P02836 X-ray crystal structure of tandemly connected engrailed homeodomains (ehd) with r53a mutations and DNA complex (see paper)
72% identity, 53% coverage
HM12_CAEEL / P17487 Homeobox protein ceh-12 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see 3 papers)
57% identity, 33% coverage
- function: Transcription factor (PubMed:17289921). Plays a role, downstream from homeobox protein unc-4 and Wnt signaling, in specifying synaptic inputs to A-class motor neurons (PubMed:17289921, PubMed:22619391). Involved in patterning of the synaptic outputs of the postmitotic DA class cholinergic motor neurons (PubMed:34388088).
disruption phenotype: Causes abnormal ectopic expression of homeobox protein vab-7 in VB motor neurons (PubMed:17289921). Suppresses the inability to move backward in an unc-4 mutant background (PubMed:17289921, PubMed:22619391). In an unc-4 mutant background, expression of innexin unc-7 in puncta adjacent to VA motor neurons is significantly reduced for posterior neurons, probably as a result of miswiring of gap junctions (PubMed:17289921).
4qtrC Computational design of co-assembling protein-DNA nanowires (see paper)
61% identity, 61% coverage
NKX11_MOUSE / G3UXB3 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1; Homeobox protein SAX-2; NKX-1.1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 3 papers)
NP_035450 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1 from Mus musculus
46% identity, 16% coverage
- function: May be required for the coordinated crosstalk of factors involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, possibly by regulating the transcription of specific factors involved in energy balance.
disruption phenotype: Homozygous knockout mice for Sax2 exhibit growth retardation starting immediately after birth and leading to premature death within the first 3 weeks postnatal. Mice do not exhibit any obvious abnormal behavior or motor skills. All mice show normal suckling behavior, but at 2 or 3 days prior to their death, they become lethargic and show signs of wasting. The few homozygous animals surviving to adulthood are fertile, but all the offspring from homozygous intermatings die within 4 days postnatally (PubMed:14645517, PubMed:17879320). At 2 weeks postnatal days, mice lack subcutaneous fat and intra-abdominal epididymal and mesenteric white adipose tissue (WAT) (PubMed:17879320). - Ablation of Sax2 gene expression prevents diet-induced obesity.
Simon, The FEBS journal 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Sax2 gene expression plays a critical role in diet-induced obesity.
- Homeobox gene Sax2 deficiency causes an imbalance in energy homeostasis.
Simon, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: These data strongly suggest that Sax2 is required for the coordinated crosstalk of factors involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis.
- Postnatal lethality in mice lacking the Sax2 homeobox gene homologous to Drosophila S59/slouch: evidence for positive and negative autoregulation.
Simon, Molecular and cellular biology 2003 - GeneRIF: Sax2 gene expression occurs early during embryogenesis in the midbrain, the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, the ventral neural tube, the developing eye, and the apical ectodermal ridge of the limb.
VAX1_DANRE / Q801E0 Ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
55% identity, 19% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that is required for closure of the choroid fissure and together with Vax2 is required for optic nerve differentiation and to limit retinal development to the optic cup.
NP_001027781 hox4 protein from Ciona intestinalis
52% identity, 19% coverage
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “.../ Cel Nematoda Cel_Hox1 CAA34929 Ciona intestinalis / Cin Chordata Cin_Hox1 NP_001122333 Cin_Hox2 CAD59668 Cin_Hox4 NP_001027781 Cin_Hox5 NP_001027665 Drosophila melanogaster / Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188...”
BARH1_DROME / Q24255 Homeobox protein B-H1; Homeobox protein BarH1 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 5 papers)
NP_523387 BarH1, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
41% identity, 14% coverage
- function: B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5.
- Expression of Distal-less, dachshund, and optomotor blind in Neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida, Nereididae) does not support homology of appendage-forming mechanisms across the Bilateria
Winchell, Development genes and evolution 2010 - “...ACN66454, CAJ38799, P53772, NP_001027820, NP_001123282, AAV85986, AAG41498, NP_571380, NP_001093727, NP_001074359, XP_001638618, NP_005211, Q18273, NP_001158403, CAJ38810, NP_523387, NP_031552. b Gene tree for sequences related to Drosophila dachshund , rooted with Ski and Sno homologs. GenBank accession numbers for the analyzed sequences, in order from top to bottom...”
EGR_00014 Homeobox protein Hox-B4a from Echinococcus granulosus
54% identity, 14% coverage
- Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals immune evasion related genes in Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto
Pereira, Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2024 - “...104 genes with 10 hub genes, being 7 genes with known protein products (EGR_10065, EGR_05327, EGR_00014, EGR_00729, EGR_08745, EGR_01426, EGR_02708) and 3 hypothetical proteins (EGR_05358, EGR_01937, EGR_01669). The MidnightBlue module contains 137 genes with 14 hub genes, 10 of known protein products (EGR_09512, EGR_02298, EGR_03685, EGR_06007,...”
VAX2_DANRE / Q801E1 Ventral anterior homeobox 2 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
NP_919390 ventral anterior homeobox 2 from Danio rerio
56% identity, 19% coverage
XP_015154923 homeobox protein Hox-B4 isoform X1 from Gallus gallus
52% identity, 23% coverage
NP_919391 ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Danio rerio
55% identity, 19% coverage
DFD_DROME / P07548 Homeotic protein deformed from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 3 papers)
NP_477201 deformed from Drosophila melanogaster
52% identity, 11% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Homeotic protein controlling Drosophila head development. Transcriptional activator of the apoptotic activator protein rpr in cells at the maxillary/mandibular boundary.
- Hox Function Is Required for the Development and Maintenance of the Drosophila Feeding Motor Unit.
Friedrich, Cell reports 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dfd controls expression of functional components of synapses, and is critical for the establishment and maintenance of the neuromuscular unit required for feeding behavior.
- Cell-Autonomous and Non-cell-autonomous Function of Hox Genes Specify Segmental Neuroblast Identity in the Gnathal Region of the Embryonic CNS in Drosophila.
Becker, PLoS genetics 2016 - GeneRIF: In conjunction with its receptor Neurotactin (Nrt) and the effector kinase Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl), Ama is necessary in parallel to the cell-autonomous Dfd pathway for the correct specification of the maxillary identity of NB6-4
- The Hox gene Dfd controls organogenesis by shaping territorial border through regulation of basal DE-Cadherin distribution.
Anais, Developmental biology 2015 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hox coordination of tissue morphogenesis relies on boundary fold formation through the modulation of DE-cad positioning
- The cis-regulatory code of Hox function in Drosophila.
Sorge, The EMBO journal 2012 - GeneRIF: Dfd and Ultrabithorax (Ubx), another Hox TF specifying different morphological traits, interact with non-overlapping regions in vivo, despite their similar DNA binding preferences.
- Dissecting the functional specificities of two Hox proteins.
Joshi, Genes & development 2010 - GeneRIF: Study shows that subtle differences in the way Dfd and Scr recognize their specific binding sites, in conjunction with non-DNA-binding domains, influence whether the target gene is transcriptionally activated or repressed.
- Multifactorial regulation of a hox target gene.
Stöbe, PLoS genetics 2009 - GeneRIF: local activation of rpr expression in the anterior part of the maxillary segment is achieved through a combinatorial interaction of Dfd with at least eight functionally diverse transcriptional regulators on a minimal enhan
- Duplicated Hox genes in the spider Cupiennius salei
Schwager, Frontiers in zoology 2007 - “..., AF071407 ; Es : ABD46724 . ABD46727 , ABD46728 ; Dm : CAA45272 , NP_477201 , NP_524248 , NP_536752 ; Pf : CAB75743 , CAB75746 ; Sm : ABD16212 , Ps : BAE97002 . More importantly, it becomes clear that at least three Hox genes...”
- Temperature compensation and temporal expression mediated by an enhancer element in Drosophila.
Hoopengardner, Mechanisms of development 2002 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: comparison of the activity of genetic elements from the regulatory region of the Drosophila melanogaster Deformed gene during embryogenesis and adult life
- More
- ODiNPred: comprehensive prediction of protein order and disorder
Dass, Scientific reports 2020 - “...P04156. BMRB id 4402 45 ). ( C ) DFD Drosophila HOX transcription factor (Uniprot P07548, BMRB id 27621 54 ) segment. ( D ) TDP-43 (Uniprot Q13148). Z-scores were derived from NMR data from four separately studied domains: (i) N-terminal domain (NTD) residues 389 (BMRB...”
- Context-Dependent Gene Regulation by Homeodomain Transcription Factor Complexes Revealed by Shape-Readout Deficient Proteins
Kribelbauer, Molecular cell 2020 - “...PET-expression vectors containing coding regions for full-length hth (Uniprot-ID: O46339), exd (Uniprot-ID: P40427), dfd (Uniprot-ID: P07548) and Hth HM-domain (amino acids 1242; (Uniprot-ID: O46339) with hexa-histidine tags (except for Exd, which was co-purified with full-length Hth or HM-domain-only Hth) were transformed into Bl21 cells. Cells were...”
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...NP_001027781 Cin_Hox5 NP_001027665 Drosophila melanogaster / Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188 Esc_Hox5 AAR16189 Esc_Hox7 AAL25809 Esc_Post2 AAL25812 Flaccisagitta enflata / Fen Chaetognatha Fen_Hox1 ABS18809 Fen_Hox3 ABS18810...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...amphioxus Hox6 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox7 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox8 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); Drosophila Deformed (Dfd, P07548); Drosophila Sex combs reduced (Scr, P09077); Drosophila fushi tarazu (ftz, P02835), Drosophila Antennapedia (Antp; P02833); Drosophila Ultrabithorax (Ubx, P02834); Drosophila abdominal-A (AbdA, P29555); mouse Cdx1 (mCdx1, P18111); mouse Cdx2 (mCdx1,...”
- Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...Gs, DSX, male (P23023) ELAV (P16914) Deformed (P07548) DGK (Q01583) Knirps (P10734) Orthodenticle (P22810) Topoisomerase I (P30189) Eyes absent (Q05201)...”
XP_006520524 homeobox protein Hox-C4 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
Q08624 Homeobox protein Hox-C4 from Mus musculus
51% identity, 26% coverage
- Fat accumulation in differentiated brown adipocytes is linked with expression of Hox genes.
Singh, Gene expression patterns : GEP 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: In presence of these inducing agents, lipid accumulation as well as expression of HoxA1, HoxA5, HoxC4 &HoxC8 markedly enhanced. Irrespective of presence or absence of T3, insulin down regulates HoxA10. T3 results in over expression of HoxA5, HoxC4 and HoxC8 genes, whereas insulin up regulates expression of only HoxC8
- APRIL stimulates NF-κB-mediated HoxC4 induction for AID expression in mouse B cells.
Park, Cytokine 2013 - GeneRIF: NF-kappaB mediates APRIL-induced HoxC4 transcription.
- AID dysregulation in lupus-prone MRL/Fas(lpr/lpr) mice increases class switch DNA recombination and promotes interchromosomal c-Myc/IgH loci translocations: modulation by HoxC4.
White, Autoimmunity 2011 - GeneRIF: These findings suggest that in lupus B cells, upregulation of HoxC4 plays a major role in dysregulation of AID expression.
- Estrogen receptors bind to and activate the HOXC4/HoxC4 promoter to potentiate HoxC4-mediated activation-induced cytosine deaminase induction, immunoglobulin class switch DNA recombination, and somatic hypermutation.
Mai, The Journal of biological chemistry 2010 - GeneRIF: Esr1 bind to and activate the HOXC4 promoter to potentiate HoxC4-mediated AID induction, immunoglobulin class switch and somatic hypermutation.
- HoxC4 binds to the promoter of the cytidine deaminase AID gene to induce AID expression, class-switch DNA recombination and somatic hypermutation.
Park, Nature immunology 2009 - GeneRIF: HoxC4 directly activates the Aicda promoter
- The mouse hairy ears mutation exhibits an extended growth (anagen) phase in hair follicles and altered Hoxc gene expression in the ears.
Mentzer, Veterinary dermatology 2008 - GeneRIF: Quantitative RNA analysis for the genes flanking the breakpoint indicated no changes in expression levels except for some homeobox C (Hoxc) genes whose expression was elevated in developing and mature skin of the ears but not of other body regions.
- A conserved role for Hox paralog group 4 in regulation of hematopoietic progenitors.
Iacovino, Stem cells and development 2009 - “...a SalI/EcoRI fragment. After sequencing we determined that the clone corresponds to the UniprotKB/swiss-prot ID Q08624. Mouse HoxD4 was cloned in the same way using the primers D4F 5-GTCGACCATGGCCATGAGTTCGTATATG-3 and D4R 5-CTATTAGGTCGTCAGGTCCGT-3. After sequencing we determined that the clone corresponded to the UniprotKB/swiss-prot ID P10628. Twenty...”
NP_055435 homeobox protein Hox-C4 from Homo sapiens
P09017 Homeobox protein Hox-C4 from Homo sapiens
51% identity, 26% coverage
- HOXC4 promotes proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by increasing LDHA-mediated glycolysis.
Zhang, Aging 2024 - GeneRIF: HOXC4 promotes proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by increasing LDHA-mediated glycolysis.
- A likely HOXC4 predisposition variant for Chiari malformations.
Brockmeyer, Journal of neurosurgery 2023 - GeneRIF: A likely HOXC4 predisposition variant for Chiari malformations.
- Homeobox C4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by the transactivation of Snail.
Yang, Neoplasma 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Homeobox C4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by the transactivation of Snail.
- Suppression of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 inhibits the development of uveal melanoma via microRNA-608-mediated inhibition of HOXC4.
Wu, American journal of physiology. Cell physiology 2020 - GeneRIF: he upregulation of miR-608 reduced the expression of HOXC4 in the uveal melanoma cells, which was rescued by overexpression of MALAT1. Hence, MALAT1 could upregulate the HOXC4 by binding to miR-608.
- HOXC4 homeoprotein efficiently expands human hematopoietic stem cells and triggers similar molecular alterations as HOXB4.
Auvray, Haematologica 2012 - GeneRIF: HOXC4 homeoprotein expands human hematopoietic immature cells by 3 to 6 times ex vivo and significantly improves the level of in vivo engraftment.
- Estrogen receptors bind to and activate the HOXC4/HoxC4 promoter to potentiate HoxC4-mediated activation-induced cytosine deaminase induction, immunoglobulin class switch DNA recombination, and somatic hypermutation.
Mai, The Journal of biological chemistry 2010 - GeneRIF: Esr1 bind to and activate the HOXC4 promoter to potentiate HoxC4-mediated AID induction, immunoglobulin class switch and somatic hypermutation.
- [Effect of human cytomegalovirus infection on the expression of hoxc4 and hoxc6 genes in the proliferation of lymphocytic progenitor cells].
Feng, Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi 2009 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Human cytomegalovirus downregulates while all-trans retinoic acid upregulates expression of hoxc4 and hoxc6 in lymphocytic progenitor cells.
- HoxC4 binds to the promoter of the cytidine deaminase AID gene to induce AID expression, class-switch DNA recombination and somatic hypermutation.
Park, Nature immunology 2009 - GeneRIF: HoxC4 directly activates the Aicda promoter
- More
- A likely HOXC4 predisposition variant for Chiari malformations.
Brockmeyer, Journal of neurosurgery 2023
HXB4A_DANRE / P22574 Homeobox protein Hox-B4a; Hox-B4; Homeobox protein Zf-13 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see 2 papers)
NP_571193 homeobox protein Hox-B4a from Danio rerio
52% identity, 26% coverage
P17483 Homeobox protein Hox-B4 from Homo sapiens
NP_076920 homeobox protein Hox-B4 from Homo sapiens
52% identity, 26% coverage
- Blood Plasma Circulating DNA-Protein Complexes: Involvement in Carcinogenesis and Prospects for Liquid Biopsy of Breast Cancer.
Shefer, Journal of personalized medicine 2023 - “...O75317 O75912 O95236 O95260 O95837 O96004 O96020 P02795 P06858 P08311 P08588 P11233 P14316 P15692 P17482 P17483 P17535 P17812 P17987 P20592 P23443 P23942 P24844 P29371 P29466 P31271 P34896 P43487 P46777 P48163 P48995 P49137 P49757 P50454 P51665 P55010 P60059 P60608 P62314 Q01081 Q02108 Q03060 Q03252 Q05215 Q06416 Q13033...”
- Comparative proteomic analysis of PAI-1 and TNF-alpha-derived endothelial microparticles.
Peterson, Proteomics 2008 - Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...(P20396) 242 E6, E7, E8 1 0, 0, 0 0, n/a Hox-B4 (P17483) 251 0 0, 0, 0 0, n/a Pis, Ps Octamer-binding Transcription Factor 6 (Q03052) 398 G6, G6, G6, P6, H6 1...”
- LINC00629, a HOXB4-downregulated long noncoding RNA, inhibits glycolysis and ovarian cancer progression by destabilizing c-Myc.
Liu, Cancer science 2024 - GeneRIF: LINC00629, a HOXB4-downregulated long noncoding RNA, inhibits glycolysis and ovarian cancer progression by destabilizing c-Myc.
- [miRNA-181a-5p inhibits proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cell line HOS by targeting HOXB4].
Li, Zhongguo gu shang = China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: [miRNA-181a-5p inhibits proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cell line HOS by targeting HOXB4].
- HOXB4 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Lei, Cell death & disease 2021 - GeneRIF: HOXB4 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the activity of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
- HOXB4 promotes the malignant progression of ovarian cancer via DHDDS.
Li, BMC cancer 2020 - GeneRIF: HOXB4 promotes the malignant progression of ovarian cancer via DHDDS.
- HOXB4 Immunoreactivity in Endometrial Tissues From Women With or Without Endometriosis.
AlKusayer, Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data suggests that an impaired capacity of eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue to upregulate levels of HOXB4 during the proliferative phase may play a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and that further downregulation of HOXB4 may enhance ectopic implant invasiveness.
- HOXB4 knockdown enhances the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel and cisplatin by downregulating ABC transporters in ovarian cancer cells.
Li, Gene 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Study revealed that HOXB4 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. HOXB4 silencing enhanced the cytotoxic effect of Taxol and DDP by downregulating ABC transporters via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These results for the first time elucidated the critical roles and molecular basis of HOXB4 underlying drug resistance in ovarian cancer cells.
- MiR-10a and HOXB4 are overexpressed in atypical myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Dumas, BMC cancer 2018 - GeneRIF: our data confirms that CaP growth and chemo-/radioresistance in vivo is associated with over-expression of EpCAM, which serves both a functional biomarker and promising therapeutic target.
- Functional analysis of HOXA10 and HOXB4 in human medulloblastoma cell lines.
Bonfim-Silva, International journal of oncology 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Authors observed that induced expression of HOXB4 in the UW473 cell line significantly reduced in vitro cell proliferation and migration capability of UW473 cells with no effect on the in vivo tumorigenicity.
- More
HXA3_MOUSE / P02831 Homeobox protein Hox-A3; Homeobox protein Hox-1.5; Homeobox protein MO-10 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_034582 homeobox protein Hox-A3 from Mus musculus
50% identity, 15% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds 5' to its own homeobox
- Translation inhibitory elements from Hoxa3 and Hoxa11 mRNAs use uORFs for translation inhibition.
Alghoul, eLife 2021 - GeneRIF: Translation inhibitory elements from Hoxa3 and Hoxa11 mRNAs use uORFs for translation inhibition.
- HOX paralogs selectively convert binding of ubiquitous transcription factors into tissue-specific patterns of enhancer activation.
Bridoux, PLoS genetics 2020 - GeneRIF: HOX paralogs selectively convert binding of ubiquitous transcription factors into tissue-specific patterns of enhancer activation.
- Notch activation is required for downregulation of HoxA3-dependent endothelial cell phenotype during blood formation.
Sanghez, PloS one 2017 - GeneRIF: HoxA3 induced upregulation of Jag1 ligand in endothelial cells, which led to cis-inhibition of the Notch pathway, rendering the HE nonresponsive to Notch signals.
- Enforced Expression of Hoxa3 Inhibits Classical and Promotes Alternative Activation of Macrophages In Vitro and In Vivo.
Al, Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2016 - GeneRIF: Our findings suggest a role for Hox a3 protein activity in promoting M1-to-M2-like phenotypic switching via interactions with myeloid transcription factors and provide insight into mechanisms regulating this process in diabetic wound healing
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...Nemertea Lsa_Hox1 CAA76295 Lsa_Hox3 CAA76296 Mus musculus / Mmu Chordata Mmu_Hox1 NP_034579 Mmu_Hox2 NP_034581 Mmu_Hox3 NP_034582 Mmu_Hox4 NP_032291 Mmu_Hox5 NP_034583 Mmu_Hox7 NP_034585 Nymphon gracile / Ngr Arthropoda Ngr_Hox1 ABD46723 Ngr_Hox2 ABD46725 Ngr_Hox5 ABD46729 Ngr_Hox7 ABD46732 Nereis virens / Nvi Annelida Nvi_Hox1 AAD46166 Nvi_Hox2 AAD46167 Nvi_Hox4 AAD46169...”
- Multiple roles for HOXA3 in regulating thymus and parathyroid differentiation and morphogenesis in mouse.
Chojnowski, Development (Cambridge, England) 2014 - GeneRIF: ultiple roles for HOXA3 in regulating thymus and parathyroid differentiation and morphogenesis in mouse.
- Hoxa3 promotes the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into proangiogenic Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells.
Mahdipour, Blood 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Studies indicate that Hoxa3 promotes proliferation and differentiation of HSC/Ps into Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells.
- HoxA3 is an apical regulator of haemogenic endothelium.
Iacovino, Nature cell biology 2011 - GeneRIF: Data show that HoxA3 restrains haematopoietic differentiation of the earliest endothelial progenitors, and induces reversion of the earliest haematopoietic progenitors into CD41-negative endothelial cells.
- More
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...zerknllt (zen, AAF54087); mouse Pdx1 (mPdx1, P52946); amphioxus Xlox (AmphiXlox, AAC 39016); mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse Hoxa5 (mHoxa5, P20719); mouse Hoxa6 (mHoxa6, P09092); mouse Hoxa7 (mHoxa7, P02830); mouse Hoxb8 (mHoxb8, P09078); amphioxus Hox4 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox5...”
VAX2A_XENLA / Q9PU20 Ventral anterior homeobox 2a; Xvax2 from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 3 papers)
XP_018088768 ventral anterior homeobox 2a isoform X1 from Xenopus laevis
56% identity, 19% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Regulates the expression of Wnt signaling antagonists including the expression of a truncated tcf7l2 isoform that cannot bind ctnnb1 and acts therefore as a potent dominant-negative Wnt antagonist. Plays a crucial role in eye development and, in particular, in the specification of the ventral optic vesicle. May be a regulator of axial polarization in the retina.
- A role for Xvax2 in controlling proliferation of Xenopus ventral eye and brain progenitors.
Liu, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: a new potential role for Vax2 in controlling the proliferative properties of ventral eye and brain progenitors.
NP_001037341 transcription factor deformed from Bombyx mori
51% identity, 17% coverage
NP_001094257 homeobox protein Hox-B4 from Rattus norvegicus
52% identity, 26% coverage
Q00056 Homeobox protein Hox-A4 from Homo sapiens
NP_002132 homeobox protein Hox-A4 from Homo sapiens
50% identity, 21% coverage
- Proteomic analysis of articular cartilage vesicles from normal and osteoarthritic cartilage.
Rosenthal, Arthritis and rheumatism 2011 - “...sub types) 3 23 21.705 11.202 O60814 Histone H2B (11 subtypes) 2 8 17.600 10.134 Q00056 Homeobox protein Hox-A4 (Hox-1D) (Hox-1.4) 2 55 6.250 9.764 Other P62988 Ubiquitin 2 73 32.895 6.603 O60687 Sushi repeat-containing protein SRPX2 precursor. 7 81 20.215 6.888 O75340 Probable calcium-binding protein...”
- lncRNA HOTAIRM1 Activated by HOXA4 Drives HUVEC Proliferation Through Direct Interaction with Protein Partner HSPA5.
Zhou, Inflammation 2024 - GeneRIF: lncRNA HOTAIRM1 Activated by HOXA4 Drives HUVEC Proliferation Through Direct Interaction with Protein Partner HSPA5.
- MiR-150 Attenuates Maladaptive Cardiac Remodeling Mediated by Long Noncoding RNA MIAT and Directly Represses Profibrotic Hoxa4.
Aonuma, Circulation. Heart failure 2022 - GeneRIF: MiR-150 Attenuates Maladaptive Cardiac Remodeling Mediated by Long Noncoding RNA MIAT and Directly Represses Profibrotic Hoxa4.
- Expression Landscape and Functional Roles of HOXA4 and HOXA5 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Gao, International journal of medical sciences 2022 - GeneRIF: Expression Landscape and Functional Roles of HOXA4 and HOXA5 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.
- High expression of HOXA4 in patients with glioma indicates unfavorable clinical outcomes.
Yu, Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 2022 - GeneRIF: High expression of HOXA4 in patients with glioma indicates unfavorable clinical outcomes.
- Epigenome-wide analysis reveals functional modulators of drug sensitivity and post-treatment survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Barrow, British journal of cancer 2021 - GeneRIF: Epigenome-wide analysis reveals functional modulators of drug sensitivity and post-treatment survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
- Microarray-based analysis of whole-genome DNA methylation profiling in early detection of breast cancer.
Li, Journal of cellular biochemistry 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: This study evaluated the methylation level and gene expression of HOXA4 and IGF1, which showed increased DNA methylation and decreased expression in breast cancer. HOXA4 and IGF1 are promising biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer.
- Gene expression signatures for HOXA4, HOXA9, and HOXD10 reveal alterations in transcriptional regulatory networks in colon cancer.
Bhatlekar, Journal of cellular physiology 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The results indicated that completely different sets of transcription factors coregulate HOXA4 and HOXD10 (but not HOXA9) and their expression-correlated genes.
- Overexpression of HOXA4 and HOXA9 genes promotes self-renewal and contributes to colon cancer stem cell overpopulation.
Bhatlekar, Journal of cellular physiology 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Overexpression of HOXA4 and HOXA9 contributes to self-renewal and overpopulation of stem cells in colorectal cancers.
- More
O43365 Homeobox protein Hox-A3 from Homo sapiens
50% identity, 15% coverage
HXC4A_DANRE / Q9PWM3 Homeobox protein Hox-C4a; Hox-C4 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
48% identity, 27% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
XP_003640745 homeobox protein Hox-A1 from Gallus gallus
46% identity, 22% coverage
NP_034589 homeobox protein Hox-B4 from Mus musculus
52% identity, 26% coverage
- Activated HoxB4-induced hematopoietic stem cells from murine pluripotent stem cells via long-term programming.
Izawa, Experimental hematology 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Activated HoxB4-induced hematopoietic stem cells from murine pluripotent stem cells via long-term programming.
- HOXB4 Promotes Hemogenic Endothelium Formation without Perturbing Endothelial Cell Development.
Teichweyde, Stem cell reports 2018 - GeneRIF: HOXB4 promoted the formation of hemogenic endothelium cells.
- Controlled stem cell amplification by HOXB4 depends on its unique proline-rich region near the N terminus.
Cusan, Blood 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: can amplify long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells in a controlled way. This characteristic depends on a proline-rich sequence near the N terminus, which is unique among HOX genes and highly conserved in higher mammals
- Engineered Murine HSCs Reconstitute Multi-lineage Hematopoiesis and Adaptive Immunity.
Lu, Cell reports 2016 - GeneRIF: Our data reveal a route to establishing functional multipotent HSCs that exploits aspects of in vitro differentiation, transcription factor re-specification with HoxB4 to enhance self-renewal, and Notch-mediated lineage specification
- Molecular integration of HoxB4 and STAT3 for self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells: a model of molecular convergence for stemness.
Hong, Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data suggest that the homeobox B4 protein (HoxB4) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signals are functionally redundant for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renewal rather than exerting independent effects.
- Downregulation of Prdm16 mRNA is a specific antileukemic mechanism during HOXB4-mediated HSC expansion in vivo.
Yu, Blood 2014 - GeneRIF: these studies define the transcriptional pathways involved in HOXB4 HSC expansion in vivo and identify repression of Prdm16 transcription as a mechanism by which expanding HSCs avoid leukemic transformation.
- Scmh1 has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity for geminin and histone H2A and regulates geminin stability directly or indirectly via transcriptional repression of Hoxa9 and Hoxb4.
Yasunaga, Molecular and cellular biology 2013 - GeneRIF: Loss of Scmh1 caused derepression of Hoxb4 and Hoxa9, direct targets of Polycomb-group complex 1-mediated transcriptional silencing in hematopoietic cells.
- DNA methylation of Runx1 regulatory regions correlates with transition from primitive to definitive hematopoietic potential in vitro and in vivo.
Webber, Blood 2013 - GeneRIF: The results show a novel role for DNA methylation in the alternative promoter usage at the Runx1 locus and identify HOXB4 as a direct activator of the Runx1 P1 promoter.
- More
P81192 Homeobox protein Hox-A4 (Fragment) from Lineus sanguineus
51% identity, 73% coverage
NKX11_HUMAN / Q15270 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1; Homeobox protein 153; HPX-153; Homeobox protein SAX-2; NKX-1.1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
46% identity, 16% coverage
- function: May be required for the coordinated crosstalk of factors involved in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, possibly by regulating the transcription of specific factors involved in energy balance.
- Utilizing glycine N-methyltransferasegene knockout mice as a model for identification of missing proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Yang, Oncotarget 2018 - “...at protein level Q86VZ2 3 WDR5B-001 WD repeat-containing protein 5B ENSG00000196981 Evidence at protein level Q15270 4 NKX1-1-001 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1 ENSG00000235608 Evidence at transcript level Q16594 5 AK6 Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9 ENSG00000273841 Evidence at protein level A6NJ46 8 NKX6-3-001 Homeobox...”
XP_006532353 homeobox protein Hox-B3 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
55% identity, 15% coverage
- Hoxb3 negatively regulates Hoxb1 expression in mouse hindbrain patterning.
Wong, Developmental biology 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: identified a novel Hoxb3 binding site S3 on the Hoxb1 locus and confirmed protein binding to this site in hindbrain tissues from the Hoxb3(Tg) mutant
- Multiple coding and non-coding RNAs in the Hoxb3 locus and their spatial expression patterns during mouse embryogenesis.
Chan, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: these results suggest that the multiple non-coding RNAs could be involved in the regulation of Hoxb3.
- Hoxb3 deficiency impairs B lymphopoiesis in mouse bone marrow.
Ko, Experimental hematology 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The Hoxb3 gene plays an essential role in regulating B lymphopoiesis in the BM of adult mice.
- Hoxa9/hoxb3/hoxb4 compound null mice display severe hematopoietic defects.
Magnusson, Experimental hematology 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: In this expt. mice with a compound deficiency in hoxa9, hoxb3 and hoxb4 (hoxa9/b3/b4) were investigated for evidence of synergy between these genes in hematopoiesis.
- Hoxb3 vagal neural crest-specific enhancer element for controlling enteric nervous system development.
Chan, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: b3IIIa in the Hoxb3 gene locus-lacZ transgene was expressed in a subset of enteric neuroblasts during early development of the gut
- Reduced proliferative capacity of hematopoietic stem cells deficient in Hoxb3 and Hoxb4.
Björnsson, Molecular and cellular biology 2003 - GeneRIF: These data suggest a direct physiological role of Hoxb4 and Hoxb3 in regulating stem cell regeneration and that these genes are required for maximal proliferative response.
- Hox3 genes coordinate mechanisms of genetic suppression and activation in the generation of branchial and somatic motoneurons.
Gaufo, Development (Cambridge, England) 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Results suggest that members of the Hox groups (Hoxa3, Hoxb3, Hoxd3) coordinate both suppression and activation mechanisms that ensure distinction between the multiple rhombomeres in the developing hindbrain.
NP_001162367 homeobox protein Hox-A4 from Papio anubis
50% identity, 21% coverage
P14651 Homeobox protein Hox-B3 from Homo sapiens
55% identity, 15% coverage
- Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...(P25490) 414 ++, ++ 1 0, 1, 0 E5, G5, Hil Hox-B3 Protein (P14651) 431 1,0, 1 0 0, 0 Gil, G1o 457 Chromogranin A (P10645) 0, 0, 0 1 E8, EB, Es 0, 0 Protein...”
XP_017452803 homeobox protein Hox-B3 isoform X1 from Rattus norvegicus
55% identity, 15% coverage
P06798 Homeobox protein Hox-A4 from Mus musculus
50% identity, 24% coverage
- A conserved role for Hox paralog group 4 in regulation of hematopoietic progenitors.
Iacovino, Stem cells and development 2009 - “...EcoRI site). pGEM containing mouse HoxA4 (the generous gift of Deborah Wolgemuth, encoding UniprotKB/swiss-prot ID P06798) was digested with HindIII and XbaI and cloned into pBS at these restriction sites. Then the fragment was excised by digestion of pBS with HindIII and NotI and cloned into...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Xlox (AmphiXlox, AAC 39016); mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse Hoxa5 (mHoxa5, P20719); mouse Hoxa6 (mHoxa6, P09092); mouse Hoxa7 (mHoxa7, P02830); mouse Hoxb8 (mHoxb8, P09078); amphioxus Hox4 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox5 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox6 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox7...”
Q00444 polo kinase (EC 2.7.11.21) from Homo sapiens (see paper)
NP_061826 homeobox protein Hox-C5 from Homo sapiens
50% identity, 32% coverage
- USP11 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells via HOXC5-mediated canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Gao, Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2024 - GeneRIF: USP11 regulates proliferation and apoptosis of human spermatogonial stem cells via HOXC5-mediated canonical WNT/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
- HoxC5 and miR-615-3p target newly evolved genomic regions to repress hTERT and inhibit tumorigenesis.
Yan, Nature communications 2018 - GeneRIF: Both mir-615-3p and HOXC5 are activated upon differentiation, which constitute a feed-forward loop that coordinates transcriptional and post-transcriptional repression of hTERT during cellular differentiation. Deregulation of HOXC5 and mir-615-3p expression may contribute to the activation of hTERT in human cancers.
- Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in HOXC gene cluster within susceptible region 12q13 of simple congenital heart disease.
Gong, Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The A17860G located in 3'flanking sequence of HOXC5 gene is associated with simple congenital heart disease; the haplotype of 3 SNPs may be linked with the susceptible gene of simple CHD.
- GeneRIF: Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
- Blood Plasma Circulating DNA-Protein Complexes: Involvement in Carcinogenesis and Prospects for Liquid Biopsy of Breast Cancer.
Shefer, Journal of personalized medicine 2023 - “...Electrogenic sodium bicarbonate cotransporter 4 SLC4A5 78 Q02108 Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 GUCY1A3 60 Q00444 Homeobox protein Hox-C5 HOXC5 92 + Q8NBZ0 INO80 complex subunit E INO80E 89 P14735 Insulin-degrading enzyme IDE 77 + O00522 Krev interaction trapped protein 1 KRIT1 70 Q96AQ8 Mitochondrial calcium...”
- Short Linear Motifs Orchestrate Functioning of Human Proteins during Embryonic Development, Redox Regulation, and Cancer.
Sologova, Metabolites 2022 - “...44.4% 2.3 DNA binding activity Transcriptional regulation, embryogenesis [ 46 ] Homeobox protein Hox-C5 SP: Q00444 HOXC5 EMTPVNPGV : . : . : : : . EAAPLNPGM 9098 55.6% 0.48 DNA-binding activity, transcription factor Anterior/posterior specification, embryonic development [ 47 ] Forkhead box protein O1 SP:...”
HXD4_HUMAN / P09016 Homeobox protein Hox-D4; Homeobox protein HHO.C13; Homeobox protein Hox-4B; Homeobox protein Hox-5.1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
52% identity, 25% coverage
NP_032291 homeobox protein Hox-A4 from Mus musculus
50% identity, 24% coverage
HXC5A_DANRE / P09074 Homeobox protein Hox-C5a; Hox-C5; Homeobox protein Hox-3.4; Homeobox protein Zf-25 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
51% identity, 29% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis
NP_001080293 homeobox A3 S homeolog from Xenopus laevis
50% identity, 16% coverage
- Early development of the thymus in Xenopus laevis
Lee, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2013 - “...1100-bp PCR product was purified, ligated into pGEMTeasy (Promega), and sequenced. Xenopus laevis hoxa3 cDNA (NP_001080293) was purchased from Open Biosystems (Thermo Scientific, USA). RT-PCR analysis Total RNAs were extracted from embryos or dissected tissues using an RNeasy micro RNA isolation kit (Qiagen). The RNA samples...”
NP_034579 homeobox protein Hox-A1 isoform 1 from Mus musculus
46% identity, 21% coverage
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...Lineus sanguineus / Lsa Nemertea Lsa_Hox1 CAA76295 Lsa_Hox3 CAA76296 Mus musculus / Mmu Chordata Mmu_Hox1 NP_034579 Mmu_Hox2 NP_034581 Mmu_Hox3 NP_034582 Mmu_Hox4 NP_032291 Mmu_Hox5 NP_034583 Mmu_Hox7 NP_034585 Nymphon gracile / Ngr Arthropoda Ngr_Hox1 ABD46723 Ngr_Hox2 ABD46725 Ngr_Hox5 ABD46729 Ngr_Hox7 ABD46732 Nereis virens / Nvi Annelida Nvi_Hox1 AAD46166...”
HXA1_MOUSE / P09022 Homeobox protein Hox-A1; Early retinoic acid 1; Homeobox protein Hox-1.6; Homeoboxless protein ERA-1-399; Homeotic protein ERA-1-993 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 2 papers)
46% identity, 22% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor (PubMed:29465778). Regulates multiple developmental processes including brainstem, inner and outer ear, abducens nerve and cardiovascular development and morphogenesis as well as cognition and behavior (By similarity). Also part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures. Seems to act in the maintenance and/or generation of hindbrain segments (By similarity). Activates transcription in the presence of PBX1A and PKNOX1 (PubMed:29465778).
function: The homeobox domain presumably directs sequence-specific DNA binding. The N-terminal portion of ERA-1-993 may be involved in interactions with one or more other regulatory proteins. Such an interaction could regulate either the DNA-binding activity or the transcriptional regulatory activity of ERA-1-993
function: The homeoboxless ERA-1-399 protein could act as a competitive inhibitor of the ERA-1-993 protein by competing for interaction with regulatory protein(s) while being unable to bind to DNA
subunit: Interacts with OGT (via TPR repeats domain); the interaction takes place mainly in the nucleus (PubMed:29465778). Forms a DNA- binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1 (By similarity). - Homeodomain Involvement in Nuclear HOX Protein Homo- and Heterodimerization.
Marchese, International journal of molecular sciences 2025 - “...solid, dashed, and dotted blue lines) and NLStradamus (red). Alpha-fold prediction is from Uniprot (entry: P09022) (orange) ( B ). The 3rd helix of HOXA1 is essential for HOXA1 nuclear localization . Protein immunodetection. HEK293T cells were transfected with expression vectors for FLAGHOXA1 or FLAGHOXA1 WFQN-SVAA...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316); amphioxus Gsx (AmphiGsx, AAC39015); Drosophila ind (ind, AAK77133); mouse Hoxa1 (mHoxa1, P09022); mouse Hoxa2 (mHoxa2, P31245); amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2 (AmphiHox2, BAA78621); Drosophila labial (lab, P10105); Drosophila proboscipedia (pb, P31264); Drosophila zerknllt (zen, AAF54087); mouse Pdx1 (mPdx1, P52946); amphioxus Xlox...”
XP_003134892 homeobox protein Hox-A1 isoform X1 from Sus scrofa
46% identity, 21% coverage
HXD4_MOUSE / P10628 Homeobox protein Hox-D4; Homeobox protein Hox-4.2; Homeobox protein Hox-5.1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_034599 homeobox protein Hox-D4 from Mus musculus
52% identity, 26% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis
subunit: Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1. - Nuclear accumulation of an uncapped RNA produced by Drosha cleavage of a transcript encoding miR-10b and HOXD4.
Phua, PloS one 2011 - GeneRIF: The expression profiles of Hoxd4 and miR-10b transcripts during neural differentiation of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) P19 cells are co-ordinately regulated and generated by Drosha cleavage.
- Expression of cartilage developmental genes in Hoxc8- and Hoxd4-transgenic mice.
Kruger, PloS one 2010 - GeneRIF: Data provide the basis for future studies in pathogenesis of cartilage defects in Hoxc8- and Hoxd4-transgenic mice.
- Interplay between chromatin and trans-acting factors regulating the Hoxd4 promoter during neural differentiation.
Kobrossy, The Journal of biological chemistry 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Results identify components of the Hoxd4 P1 promoter directing expression in neurally differentiating retinoic acid-treated P19 cells.
- Stereospecificity and PAX6 function direct Hoxd4 neural enhancer activity along the antero-posterior axis.
Nolte, Developmental biology 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: results reveal an evolutionarily conserved role for Pax6 in AP-restricted expression of vertebrate Hoxd4 orthologs
- Direct crossregulation between retinoic acid receptor {beta} and Hox genes during hindbrain segmentation.
Serpente, Development (Cambridge, England) 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: a new molecular link, completing a feedback circuit between retinoic acid receptor beta, Hoxb4 and Hoxd4
- Sequential histone modifications at Hoxd4 regulatory regions distinguish anterior from posterior embryonic compartments.
Rastegar, Molecular and cellular biology 2004 - GeneRIF: detected chromatin changes at the Hoxd4 locus during neurogenesis in P19 cells and embryonic day 8.0 (E8.0) and E10.5 embryos
- The role of a retinoic acid response element in establishing the anterior neural expression border of Hoxd4 transgenes.
Nolte, Mechanisms of development 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The sequence of regulatory elements, including a DR5 type retinoic acid response element (RARE) required for Hoxd4 neural enhancer activity, are highly conserved, zebrafish and mouse neural enhancers function identically in transgenic mouse embryos.
- Mouse Af9 is a controller of embryo patterning, like Mll, whose human homologue fuses with Af9 after chromosomal translocation in leukemia.
Collins, Molecular and cellular biology 2002 - GeneRIF: Af9 null mutation affects Hoxd-4 gene expression
- A conserved role for Hox paralog group 4 in regulation of hematopoietic progenitors.
Iacovino, Stem cells and development 2009 - “...and D4R 5-CTATTAGGTCGTCAGGTCCGT-3. After sequencing we determined that the clone corresponded to the UniprotKB/swiss-prot ID P10628. Twenty micrograms of p2Lox-HoxA4, or HoxC4, or HoxD4 were coelectroporated with 20 g of cre expression plasmid, into the A2Lox-targeting cells, and cells were selected on 300 g/mL of G418,...”
NP_001101586 homeobox protein Hox-C5 from Rattus norvegicus
NP_783857 homeobox protein Hox-C5 from Mus musculus
P32043 Homeobox protein Hox-C5 from Mus musculus
50% identity, 32% coverage
F8VXG0 Homeobox B3 from Homo sapiens
55% identity, 22% coverage
GSX2_HUMAN / Q9BZM3 GS homeobox 2; Genetic-screened homeobox 2; Homeobox protein GSH-2 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_573574 GS homeobox 2 from Homo sapiens
54% identity, 19% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that binds 5'-CNAATTAG-3' DNA sequence and regulates the expression of numerous genes including genes important for brain development (PubMed:31412107). During telencephalic development, causes ventralization of pallial progenitors and, depending on the developmental stage, specifies different neuronal fates. At early stages, necessary and sufficient to correctly specify the ventral lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and its major derivatives, the striatal projection neurons. At later stages, may specify LGE progenitors toward dorsal LGE fates, including olfactory bulb interneurons (By similarity).
- Silencing GS Homeobox 2 Alleviates Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Activating SHH/GLI1 Signaling Pathway.
Zhuang, Digestive diseases and sciences 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Silencing GS Homeobox 2 Alleviates Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Activating SHH/GLI1 Signaling Pathway.
- Integrative Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Identify a Three-Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis in Lower-Grade Gliomas.
Zeng, Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: This study identified and validated a three-gene (EMP3, GSX2 and EMILIN3) prognostic signature in Lower-Grade Gliomas.
- Differentiation of human telencephalic progenitor cells into MSNs by inducible expression of Gsx2 and Ebf1.
Faedo, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2017 - GeneRIF: Data show that GS Homeobox 2 (Gsx2) and Early B-cell factor 1 (Ebf1) combined overexpression in human embryonic stem (hES) cells achieves high yields of medium spiny neurons (MSNs).
- 4q12 translocations with GSX2 expression identify a CD7(+) acute myeloid leukaemia subset.
Di, British journal of haematology 2015 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: 4q12 translocations with GSX2 expression identify a CD7(+) acute myeloid leukaemia subset.
- The homeobox gene Gsx2 regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of neural stem cells and the cell fate of postnatal progenitors.
Méndez-Gómez, PloS one 2012 - GeneRIF: Gsx2 negatively regulates neurogenesis from postnatal progenitor cells.
- MicroRNA-9 regulates neurogenesis in mouse telencephalon by targeting multiple transcription factors.
Shibata, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2011 - GeneRIF: Transgenic mice lacking microRNAs miR-9-2 and miR-9-3 exhibit multiple defects of telencephalic structures which may be brought about by dysregulation of Foxg1, Nr2e1, Gsh2, and Meis2 expression.
- Distinct temporal requirements for the homeobox gene Gsx2 in specifying striatal and olfactory bulb neuronal fates.
Waclaw, Neuron 2009 - GeneRIF: Gsx2 specifies striatal projection neuron and olfactory bulb interneuron identity at distinct time points during neurogenesis in transgenic mice.
- Evidence for position effects as a variant ETV6-mediated leukemogenic mechanism in myeloid leukemias with a t(4;12)(q11-q12;p13) or t(5;12)(q31;p13).
Cools, Blood 2002 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: ectopically expressed in myeloid leukemic cells with t(4;12)(q11-q12;p13), suggesting that expression of GSH2 was deregulated by the translocation, indicating a variant leukemogenic mechanism for translocations involving the 5' end of ETV6
- Agenesis of the putamen and globus pallidus caused by recessive mutations in the homeobox gene GSX2.
De, Brain : a journal of neurology 2019 - “...Molecular dynamics analysis The primary protein sequence of wild-type GSX2 was obtained from UniProt (ID: Q9BZM3). The protein structure resulted from multiple alignments between several templates and the query sequence, through MODELLER v9.16. ( Webb and Sali, 2014 ). The obtained wild-type model was mutated in...”
- Shotgun label-free proteomic analysis for identification of proteins in HaCaT human skin keratinocytes regulated by the administration of collagen from soft-shelled turtle
Yamamoto, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials 2018 - “...Fucose mutarotase 154 1.562 156 KAD3_HUMAN Q9UIJ7 GTP:AMP phosphotransferase AK3, mitochondrial 227 1.562 157 GSX2_HUMAN Q9BZM3 GS homeobox 2 304 1.562 158 MIMIT_HUMAN Q8N183 Mimitin, mitochondrial 169 1.562 159 CYC_HUMAN P99999 Cytochrome c 105 1.562 160 CC141_HUMAN Q6ZP82 Coiledcoil domaincontaining protein 141 1450 1.562 161 ZN503_HUMAN...”
- Genetically identified spinal interneurons integrating tactile afferents for motor control.
Bui, Journal of neurophysiology 2015
VAX1B_XENLA / Q9DDB0 Ventral anterior homeobox 1b from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see paper)
55% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Involved in ventral eye development
LOC107447988 homeobox protein engrailed-like ceh-16 from Parasteatoda tepidariorum
53% identity, 24% coverage
GSX2_MOUSE / P31316 GS homeobox 2; Genetic-screened homeobox 2; Homeobox protein GSH-2 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 2 papers)
NP_573555 GS homeobox 2 from Mus musculus
54% identity, 19% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that binds 5'-CNAATTAG-3' DNA sequence and regulates the expression of numerous genes including genes important for brain development (PubMed:7619729). During telencephalic development, causes ventralization of pallial progenitors and, depending on the developmental stage, specifies different neuronal fates. At early stages, necessary and sufficient to correctly specify the ventral lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and its major derivatives, the striatal projection neurons. At later stages, may specify LGE progenitors toward dorsal LGE fates, including olfactory bulb interneurons (PubMed:19709628).
- Conserved Gsx2/Ind homeodomain monomer versus homodimer DNA binding defines regulatory outcomes in flies and mice.
Salomone, Genes & development 2021 - GeneRIF: Conserved Gsx2/Ind homeodomain monomer versus homodimer DNA binding defines regulatory outcomes in flies and mice.
- Transcription Factor VAX1 Regulates the Regional Specification of the Subpallium Through Repressing Gsx2.
Wen, Molecular neurobiology 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Transcription Factor VAX1 Regulates the Regional Specification of the Subpallium Through Repressing Gsx2.
- Physical interactions between Gsx2 and Ascl1 balance progenitor expansion versus neurogenesis in the mouse lateral ganglionic eminence.
Roychoudhury, Development (Cambridge, England) 2020 - GeneRIF: Physical interactions between Gsx2 and Ascl1 balance progenitor expansion versus neurogenesis in the mouse lateral ganglionic eminence.
- DMRT5, DMRT3, and EMX2 Cooperatively Repress Gsx2 at the Pallium-Subpallium Boundary to Maintain Cortical Identity in Dorsal Telencephalic Progenitors.
Desmaris, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2018 - GeneRIF: Study suggests that DMRT3/5 function with EMX2 in positioning the pallial-subpallial boundary by antagonizing the ventral homeobox transcription factor GSX2.
- Septal contributions to olfactory bulb interneuron diversity in the embryonic mouse telencephalon: role of the homeobox gene Gsx2.
Qin, Neural development 2017 - GeneRIF: Gsx2 is required in septal progenitors for the correct expansion of subventricular zone progenitors specified toward the calretinin(+) subtype
- Characterization of a new Gsx2-cre line in the developing mouse telencephalon.
Qin, Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 2016 - GeneRIF: we generated a transgenic mouse line driving Cre and EGFP expression with two putative cis-regulatory modules upstream of the homeobox gene Gsx2 , a critical gene for establishing lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) identity.
- Loss of Gsx1 and Gsx2 function rescues distinct phenotypes in Dlx1/2 mutants.
Wang, The Journal of comparative neurology 2013 - GeneRIF: despite their redundant properties, Gsx1 and -2 have distinct interactions with Dlx1 and -2
- The homeobox gene Gsx2 controls the timing of oligodendroglial fate specification in mouse lateral ganglionic eminence progenitors.
Chapman, Development (Cambridge, England) 2013 - GeneRIF: high levels of Gsx2 suppress dendrocyte precursor cells specification in lateral ganglionic eminence progenitors; its downregulation is required for the transition from neurogenesis to oligodendrogenesis
- More
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...(Amphi EvxB , AAK58954); Drosophila even-skipped (eve, P06602); mouse Gsh1 (mGsh1, P31315); mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316); amphioxus Gsx (AmphiGsx, AAC39015); Drosophila ind (ind, AAK77133); mouse Hoxa1 (mHoxa1, P09022); mouse Hoxa2 (mHoxa2, P31245); amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2 (AmphiHox2, BAA78621); Drosophila labial (lab, P10105); Drosophila proboscipedia...”
VAX2_HUMAN / Q9UIW0 Ventral anterior homeobox 2 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
56% identity, 20% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Regulates the expression of Wnt signaling antagonists including the expression of a truncated TCF7L2 isoform that cannot bind CTNNB1 and acts therefore as a potent dominant-negative Wnt antagonist. Plays a crucial role in eye development and, in particular, in the specification of the ventral optic vesicle (By similarity). May be a regulator of axial polarization in the retina.
HXA1_HUMAN / P49639 Homeobox protein Hox-A1; Homeobox protein Hox-1F from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
46% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor (By similarity). Regulates multiple developmental processes including brainstem, inner and outer ear, abducens nerve and cardiovascular development and morphogenesis as well as cognition and behavior (PubMed:16155570). Also part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures. Seems to act in the maintenance and/or generation of hindbrain segments (By similarity). Activates transcription in the presence of PBX1A and PKNOX1 (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with OGT (via TPR repeats domain); the interaction takes place mainly in the nucleus (By similarity). Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1 (PubMed:9191052). - Identification of Glioblastoma Phosphotyrosine-Containing Proteins with Two-Dimensional Western Blotting and Tandem Mass Spectrometry.
Guo, BioMed research international 2015 - “...NEPVK KhtgEkp.Y 655662 42 P06865 Beta-hexosaminidase subunit alpha 1187.5 EDIPVNY * MK Kql.Esf.Y 349355 46 P49639 Homeobox protein Hox-A1 1967.9 TGKVGEY * GY * LGQPNAVR Kvg.Eyg.Y 219225 47 Q6P2Q9 Pre-mRNA-processing-splicing factor 8 1325.6 HTLAY * DKGWR KfrhDkrvY RvrtDfkqY 8088 14371445 Y * = phosphotyrosine residue, M...”
- Protein interactions of the transcription factor Hoxa1
Lambert, BMC developmental biology 2012 - “...of neurite outgrowth 2 9721 O60269 G protein interaction / N HOXA1 homeobox A1 3198 P49639 Transcription factor (homeodomain) Nuclear Y HOXD3 homeobox D3 3232 P31249 Transcription factor (homeodomain) Nuclear Y HSFY1 heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 1 86614 Q96LI6 Transcription factor (heatshock factor) / N...”
- “...P28799 Growth factor, transcription factor (in GRN precursor form) n.d. Y HOXA1 homeobox A1 3198 P49639 Transcription factor (homeodomain) Nuclear Y HSD3B7 hydroxy-delta-5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3 - and steroid delta-isomerase 7 80270 Q9H2F3 Dehydrogenase / N IKZF2 (Helios) IKAROS family zinc finger 2 22807 Q9UKS7 Transcription fator...”
- Molecular evolution of the homeodomain family of transcription factors.
Banerjee-Basu, Nucleic acids research 2001
HXD3_MOUSE / P09027 Homeobox protein Hox-D3; Homeobox protein Hox-4.1; Homeobox protein MH-19 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_034598 homeobox protein Hox-D3 from Mus musculus
56% identity, 13% coverage
P31249 Homeobox protein Hox-D3 from Homo sapiens
56% identity, 13% coverage
- Protein interactions of the transcription factor Hoxa1
Lambert, BMC developmental biology 2012 - “...N HOXA1 homeobox A1 3198 P49639 Transcription factor (homeodomain) Nuclear Y HOXD3 homeobox D3 3232 P31249 Transcription factor (homeodomain) Nuclear Y HSFY1 heat shock transcription factor, Y-linked 1 86614 Q96LI6 Transcription factor (heatshock factor) / N KRTAP26-1 keratin associated protein 26-1 388818 Q6PEX3 Keratin associated Nuclear...”
VAX1A_XENLA / O93528 Ventral anterior homeobox 1a from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see paper)
53% identity, 20% coverage
- function: May play a role in the specification and maintenance of basal forebrain identity.
NP_077365 homeobox protein Hox-A5 from Rattus norvegicus
52% identity, 17% coverage
NP_001123388 homeobox protein vex1 from Xenopus tropicalis
46% identity, 25% coverage
NKX12_MOUSE / P42580 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 2; Homeobox protein SAX-1; NKX-1.1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 3 papers)
NP_033149 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 2 from Mus musculus
56% identity, 19% coverage
- function: May function in cell specification, particularly in the CNS
subunit: Interacts with HIPK1, HIPK2, and HIPK3. - The Wnt-dependent master regulator NKX1-2 controls mouse pre-implantation development.
Nakagawa, Stem cell reports 2024 - GeneRIF: The Wnt-dependent master regulator NKX1-2 controls mouse pre-implantation development.
- The transcription factor NKX1-2 promotes adipogenesis and may contribute to a balance between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation.
Chen, The Journal of biological chemistry 2019 - GeneRIF: Results suggest a role for NK1 homeobox 2 (NKX1-2) in promoting adipogenesis and possibly in regulating the balance between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal precursor cells.
- Lineage tracing of axial progenitors using Nkx1-2CreERT2 mice defines their trunk and tail contributions.
Rodrigo, Development (Cambridge, England) 2018 - GeneRIF: This study identifies Nkx1-2-expressing cells as the source of most trunk and tail tissues in the mouse.
- Genomic analysis of transcriptional networks directing progression of cell states during MGE development.
Sandberg, Neural development 2018 - GeneRIF: In this study use a combination of genomics, CRISPR/Cas9 engineering and TF motif analysis to investigate the transcriptional networks guiding development of the MGE and its descendants. Whereas NKX2-1 is required for initiating MGE characteristics in the VZ.
- Nkx1-2 is a transcriptional repressor and is essential for the activation of Brachyury in P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cell.
Tamashiro, Differentiation; research in biological diversity 2012 - GeneRIF: These results suggest that Nkx1-2 is a critical component of the gene regulatory network that operates downstream of Wnt/b-catenin signaling to regulate the formation of mesendoderm.
- Expression of substance P, neurokinin 1 receptors (NK1) and neurokinin 3 receptors in the developing mouse retina and in the retina of NK1 knockout mice.
Catalani, Neuroscience 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: In neurokinin 1 receptor knockout retinas no changes were seen: neurokinin 3 receptor mRNA levels as well as substance P and neurokinin 3 receptor immunostainings were similar to wild types.
LOC107440711 homeobox protein Hox-A1 from Parasteatoda tepidariorum
54% identity, 15% coverage
HXD4A_DANRE / O57374 Homeobox protein Hox-D4a; Hox-D4 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
54% identity, 28% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis
VAX1_MOUSE / Q2NKI2 Ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 4 papers)
55% identity, 18% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Required for axon guidance and major tract formation in the developing forebrain. May contribute to the differentiation of the neuroretina, pigmented epithelium and optic stalk.
VAX1_HUMAN / Q5SQQ9 Ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
55% identity, 18% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Required for axon guidance and major tract formation in the developing forebrain. May contribute to the differentiation of the neuroretina, pigmented epithelium and optic stalk (By similarity).
- Delivered complementation in planta (DCIP) enables measurement of peptide-mediated protein delivery efficiency in plants
Wang, Communications biology 2023 - “...(UniProt: Q9SB92), Shoot Meristemless (UniProt: Q38874), Zea mays WUS2 (UniProt: A0AAS6), Homo sapiens VAX1 (UniProt: Q5SQQ9), OCT4 (UniProt: D5K9R8), and Drosophila melanogaster ANTENNAPEDIA (UniProt: P02833) were aligned using UniProt Clustal Omega ( https://www.uniprot.org/align ). The aligned sequences were then prepared using the ESPript 3.0 web server...”
NP_997995 NK1 transcription factor related 2-like,a from Danio rerio
45% identity, 29% coverage
HM19_CAEEL / P26797 Homeobox protein ceh-19 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see paper)
NP_001023142 Homeobox protein ceh-19 from Caenorhabditis elegans
45% identity, 37% coverage
- function: Probable transcription factor (PubMed:23315936). Required for MC motor neuron differentiation and function, including role in modulating pharyngeal pumping (PubMed:23315936). Regulates gene expression of FMRFamide-like neuropeptide flp-2 in MC motor neurons (PubMed:23315936). May act downstream of transcription factor pha-4 (PubMed:23315936).
- The Caenorhabditis elegans homeobox gene ceh-19 is required for MC motorneuron function.
Feng, Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 2013 - GeneRIF: CEH-19 is required for activation for flp-2 gene and mc motorneuron function.
ZEN2_DROME / P09090 Protein zerknuellt 2; ZEN-2 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
44% identity, 29% coverage
- function: Required for the differentiation of the dorsal-ventral pattern, and does not appear to be involved in the process of segmentation.
HXD1_XENLA / Q08820 Homeobox protein Hox-D1; Hox.lab1; Labial protein; Xlab from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 2 papers)
54% identity, 18% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures. Acts downstream of meis3 to pattern the hindbrain.
XP_004004611 homeobox protein Hox-D1 from Ovis aries
41% identity, 23% coverage
E7FEH1 Homeobox protein MOX-2 from Danio rerio
47% identity, 21% coverage
- Insights Into the Peroxisomal Protein Inventory of Zebrafish
Kamoshita, Frontiers in physiology 2022 - “...). To verify the functionality of the PTS1 encoded in the D. rerio proteins Meox2a (E7FEH1), Cdc5l (E9QIC1), and Kctd5 (Q6NYY3), we generated expression plasmids for EGFP variants extended by the last 12 amino acids of these proteins. When expressed in COS-7 cells, PTS1-Meox2a was not...”
XP_039290045 uncharacterized protein LOC120352641 from Nilaparvata lugens
46% identity, 13% coverage
NP_571609 homeobox protein Hox-A3a from Danio rerio
56% identity, 14% coverage
LAB_DROME / P10105 Homeotic protein labial; F24; F90-2 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
55% identity, 10% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Required for proper head development
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...mouse Hoxa2 (mHoxa2, P31245); amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2 (AmphiHox2, BAA78621); Drosophila labial (lab, P10105); Drosophila proboscipedia (pb, P31264); Drosophila zerknllt (zen, AAF54087); mouse Pdx1 (mPdx1, P52946); amphioxus Xlox (AmphiXlox, AAC 39016); mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse...”
- Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...(P23792) SHT-receptor (P28285) Shaker-g (P08513) Labial (P10105) GRH/ELF1 (P13002) Suppressor 2 of zeste (P25172) Yan (Q01842) Daughterless (P11420)...”
XP_018124725 homeobox protein Hox-A1 from Xenopus laevis
46% identity, 22% coverage
HXA5_MOUSE / P09021 Homeobox protein Hox-A5; Homeobox protein Hox-1.3; Homeobox protein M2 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_034583 homeobox protein Hox-A5 from Mus musculus
49% identity, 27% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Also binds to its own promoter. Binds specifically to the motif 5'-CYYNATTA[TG]Y-3'
subunit: Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1. - Hypermethylation leads to the loss of HOXA5, resulting in JAG1 expression and NOTCH signaling contributing to kidney fibrosis.
Xiao, Kidney international 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hypermethylation leads to the loss of HOXA5, resulting in JAG1 expression and NOTCH signaling contributing to kidney fibrosis.
- The Transcription Factor HOXA5: Novel Insights into Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction.
Parrillo, Cells 2023 - GeneRIF: The Transcription Factor HOXA5: Novel Insights into Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction.
- Hoxa5 inhibits adipocyte proliferation through transcriptional regulation of Ccne1 and blocking JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice.
Pan, Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hoxa5 inhibits adipocyte proliferation through transcriptional regulation of Ccne1 and blocking JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice.
- HOXA5-Mediated Stabilization of IκBα Inhibits the NF-κB Pathway and Suppresses Malignant Transformation of Breast Epithelial Cells.
Pai, Cancer research 2022 - GeneRIF: HOXA5-Mediated Stabilization of IkappaBalpha Inhibits the NF-kappaB Pathway and Suppresses Malignant Transformation of Breast Epithelial Cells.
- HOXA5 inhibits the proliferation of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells by enhancing MXD1 expression and activating the p53 pathway.
Xiong, Cell death & disease 2022 - GeneRIF: HOXA5 inhibits the proliferation of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells by enhancing MXD1 expression and activating the p53 pathway.
- HINT1 (Histidine Triad Nucleotide-Binding Protein 1) Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Suppressing HOXA5 (Homeobox A5) Expression.
Zhang, Circulation 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HINT1 (Histidine Triad Nucleotide-Binding Protein 1) Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy Via Suppressing HOXA5 (Homeobox A5) Expression.
- HOXA5 induces M2 macrophage polarization to attenuate carotid atherosclerosis by activating MED1.
Jing, IUBMB life 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXA5 induces M2 macrophage polarization to attenuate carotid atherosclerosis by activating MED1.
- The protective effect of HOXA5 on carotid atherosclerosis occurs by modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype.
Jing, Molecular and cellular endocrinology 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The protective effect of HOXA5 on carotid atherosclerosis occurs by modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype.
- More
- Optimized Protocol for Isolation and Culture of Murine Neonatal Primary Lung Fibroblasts.
Fuentes-Mateos, Methods and protocols 2023 - “...Table 1 Primers used for RT-qPCR assays in lung fibroblasts. Gene Accession Number Sequence Hoxa5 P09021 F- CAGGGTCTGGTAGCGAGTGT R- CTCAGCCCCAGATCTACCC Hoxb5 P09079 F- CTGGTAGCGAGTATAGGCGG R- AGGGGCAGACTCCACAGATA Hoxc5 P32043 F- TTCTCGAGTTCCAGGGTCTG R- ATTTACCCGTGGATGACCAA Wnt2 P21552 F- TCTTGAAACAAGAATGCAAGTGTCA R- GAGATAGTCGCCTGTTTTCCTGAA Wnt2b O70283 F- CTGCTGCTGCTACTCCTGACT R- GGGGATGTTGTCACAGATCA FGF7 Q544I6...”
HXA5_HUMAN / P20719 Homeobox protein Hox-A5; Homeobox protein Hox-1C from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
NP_061975 homeobox protein Hox-A5 from Homo sapiens
47% identity, 29% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Also binds to its own promoter. Binds specifically to the motif 5'-CYYNATTA[TG]Y-3'
subunit: Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1. - Hypermethylation leads to the loss of HOXA5, resulting in JAG1 expression and NOTCH signaling contributing to kidney fibrosis.
Xiao, Kidney international 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hypermethylation leads to the loss of HOXA5, resulting in JAG1 expression and NOTCH signaling contributing to kidney fibrosis.
- HOXA5 is a key regulator of class 3 semaphorins expression in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Martínez-Ramos, Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2023 - GeneRIF: HOXA5 is a key regulator of class 3 semaphorins expression in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
- HOXA5 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma by suppressing the β-catenin/Snail signaling.
Jin, Neoplasma 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXA5 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma by suppressing the beta-catenin/Snail signaling.
- Deregulation of miR-375 Inhibits HOXA5 and Promotes Migration, Invasion, and Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer.
Moorthy, Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Deregulation of miR-375 Inhibits HOXA5 and Promotes Migration, Invasion, and Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer.
- The Transcription Factor HOXA5: Novel Insights into Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction.
Parrillo, Cells 2023 - GeneRIF: The Transcription Factor HOXA5: Novel Insights into Metabolic Diseases and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction.
- Epigenetic Dysregulation of the Homeobox A5 (HOXA5) Gene Associates with Subcutaneous Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Human Obesity.
Parrillo, Cells 2022 - GeneRIF: Epigenetic Dysregulation of the Homeobox A5 (HOXA5) Gene Associates with Subcutaneous Adipocyte Hypertrophy in Human Obesity.
- HOXA5 is amplified in glioblastoma stem cells and promotes tumor progression by transcriptionally activating PTPRZ1.
He, Cancer letters 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXA5 is amplified in glioblastoma stem cells and promotes tumor progression by transcriptionally activating PTPRZ1.
- Expression Landscape and Functional Roles of HOXA4 and HOXA5 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Gao, International journal of medical sciences 2022 - GeneRIF: Expression Landscape and Functional Roles of HOXA4 and HOXA5 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.
- More
- Systematic proteomics profiling of lysine crotonylation of the lung at Pseudoglandular and Canalicular phases in human fetus.
Wang, Proteome science 2023 - “...P20336 Ras-related protein Rab-3A RAB3A 3.028 Up Q9Y618 Nuclear receptor corepressor 2 NCOR2 2.975 Up P20719 Homeobox protein Hox-A5 HOXA5 2.412 Up Q02447 Transcription factor Sp3 SP3 2.286 Up P09429 High mobility group protein B1 HMGB1 2.279 Up P10600 Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein TGFB3 2.008...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse Hoxa5 (mHoxa5, P20719); mouse Hoxa6 (mHoxa6, P09092); mouse Hoxa7 (mHoxa7, P02830); mouse Hoxb8 (mHoxb8, P09078); amphioxus Hox4 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox5 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox6 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox7 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox8...”
NP_476613 labial, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
55% identity, 10% coverage
- Recognition of distinct target sites by a unique Labial/Extradenticle/Homothorax complex.
Ebner, Development (Cambridge, England) 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: selects different DNA sequences in regulating downstream target genes
- Hox gene cross-regulatory interactions in the embryonic brain of Drosophila.
Sprecher, Mechanisms of development 2004 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Labial, Ultrabithorax, Antennapedia, Extradenticle and Homothorax are regulated in a signal transduction pathway in developing Drosophila brain
- Differential effects of a labial mutation on the development, structure, and function of stomach acid-secreting cells in Drosophila melanogaster larvae and adults.
Dubreuil, Cell and tissue research 2001 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: labial protein was expressed in adult labk3/labvd1 copper cells, but not in larvae
VAX1_CHICK / Q9PVN2 Ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Gallus gallus (Chicken) (see paper)
55% identity, 18% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that plays a role in establishing dorsal-ventral polarity in the neural retina.
NP_990130 ventral anterior homeobox 1 from Gallus gallus
55% identity, 18% coverage
Lox1 / AAA19914.1 Lox1 protein from Hirudo medicinalis (see paper)
46% identity, 18% coverage
ROUGH_DROME / P10181 Homeobox protein rough from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 4 papers)
NP_733173 rough, isoform B from Drosophila melanogaster
57% identity, 15% coverage
- function: Required to establish the unique cell identity of photoreceptors R2 and R5 and consequently for ommatidial assembly in the developing eye imaginal disk. Repression of expression in R8 photoreceptor by senseless (sens) is an essential mechanism of R8 cell fate determination.
disruption phenotype: R2 and R5 fail to be correctly determined and appear to be transformed into cells of the R3/4/1/6 subtype. - Two-step selection of a single R8 photoreceptor: a bistable loop between senseless and rough locks in R8 fate.
Pepple, Development (Cambridge, England) 2008 - GeneRIF: new model for R8 photoreceptor selection in which lateral inhibition establishes a transient pattern of selected R8s that is permanently reinforced by a repressive bistable loop between sens and ro
- XenDB: full length cDNA prediction and cross species mapping in Xenopus laevis
Sczyrba, BMC genomics 2005 - “...38 11614 1 YES P00528 Tyrosine-protein kinase Src64B 4.30E-152 3 150 39 4073 1 NO P10181 Homeobox protein rough 3.10E-14 13 165 40 919 NO P20483 String protein (Cdc25-like 3.30E-40 3 43 41 1777 1 YES P36872 Twins protein (PR55) 0 2 41 42 9517 1...”
XP_006532343 homeobox protein Hox-B1 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
54% identity, 16% coverage
NP_523670 even skipped from Drosophila melanogaster
P06602 Segmentation protein even-skipped from Drosophila melanogaster
53% identity, 15% coverage
- Multifaceted effects on even-skipped transcriptional dynamics upon Krüppel dosage changes.
Lin, Development (Cambridge, England) 2024 - GeneRIF: Multifaceted effects on even-skipped transcriptional dynamics upon Kruppel dosage changes.
- Functional analysis of the Drosophila eve locus in response to non-canonical combinations of gap gene expression levels.
Haroush, Developmental cell 2023 - GeneRIF: Functional analysis of the Drosophila eve locus in response to non-canonical combinations of gap gene expression levels.
- An insulator blocks access to enhancers by an illegitimate promoter, preventing repression by transcriptional interference.
Fujioka, PLoS genetics 2021 - GeneRIF: An insulator blocks access to enhancers by an illegitimate promoter, preventing repression by transcriptional interference.
- A novel temporal identity window generates alternating Eve+/Nkx6+ motor neuron subtypes in a single progenitor lineage.
Seroka, Neural development 2020 - GeneRIF: A novel temporal identity window generates alternating Eve(+)/Nkx6(+) motor neuron subtypes in a single progenitor lineage.
- Kinetic sculpting of the seven stripes of the Drosophila even-skipped gene.
Berrocal, eLife 2020 - GeneRIF: Kinetic sculpting of the seven stripes of the Drosophila even-skipped gene.
- Distinct subsets of Eve-positive pericardial cells stabilise cardiac outflow and contribute to Hox gene-triggered heart morphogenesis in Drosophila.
Zmojdzian, Development (Cambridge, England) 2018 - GeneRIF: Pericardial cells that express the transcription factor Even Skipped adopt distinct fates along the anterior-posterior axis. Among them, the most anterior Antp-Ubx-AbdA-negative cells form a novel cardiac outflow component we call the outflow hanging structure, whereas the Antp-expressing cells differentiate into wing heart precursors.
- Hunchback is counter-repressed to regulate even-skipped stripe 2 expression in Drosophila embryos.
Vincent, PLoS genetics 2018 - GeneRIF: While Hunchback directly represses the eve stripe 3+7 enhancer, study found that in the eve stripe 2+7 enhancer, Hunchback repression is prevented by nearby sequences-this phenomenon is called counter-repression.
- Natural variation of the expression pattern of the segmentation gene even-skipped in melanogaster.
Jiang, Developmental biology 2015 - GeneRIF: natural variation in a conserved trait-even-skipped (eve) expression at the cellular blastoderm stage of embryonic development in Drosophila melanogaster, was investigated.
- More
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...amphioxus EvxA (Amphi EvxA , AAK58953); amphioxus EvxB (Amphi EvxB , AAK58954); Drosophila even-skipped (eve, P06602); mouse Gsh1 (mGsh1, P31315); mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316); amphioxus Gsx (AmphiGsx, AAC39015); Drosophila ind (ind, AAK77133); mouse Hoxa1 (mHoxa1, P09022); mouse Hoxa2 (mHoxa2, P31245); amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2...”
- Expression patterns of hairy, even-skipped, and runt in the spider Cupiennius salei imply that these genes were segmentation genes in a basal arthropod
Damen, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000 - “...evx1, P23683; Caenorhabditis, Q93899; Schistocerca, Z11845; Drosophila, P06602; Cupiennius, AJ252155. Fig. 1. Phylogram of the sequences most related to...”
P18488 Homeotic protein empty spiracles from Drosophila melanogaster
47% identity, 12% coverage
XP_006630061 GS homeobox 2 from Lepisosteus oculatus
56% identity, 24% coverage
- Gsx2, but not Gsx1, is necessary for early forebrain patterning and long-term survival in zebrafish
Coltogirone, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2023 - “...H. sapiens Gsx2 NP_573574.2 X. tropicalis Gsx2 AAI58504.1 O. latipes Gsx2 NP_001116381 L. oculatus Gsx2 XP_006630061 Drosophila melanogaster Ind NP_996087.2 TABLE 2 Table of primers, plasmids, and antibodies Primers and plasmids Gene Primer sequence Used for Additional information gsx1 FW: 5-AGCATTTGGTACACGAGCGA-3 RV: 5-GGTGTGGCGTACAGAGTCTT-3 Semiquantitative RT-PCR gsx2...”
NP_571200 homeobox protein Hox-D3a from Danio rerio
56% identity, 14% coverage
- Development of oculomotor circuitry independent of hox3 genes.
Ma, Nature communications 2014 - GeneRIF: Oculomotor circuits in hindbrain rhombomeres 5-6 develop and function independently of hox3 genes.
- [Expression pattern of hoxd3 gene during early development of wild-type zebrafish embryos].
Shu, Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: hoxd3 gene is mainly expressed in nervous system of wide-type zebrafish embryos.
HESX1_MOUSE / Q61658 Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1; Anterior-restricted homeobox protein; Homeobox protein ANF; Rathke pouch homeo box from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 2 papers)
46% identity, 38% coverage
- function: Required for the normal development of the forebrain, eyes and other anterior structures such as the olfactory placodes and pituitary gland. Possible transcriptional repressor. Binds to the palindromic PIII sequence, 5'-AGCTTGAGTCTAATTGAATTAACTGTAC-3'. HESX1 and PROP1 bind as heterodimers on this palindromic site, and, in vitro, HESX1 can antagonize PROP1 activation.
subunit: Can form heterodimers with PROP1 in binding to DNA Interacts with TLE1.
MEOX2_MOUSE / P32443 Homeobox protein MOX-2; Growth arrest-specific homeobox; Mesenchyme homeobox 2 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 6 papers)
NP_032610 homeobox protein MOX-2 from Mus musculus
43% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and somitogenesis and limb muscle differentiation (PubMed:10403250, PubMed:12925591, PubMed:1363541). Required during limb development for normal appendicular muscle formation and for the normal regulation of myogenic genes (PubMed:10403250). May have a regulatory role when quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells reenter the cell cycle (By similarity). Also acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:16116430). Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation (By similarity). While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA- dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner (By similarity). Together with TCF15, regulates transcription in heart endothelial cells to regulate fatty acid transport across heart endothelial cells (PubMed:25561514).
subunit: Interacts with RNF10 (By similarity). Interacts with TCF15 (PubMed:25561514).
disruption phenotype: Mice display defective differentiation and morphogenesis of the limb muscles, characterized by an overall reduction in muscle mass and elimination of specific muscles (PubMed:10403250, PubMed:12925591). Embryos also display a cleft palate phenotype at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:16284941). Mice lacking Meox1 and Meox2 show extremely disrupted somite morphogenesis, patterning and differentiation (PubMed:12925591). They lack an axial skeleton and skeletal muscles are severely deficient (PubMed:12925591). - Virulence network of interacting domains of influenza a and mouse proteins.
Ng, Frontiers in bioinformatics 2023 - “...( Farooq et al., 2020 ), homeobox protein MOX-2 (MEOX2) [ MEOX2_MOUSE, (UniProt accession number: P32443) ], containing the homeodomain-like domain, was identified to be interacting with IAV gene segments PB1, PA, NA, and M2 but not HA. By comparison, for DISPOT no interaction was detected...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Drosophila sequences. Gene names and accession numbers are as follows: mouse Mox2 (m Mox2 , P32443); mouse Mox1 (m Mox1 , P32442); amphioxus Mox (Amphi Mox , AAM09689); Drosophila buttonless (btn, AAF56025); mouse Evx1 (m Evx1 , P23683); mouse Evx2 (m Evx2 , P49749); amphioxus EvxA...”
- Transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox protein 2 (MEOX2) modulates nociceptor function.
Kokotović, The FEBS journal 2022 - GeneRIF: Transcription factor mesenchyme homeobox protein 2 (MEOX2) modulates nociceptor function.
- Facilitation of Bone Healing Processes Based on the Developmental Function of Meox2 in Tooth Loss Lesion.
Kim, International journal of molecular sciences 2020 - GeneRIF: Facilitation of Bone Healing Processes Based on the Developmental Function of Meox2 in Tooth Loss Lesion.
- Gax suppresses chemerin/CMKLR1-induced preadipocyte biofunctions through the inhibition of Akt/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways.
Jiang, Journal of cellular physiology 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Chemerin-CMKLR1 activates Akt/mTOR and ERK pathways and facilitates preadipocyte proliferation, adipogenesis, and angiogenesis. Gax weakens the effect of chemerin on preadipocyte biofunctions.
- Meox2 haploinsufficiency increases neuronal cell loss in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Soto, Neurobiology of aging 2016 - GeneRIF: Meox2 haploinsufficiency increases neuronal cell loss in Alzheimer's disease.
- Meox2/Tcf15 heterodimers program the heart capillary endothelium for cardiac fatty acid uptake.
Coppiello, Circulation 2015 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Microarray profiling on freshly isolated ECs had a genetic signature for microvascular heart ECs and identified Meox2/Tcf15 heterodimers as novel transcriptional determinants. This signature was similar in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue endothelium.
- miRNA screening reveals a new miRNA family stimulating iPS cell generation via regulation of Meox2.
Pfaff, EMBO reports 2011 - GeneRIF: The miRNA family miR-130/301/721 enhances induced pluripotent stem cells generation via repression of Meox2.
- Functional role of Meox2 during the epithelial cytostatic response to TGF-beta.
Valcourt, Molecular oncology 2007 - GeneRIF: ectopic Meox2 suppressed epithelial cell proliferation in cooperation with TGF-beta1, and mediated induction of the cell cycle inhibitor gene p21.
- Analysis of Meox-2 mutant mice reveals a novel postfusion-based cleft palate.
Jin, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: reduction of Meox-2 function is associated with susceptibility to cleft palate
- More
SCR_DROME / P09077 Homeotic protein Sex combs reduced from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
NP_524248 Sex combs reduced, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
NP_996165 Sex combs reduced, isoform B from Drosophila melanogaster
54% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Controls the segmental transformation of the first to the second thoracic segment (prothorax to mesothorax) and of the labial palps into maxillary palps. In embryo, required for fusion of labial lobes and development of the T1 denticle belt. In adult, expression in the head is necessary for proper development of the labium. In the first thoracic segment of the adult, required for proper development of the sex comb and to suppress improper prothoracic wing development.
- Biotea: RDFizing PubMed Central in support for the paper as an interface to the Web of Data.
Garcia, Journal of biomedical semantics 2013 - “...recognized by Whatizit as proteins; the first term was associated to two proteins Q93CH6 and P09077, the second term was associated to seventeen proteins Q59750, P30812, P23989, P06219, Q48727, Q56307, P70753, P26257, P81650, P0C1Y0, P77989, Q9K9C6, Q59140, O33815, P00722, Q47077, and Q1G9Z4. In the case of...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...(AmphiHox4, BAA78622); amphioxus Hox8 (AmphiHox4, BAA78622); Drosophila Deformed (Dfd, P07548); Drosophila Sex combs reduced (Scr, P09077); Drosophila fushi tarazu (ftz, P02835), Drosophila Antennapedia (Antp; P02833); Drosophila Ultrabithorax (Ubx, P02834); Drosophila abdominal-A (AbdA, P29555); mouse Cdx1 (mCdx1, P18111); mouse Cdx2 (mCdx1, P43241); mouse Cdx4 (mCdx4, Q07424); amphioxus...”
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...NP_001027665 Drosophila melanogaster / Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188 Esc_Hox5 AAR16189 Esc_Hox7 AAL25809 Esc_Post2 AAL25812 Flaccisagitta enflata / Fen Chaetognatha Fen_Hox1 ABS18809 Fen_Hox3 ABS18810 Fen_Hox4 ABS18811...”
- Duplicated Hox genes in the spider Cupiennius salei
Schwager, Frontiers in zoology 2007 - “...; Es : ABD46724 . ABD46727 , ABD46728 ; Dm : CAA45272 , NP_477201 , NP_524248 , NP_536752 ; Pf : CAB75743 , CAB75746 ; Sm : ABD16212 , Ps : BAE97002 . More importantly, it becomes clear that at least three Hox genes in Cupiennius...”
- A Distalless-responsive enhancer of the Hox gene Sex combs reduced is required for segment- and sex-specific sensory organ development in Drosophila.
Eksi, PLoS genetics 2018 - GeneRIF: Data show that the Distalless and Engrailed homeodomain transcription factors act through sequences in this enhancer to establish elevated Sex combs reduced (Scr) expression in spatially defined domains.
- Deconvolving the recognition of DNA shape from sequence.
Abe, Cell 2015 - GeneRIF: To test if Hox proteins directly use shape readout, study characterized Exd-Scr co-crystal structures. When minor groove-inserting residues of Scr were mutated to alanines, thus impairing its ability to use shape readout, the mutant proteins no longer preferred sequences containing these minor groove width minima.
- Asparagine deamidation reduces DNA-binding affinity of the Drosophila melanogaster Scr homeodomain.
O'Connell, FEBS letters 2015 - GeneRIF: Results from NMR spectroscopy show that spontaneous deamidation of Scr protein at residue Asn 321 reduces its affinity for target DNA.
- Evolution of sex comb from the primitive bristle pattern in Drosophila is associated with modification in the developmental regulatory protein Dachshund.
Devi, Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dynamic changes in Sex comb reduced protein expression are responsible for the diversity seen in sex comb morphology.
- Male- and female-specific variants of doublesex gene products have different roles to play towards regulation of Sex combs reduced expression and sex comb morphogenesis in Drosophila.
Devi, Journal of biosciences 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: male-like pattern of SCR expression is independent of dsx function, and dsx F must be responsible for bringing about dimorphism in SCR expression, whereas dsx M function is required with Scr for the morphogenesis of sex comb.
- Developmental competence and the induction of ectopic proboscises in Drosophila melanogaster.
Percival-Smith, Development genes and evolution 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Study shows that the LASCY, DYTQL, NANGE motifs, and the C-terminal domain of SCR mediate suppression of induction of ectopic proboscis identity, which would explain why co-expression of PB and SCR is unable to induce ectopic proboscises.
- Dimer formation via the homeodomain is required for function and specificity of Sex combs reduced in Drosophila.
Papadopoulos, Developmental biology 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Results indicate that Scr functions as a homodimer to increase its transcriptional specificity and suggest that the formation of homeodomain (HD) homo- or heterodimers might underlie the functional distinction between very similar HD proteins in vivo.
- Evolution of sex-specific traits through changes in HOX-dependent doublesex expression.
Tanaka, PLoS biology 2011 - GeneRIF: alteration in Scr expression expands or contracts the doublesex domain, and vice versa
- More
HXB1B_DANRE / Q90423 Homeobox protein Hox-B1b; Homeobox protein Hox-A1 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
46% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor. Part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures. Seems to act in the maintenance and/or generation of hindbrain segments.
NKX11_DANRE / Q75W95 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1; Homeodomain protein Sax2; NK1 transcription factor related 2-like,b from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
NP_998713 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 1 from Danio rerio
44% identity, 19% coverage
MEOX2_RAT / P39020 Homeobox protein MOX-2; Growth arrest-specific homeobox; Mesenchyme homeobox 2 from Rattus norvegicus (Rat) (see paper)
47% identity, 25% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and somitogenesis and limb muscle differentiation. Required during limb development for normal appendicular muscle formation and for the normal regulation of myogenic genes (By similarity). May have a regulatory role when quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells reenter the cell cycle (PubMed:8098844). Also acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis. Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation. While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA-dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner (By similarity). Together with TCF15, regulates transcription in heart endothelial cells to regulate fatty acid transport across heart endothelial cells (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with RNF10 (By similarity). Interacts with TCF15 (By similarity).
NP_001005427 homeobox protein MOX-2 from Gallus gallus
43% identity, 25% coverage
NP_034597 homeobox protein Hox-D1 from Mus musculus
42% identity, 22% coverage
NP_571355 homeobox protein EMX2 from Danio rerio
48% identity, 24% coverage
NP_005184 homeobox protein CDX-4 from Homo sapiens
46% identity, 25% coverage
VAX2_MOUSE / Q9WTP9 Ventral anterior homeobox 2; Ventral retina homeodomain protein from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 5 papers)
Q14B19 Ventral anterior homeobox containing gene 2 from Mus musculus
NP_036042 ventral anterior homeobox 2 from Mus musculus
56% identity, 20% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Regulates the expression of Wnt signaling antagonists including the expression of a truncated TCF7L2 isoform that cannot bind CTNNB1 and acts therefore as a potent dominant-negative Wnt antagonist. Plays a crucial role in eye development and, in particular, in the specification of the ventral optic vesicle. May be a regulator of axial polarization in the retina.
- Identification of an Alternative Splicing Product of the Otx2 Gene Expressed in the Neural Retina and Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells
Kole, PloS one 2016 - “...Exon skipping + + BC024842.1 - Vax2 Mouse LA0AAA100YK05.CONTIG 6a Exon skipping + - Y17792.1 Q14B19 Mouse LA0AAA124YD10.CONTIG 6b - + + New - * Reference sequence. # Several spliced variants with an initiation codon were initially indentified but none correspond to the reference sequence. OTX2...”
- “...the Vax2 clone 6b has an extra exon 3 compared to the reference VAX2 protein, Q14B19. Most of the transcription factors candidates have a role in retinal development [ 39 42 ]. For example, Rorb knockout mouse has abnormal photoreceptors [ 43 ] and Vax2 counteracts...”
- Vax1/2 genes counteract Mitf-induced respecification of the retinal pigment epithelium.
Ou, PloS one 2013 - GeneRIF: Vax1 and Vax2 genes counteract Mitf-induced respecification of the retinal pigment epithelium.
- Vax2 regulates retinoic acid distribution and cone opsin expression in the vertebrate eye.
Alfano, Development (Cambridge, England) 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Vax2 is both necessary and sufficient for the control of intraretinal retinoic acid metabolism, which in turn contributes to the appropriate expression of cone opsins in the vertebrate eye.
NP_001027665 Hox 5 from Ciona intestinalis
46% identity, 33% coverage
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...Nematoda Cel_Hox1 CAA34929 Ciona intestinalis / Cin Chordata Cin_Hox1 NP_001122333 Cin_Hox2 CAD59668 Cin_Hox4 NP_001027781 Cin_Hox5 NP_001027665 Drosophila melanogaster / Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188 Esc_Hox5 AAR16189...”
P23683 Homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 1 from Mus musculus
NP_031992 homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 1 from Mus musculus
51% identity, 14% coverage
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...amphioxus Mox (Amphi Mox , AAM09689); Drosophila buttonless (btn, AAF56025); mouse Evx1 (m Evx1 , P23683); mouse Evx2 (m Evx2 , P49749); amphioxus EvxA (Amphi EvxA , AAK58953); amphioxus EvxB (Amphi EvxB , AAK58954); Drosophila even-skipped (eve, P06602); mouse Gsh1 (mGsh1, P31315); mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316);...”
- The Evx1/Evx1as gene locus regulates anterior-posterior patterning during gastrulation.
Bell, Scientific reports 2016 - GeneRIF: Evx1as has no function independent of EVX1, and is therefore unlikely to act in trans.
NP_001980 homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 1 isoform 1 from Homo sapiens
P49640 Homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 1 from Homo sapiens
51% identity, 14% coverage
- Contribution of EVX1 in Aggressiveness of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Mallak, Pathology oncology research : POR 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Low EVX1 expression is Correlated with Aggressiveness of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
- EVEN-SKIPPED HOMEOBOX 1 controls human ES cell differentiation by directly repressing GOOSECOID expression.
Kalisz, Developmental biology 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Even-skipped homeobox 1 controls human embryonic stem cell differentiation by directly repressing Goosecoid expression.
- Designed Multifunctional Peptides for Intracellular Targets
Juretić, Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 - “...human sequences, too (see Homeobox even-skipped homolog proteins 1 and 2 with the UniProt links P49640 and Q03828). The penetratins biological role in a homeodomain is to serve as a major aggregation site for DNA-binding residues. The same is likely to hold for all other presented...”
- Ancient genome duplications did not structure the human Hox-bearing chromosomes
Hughes, Genome research 2001 - “...[12], ERBB2 (P04626) [17] EVX2 (Q03828) [2], EVX1 (P49640) [7] FR1 (AB017363) [2], FR7 (AB017365) [7] GLI2 (P10070) [2], GLI3 (P10071) [7], GLI1 (P08151)...”
NP_001009885 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1 from Danio rerio
48% identity, 19% coverage
CG34031 uncharacterized protein from Drosophila melanogaster
48% identity, 26% coverage
- Evolution of the Spider Homeobox Gene Repertoire by Tandem and Whole Genome Duplication
Aase-Remedios, Molecular biology and evolution 2023 - “...late ( lbl ) Hox9-15 Abd-B Abdominal-B ( Abd-B ) Hhex Hhex HHEX Abox Abox CG34031 Noto Noto CG18599 Dbx Dbx Dbx Emx Emx ems, E5 Dlx Dlx Distalless (Dll) NK2 (ANTP) NK2.1 NK2.1 scarecrow ( scro ) En En engrailed ( en ) , invected...”
- Transcriptome Analysis of Long-lived Drosophila melanogaster E(z) Mutants Sheds Light on the Molecular Mechanisms of Longevity
Moskalev, Scientific reports 2019 - “...identified: Unc-115b , p24-2 , tobi , Ir76a , CG13313 , CG3397 , CG4098 , CG34031 , CG12224 , and CG13460 . The genes showing a decrease in expression include (LogFC <2, FDR <0.05) CG32379 , CR44138 , and CG42857 (Supplementary Table 5 ). The most...”
- “...are Drosophila ortholog of developing brain homeobox ( Dbx ), Ultrabithorax ( Ubx ), and CG34031 genes, which belong to the homeobox (Hox) gene family. All other genes failed to pass the p-value threshold. We observed a slight increase in the expression of Ubx gene, while...”
- Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Essential Genes in Centromeric Heterochromatin of the Left Arm of Chromosome 3 in Drosophila melanogaster
Syrzycka, G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 2019 - “...V12441 SL/F (M: 0%, FE: 9%), V/F, SL (M: 19%; FE: 29%)/F n-acetylcholine receptor, neurotransmission. CG34031 V109096 V/F Unknown. vps11/CG32350 V24731, V107420 L, V/F Vacuolar protein sorting, lysosomes/late endosome function. CG33217 V47818, V103309, BL43315, BL43167 L, L, L, L Unknown. CKIIalpha not tested N/A Diurnal rhythm...”
- Activation of Ftz-F1-Responsive Genes through Ftz/Ftz-F1 Dependent Enhancers
Field, PloS one 2016 - “...y z n NK7.1 y NK7.1 y zen2 y zen2 y Oct n Oct n CG34031 y CG34031 y OdsH y D n Optix y Optix y fkh n Pph13 y Pph13 y H2.0 y H2.0 y Rx y PHDP y PHDP y Scr y Scr...”
- High-throughput cis-regulatory element discovery in the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti
Behura, BMC genomics 2016 (no snippet)
XP_006526827 pituitary homeobox 3 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
43% identity, 19% coverage
- The Crucial Roles of Pitx3 in Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Development and Parkinson's Disease-Associated Neurodegeneration.
Wang, International journal of molecular sciences 2023 - GeneRIF: The Crucial Roles of Pitx3 in Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Development and Parkinson's Disease-Associated Neurodegeneration.
- Activation of CB2R with AM1241 ameliorates neurodegeneration via the Xist/miR-133b-3p/Pitx3 axis.
He, Journal of cellular physiology 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Activation of CB2R with AM1241 ameliorates neurodegeneration via the Xist/miR-133b-3p/Pitx3 axis.
- Hypomorphic Expression of Pitx3 Disrupts Circadian Clocks and Prevents Metabolic Entrainment of Energy Expenditure.
Del, Cell reports 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hypomorphic Expression of Pitx3 Disrupts Circadian Clocks and Prevents Metabolic Entrainment of Energy Expenditure.
- The role of Pitx2 and Pitx3 in muscle stem cells gives new insights into P38α MAP kinase and redox regulation of muscle regeneration.
L'honoré, eLife 2018 - GeneRIF: Using Pitx2/3 single and double mutant mice that provide genetic models of deregulated redox states, we demonstrate that moderate overproduction of ROS results in premature differentiation of satellite cells while high levels lead to their senescence and regenerative failure
- Specificity of Pitx3-Dependent Gene Regulatory Networks in Subsets of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons.
Bifsha, Molecular neurobiology 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: that Pitx3 is co-recruited to regions that foster the formation of GATA-bHLH-BRN complexes, which usually involve Lmo co-regulatory proteins
- Pitx3 and En1 determine the size and molecular programming of the dopaminergic neuronal pool.
Kouwenhoven, PloS one 2017 - GeneRIF: in absence of En1 and Pitx3, only a limited number of Mesodiencephalic dopaminergic neurons are present in mouse embryo.
- Differences in the spatiotemporal expression and epistatic gene regulation of the mesodiencephalic dopaminergic precursor marker PITX3 during chicken and mouse development.
Klafke, Development (Cambridge, England) 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway is both necessary and sufficient for the induction of ectopic PITX3 expression in chick mesencephalon downstream of WNT9A-induced LMX1a transcription.
- Pitx3 deficiency produces decreased dopamine signaling and induces motor deficits in Pitx3(-/-) mice.
Le, Neurobiology of aging 2015 - GeneRIF: Pitx3 is specifically required for DA-related function and, if impaired, Pitx3 could contribute during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
- More
NP_058845 homeobox protein MOX-2 from Rattus norvegicus
43% identity, 24% coverage
- RING Finger Protein 10 Regulates AP-1/Meox2 to Mediate Pirarubicin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.
Shi, Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2023 - GeneRIF: RING Finger Protein 10 Regulates AP-1/Meox2 to Mediate Pirarubicin-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.
- The Ski-Zeb2-Meox2 pathway provides a novel mechanism for regulation of the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype.
Cunnington, Journal of cell science 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Ski modulates the cardiac myofibroblast phenotype and function through suppression of Zeb2 by upregulating the expression of Meox2.
- Gax inhibits perivascular preadipocyte biofunction mediated by IGF-1 induced FAK/Pyk2 and ERK2 cooperative pathways.
Liu, Cellular signalling 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The present study was designed to investigate whether FAK/Pyk2 and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways participate in Perivascular adipocyte functions, which is activated by insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and inhibited by Gax.
- Involvement of Gax gene in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, proliferation, and apoptosis of arterial smooth muscle cells.
Xia, American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hypoxia suppressed the expression of endogenous Gax in rats, but not in those pretreated intratracheally with a Gax construct.
- MEOX2 regulates nuclear factor-kappaB activity in vascular endothelial cells through interactions with p65 and IkappaBbeta.
Chen, Cardiovascular research 2010 - GeneRIF: Report of an interaction between a homeobox protein and IkappaBbeta in endothelial cells and suggest that MEOX2 modulates the activity of the RelA complex through direct interaction with its components.
- Angiotensin II suppresses growth arrest specific homeobox (Gax) expression via redox-sensitive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
Saito, Regulatory peptides 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: demonstrated that Ang II down-regulated Gax expression via redox-sensitive ERK1/2 activation in vascular smooth muscle cells [Gax]
NP_731868 empty spiracles from Drosophila melanogaster
47% identity, 12% coverage
- Drosophila Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase (Hipk) Phosphorylates the Homeodomain Proteins Homeobrain, Empty Spiracles, and Muscle Segment Homeobox.
Steinmetz, International journal of molecular sciences 2019 - GeneRIF: The phosphorylation of Hbn, Ems, and Msh may provide further insight into the function of Hipk during development of the Drosophila nervous system.
- Expression and function of the empty spiracles gene in olfactory sense organ development of Drosophila melanogaster.
Sen, Development (Cambridge, England) 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Expression and function of empty spiracles gene in olfactory sense organ development.
- Ems and Nkx6 are central regulators in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain.
Seibert, Development (Cambridge, England) 2009 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: These results indicate that the anteroposterior patterning gene ems controls the expression of DV genes, and vice versa.
- Empty spiracles is required for the development of olfactory projection neuron circuitry in Drosophila.
Lichtneckert, Development (Cambridge, England) 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: ems is required for the olfactory circuitry.
- Anteroposterior regionalization of the brain: genetic and comparative aspects.
Lichtneckert, Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data show that ems gene is involved in the specification of the anterior brain during embryonic CNS development in Drosophila.
- Drosophila olfactory local interneurons and projection neurons derive from a common neuroblast lineage specified by the empty spiracles gene.
Das, Neural development 2008 - GeneRIF: Data show that Drosophila olfactory local interneurons and projection neurons derive from a common neuroblast lineage specified by the empty spiracles gene.
- Cell lineage-specific expression and function of the empty spiracles gene in adult brain development of Drosophila melanogaster.
Lichtneckert, Development (Cambridge, England) 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: ems is expressed in the mature adult brain and is autonomously required for the correct number of cells in the persistently expressing adult-specific lineage.
NP_001258382 homeobox protein GBX-1 from Rattus norvegicus
49% identity, 14% coverage
XP_017894255 homeobox protein Hox-D1 from Capra hircus
40% identity, 23% coverage
NP_001009886 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 2a from Danio rerio
45% identity, 21% coverage
NP_001009887 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 2b isoform 2 from Danio rerio
48% identity, 18% coverage
NP_996087 intermediate neuroblasts defective from Drosophila melanogaster
53% identity, 18% coverage
- Conserved Gsx2/Ind homeodomain monomer versus homodimer DNA binding defines regulatory outcomes in flies and mice.
Salomone, Genes & development 2021 - GeneRIF: Conserved Gsx2/Ind homeodomain monomer versus homodimer DNA binding defines regulatory outcomes in flies and mice.
- Kinetics of gene derepression by ERK signaling.
Lim, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 - GeneRIF: ERK signaling during Drosophila embryogenesis, is at a stage when ERK induces transcription of intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind), a gene essential for patterning of the nerve cord.
- Phosphorylation of Ind by MAP kinase enhances Ind-dependent transcriptional repression.
Moses, Developmental biology 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: EGF signaling, acting through MAP kinase, impinges on multiple aspects of Ind regulatory activity.
- Role of en and novel interactions between msh, ind, and vnd in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain and ventral nerve cord.
Seibert, Developmental biology 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: cross-repression between Ind and Msh stabilizes the border between intermediate and dorsal tritocerebrum and deutocerebrum, and that both transcription factors are competent to inhibit vnd expression
- Identification of Ind transcription activation and repression domains required for dorsoventral patterning of the CNS.
Von, Mechanisms of development 2009 - GeneRIF: The function of Ind in regulating vnd expression is one of refinement and maintenance of the dorsal border.
- Ind represses msh expression in the intermediate column of the Drosophila neuroectoderm, through direct interaction with upstream regulatory DNA.
Von, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2009 - GeneRIF: expression is expanded ventrally in ind mutant embryos and Ind protein directly and specifically bound to the msh regulatory DNA, and this interaction was required to limit the ventral boundary of msh expression.
- Dorsoventral patterning of the brain: a comparative approach.
Urbach, Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data show that expression of gene ind is invloved in dorsoventral regionalization within the developing brain and truncal nervous system in Drosophilia.
- Identification of an upstream regulatory element reveals a novel requirement for Ind activity in maintaining ind expression.
Von, Mechanisms of development 2007 - GeneRIF: Can act as a transcriptional activator; positive autoregulation of Ind is a mechanism for persistent ind expression within the developing embryonic nervous system.
- More
MEOX2_HUMAN / P50222 Homeobox protein MOX-2; Growth arrest-specific homeobox; Mesenchyme homeobox 2 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 6 papers)
NP_005915 homeobox protein MOX-2 from Homo sapiens
43% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and somitogenesis and limb muscle differentiation (By similarity). Required during limb development for normal appendicular muscle formation and for the normal regulation of myogenic genes (By similarity). May have a regulatory role when quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells reenter the cell cycle (By similarity). Also acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:17074759, PubMed:20516212, PubMed:22206000). Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation (PubMed:17074759, PubMed:22206000). While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA- dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner (PubMed:22206000). Together with TCF15, regulates transcription in heart endothelial cells to regulate fatty acid transport across heart endothelial cells (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with RNF10 (PubMed:16335786). Interacts with TCF15 (By similarity). - Mesenchyme homeobox 2 has a cancer-inhibiting function in breast carcinoma via affection of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways.
Cai, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Mesenchyme homeobox 2 has a cancer-inhibiting function in breast carcinoma via affection of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways.
- MEOX2-mediated regulation of Cathepsin S promotes cell proliferation and motility in glioma.
Wang, Cell death & disease 2022 - GeneRIF: MEOX2-mediated regulation of Cathepsin S promotes cell proliferation and motility in glioma.
- MEOX2 homeobox gene promotes growth of malignant gliomas.
Schönrock, Neuro-oncology 2022 - GeneRIF: MEOX2 homeobox gene promotes growth of malignant gliomas.
- Low expression of MEOX2 is associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer.
Wang, Biomarkers in medicine 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Low expression of MEOX2 is associated with poor survival in patients with breast cancer.
- Tumor-derived exosomal miRNA-141 promote angiogenesis and malignant progression of lung cancer by targeting growth arrest-specific homeobox gene (GAX).
Wang, Bioengineered 2021 - GeneRIF: Tumor-derived exosomal miRNA-141 promote angiogenesis and malignant progression of lung cancer by targeting growth arrest-specific homeobox gene (GAX).
- Exosomal circular RNA circ_0074673 regulates the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via the microRNA-1200/MEOX2 axis.
Huang, Bioengineered 2021 - GeneRIF: Exosomal circular RNA circ_0074673 regulates the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via the microRNA-1200/MEOX2 axis.
- Identification of Diagnostic Signatures and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Integrating Bioinformatic Analysis and Machine-Learning Strategies.
Yu, Frontiers in immunology 2021 - GeneRIF: Identification of Diagnostic Signatures and Immune Cell Infiltration Characteristics in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Integrating Bioinformatic Analysis and Machine-Learning Strategies.
- Facilitation of Bone Healing Processes Based on the Developmental Function of Meox2 in Tooth Loss Lesion.
Kim, International journal of molecular sciences 2020 - GeneRIF: Facilitation of Bone Healing Processes Based on the Developmental Function of Meox2 in Tooth Loss Lesion.
- More
NP_648164 extra-extra from Drosophila melanogaster
48% identity, 11% coverage
- dHb9 expressing larval motor neurons persist through metamorphosis to innervate adult-specific muscle targets and function in Drosophila eclosion.
Banerjee, Developmental neurobiology 2016 - GeneRIF: found that segment specific cell death of some dHb9 expressing motor neurons occurs throughout the metamorphosis period and continues into the post-eclosion period
- Genome-wide identification of Drosophila Hb9 targets reveals a pivotal role in directing the transcriptome within eight neuronal lineages, including activation of nitric oxide synthase and Fd59a/Fox-D.
Lacin, Developmental biology 2014 - GeneRIF: Hb9 governs neuronal specification and differentiation and activates expression of Nos and fd59a in the Drosophila CNS
- The homeodomain transcription factor Hb9 controls axon guidance in Drosophila through the regulation of Robo receptors.
Santiago, Cell reports 2014 - GeneRIF: Data identify Robo2 and Robo3 as key effectors of Hb9 in regulating nervous system development.
- dbx mediates neuronal specification and differentiation through cross-repressive, lineage-specific interactions with eve and hb9.
Lacin, Development (Cambridge, England) 2009 - GeneRIF: the single ortholog of Dbx1/2 contributes to the development of specific subsets of interneurons via cross-repressive, lineage-specific interactions with the motoneuron-promoting factors eve and hb9 (exex)
- Drosophila homeodomain protein dHb9 directs neuronal fate via crossrepressive and cell-nonautonomous mechanisms.
Broihier, Neuron 2002 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Hb9 regulates neuronal fate by restricting expression of Lim3 and Eve proteins. Hb9 plays a role in intercellular signaling for the establishment of neuronal fate. Hb9 and Eve regulate each other's expression through Groucho-dependent crossrepression.
- Drosophila HB9 is expressed in a subset of motoneurons and interneurons, where it regulates gene expression and axon pathfinding.
Odden, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2002 - GeneRIF: Drosophila HB9 is required in a subset of motoneurons and interneurons for establishing proper axon projections
EMX2_HUMAN / Q04743 Homeobox protein EMX2; Empty spiracles homolog 2; Empty spiracles-like protein 2 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_004089 homeobox protein EMX2 isoform 1 from Homo sapiens
48% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX1, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain. May function in combination with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system. In the inner ear, it controls the distribution of GPR156 at hair cell boundaries, and regulates the organization of stereociliary bundles in opposite orientations across the line of polarity reversal (LPR).
subunit: Interacts with translation initiation factor EIF4E. - EMX2 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progress via modulating Akt/FOXO3a pathway.
Zhou, Molecular carcinogenesis 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: EMX2 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progress via modulating Akt/FOXO3a pathway.
- Spatial control of astrogenesis progression by cortical arealization genes.
Santo, Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Spatial control of astrogenesis progression by cortical arealization genes.
- Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2.
Jimenez-García, Cell death & disease 2021 - GeneRIF: Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2.
- Empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2 regulate WNT pathway activation in sarcomagenesis.
Jimenez-García, Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR 2021 - GeneRIF: Empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2 regulate WNT pathway activation in sarcomagenesis.
- Wnt and BMP signaling pathways co-operatively induce the differentiation of multiple myeloma mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts by upregulating EMX2.
Wei, Journal of cellular biochemistry 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Low EMX2 expression is associated with multiple myeloma.
- A missense mutation in SNRPE linked to non-syndromal microcephaly interferes with U snRNP assembly and pre-mRNA splicing.
Chen, PLoS genetics 2019 - GeneRIF: Results identify the EMX2 mRNA as a major miss-spliced down stream target of SNRPE with heterozygous missense mutation causing microcephaly.
- The downregulation of lncRNA EMX2OS might independently predict shorter recurrence-free survival of classical papillary thyroid cancer.
Gu, PloS one 2018 - GeneRIF: In the three variants of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), EMX2 was significantly downregulated in classical PTC, while EMX2OS was significantly downregulated in follicular and classical PTC, compared with adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that EMX2 and EMX2OS expression was not related to relapse-free survival in follicular PTC.
- Empty Spiracles Homeobox 2 (EMX2) Inhibits the Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Colorectal Cancer Cells.
Zhang, Oncology research 2017 - GeneRIF: EMX2 inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis through inactivation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in CRC cells.
- More
EMX2_MOUSE / Q04744 Homeobox protein EMX2; Empty spiracles homolog 2; Empty spiracles-like protein 2 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 4 papers)
48% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX1, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain (PubMed:1352754). May function in combination with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system. In the inner ear, it controls the distribution of GPR156 at hair cell boundaries, and regulates the organization of stereociliary bundles in opposite orientations across the line of polarity reversal (LPR) (PubMed:34001891).
subunit: Interacts with translation initiation factor EIF4E. - Niche-independent symmetrical self-renewal of a mammalian tissue stem cell
Conti, PLoS biology 2005 - “...gene products discussed in this paper are Ascl1 (Mash1) (Q02067), Dlx2 (P40764), Egf (P01132), Emx2 (Q04744), Fabp7 (BLBP, B-FABP), (P51880), Fgf2 (bFGF) (P15655), Gad1 (Gad67) (P48318), Gfap (P03995), Nanog (Q7TN85), Nestin (Q6P5H2), Olig2 (Q9EQW6), Pax6 (P63015), Pax7 (P47239), Pou5f1 (Oct4, Oct3/4) (P20263), Slc1a3 (Glast) (P56564), Sox1...”
XP_025007825 homeobox protein EMX2 isoform X1 from Gallus gallus
48% identity, 24% coverage
MNX1_HUMAN / P50219 Motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1; Homeobox protein HB9 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 4 papers)
NP_005506 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1 isoform 1 from Homo sapiens
48% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Transcription factor (By similarity). Recognizes and binds to the regulatory elements of target genes, such as visual system homeobox CHX10, negatively modulating transcription (By similarity). Plays a role in establishing motor neuron identity, in concert with LIM domain transcription factor LMO4 (By similarity). Involved in negatively modulating transcription of interneuron genes in motor neurons, acting, at least in part, by blocking regulatory sequence interactions of the ISL1-LHX3 complex (By similarity). Involved in pancreas development and function; may play a role in pancreatic cell fate specification (By similarity).
- Aberrant MNX1 expression associated with t(7;12)(q36;p13) pediatric acute myeloid leukemia induces the disease through altering histone methylation.
Waraky, Haematologica 2024 - GeneRIF: Aberrant MNX1 expression associated with t(7;12)(q36;p13) pediatric acute myeloid leukemia induces the disease through altering histone methylation.
- MNX1-HNF1B Axis Is Indispensable for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Lineages.
Kato, Gastroenterology 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: MNX1-HNF1B Axis Is Indispensable for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Lineages.
- An induced pluripotent stem cell t(7;12)(q36;p13) acute myeloid leukemia model shows high expression of MNX1 and a block in differentiation of the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages.
Nilsson, International journal of cancer 2022 - GeneRIF: An induced pluripotent stem cell t(7;12)(q36;p13) acute myeloid leukemia model shows high expression of MNX1 and a block in differentiation of the erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages.
- Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies MNX1 and Associated Antisense Transcripts as Biomarkers for Cancer.
Ragusa, Cells 2022 - GeneRIF: Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies MNX1 and Associated Antisense Transcripts as Biomarkers for Cancer.
- Long noncoding RNA MNX1-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition by sponging MiR-744-5p in colorectal cancer.
Huang, Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Long noncoding RNA MNX1-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition by sponging MiR-744-5p in colorectal cancer.
- Global transcriptome profile of the developmental principles of in vitro iPSC-to-motor neuron differentiation.
Solomon, BMC molecular and cell biology 2021 - GeneRIF: Global transcriptome profile of the developmental principles of in vitro iPSC-to-motor neuron differentiation.
- Presacral neuroendocrine tumors associated with the Currarino syndrome.
Scott, American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Presacral neuroendocrine tumors associated with the Currarino syndrome.
- Novel MNX1 mutations and genotype-phenotype analysis of patients with Currarino syndrome.
Han, Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2020 - GeneRIF: Novel MNX1 mutations and genotype-phenotype analysis of patients with Currarino syndrome.
- More
- Currarino syndrome: a comprehensive genetic review of a rare congenital disorder.
Dworschak, Orphanet journal of rare diseases 2021 - “...]. The gene locates to 7q36.3, consists of three exons and, according to UniProtKB entry P50219, the resultant protein comprises 401 amino acids. The use of an alternate 5-exon may result in a shorter isoform 2 (189 residues), displaying a distinct aminoterminus (see below). MNX1 functions...”
- Neurological proteins are not enriched for repetitive sequences
Huntley, Genetics 2004 - “...Developmental AT-binding transcription factor 1 XP_051813 3703 AAC51657 XP_003460 P50219 2375 1138 401 A7, A5, E15, E8, G14, G6, P12, P5, Q19, Q8, Q6, Q5, Q5...”
MNX1_MOUSE / Q9QZW9 Motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1; Homeobox protein HB9 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 2 papers)
48% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Transcription factor (PubMed:18539116). Recognizes and binds to the regulatory elements of target genes, such as visual system homeobox CHX10, negatively modulating transcription (PubMed:18539116). Plays a role in establishing motor neuron identity, in concert with LIM domain transcription cofactor LMO4 (PubMed:18539116). Involved in negatively modulating transcription of interneuron genes in motor neurons, acting, at least in part, by blocking interactions of ISL1- LHX3 complexes with regulatory elements (PubMed:18539116). Involved in pancreas development and function; may play a role in pancreatic cell fate specification (PubMed:10471502).
disruption phenotype: Perinatal lethality and dorsal lobe of the pancreas fails to develop (PubMed:10471502). Reduction in the size of the islets of Langerhans, probably as a result of fewer beta-cells (PubMed:10471502). Additional ectopic V2 interneurons (V2-INs) at all axial levels of the spinal cord; phenotype exacerbated in an LMO4 mutant background (PubMed:18539116). Genes typically expressed in V2- INs expressed ectopically in motor neurons (MNs); phenotype exacerbated in an LMO4 mutant background (PubMed:18539116). Abnormal guidance of motor axons in an LMO4 mutant background (PubMed:18539116).
MNX1_RAT / M0R6D8 Motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1; Homeobox protein HB9 from Rattus norvegicus (Rat) (see paper)
NP_001258203 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1 from Rattus norvegicus
48% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Transcription factor (PubMed:18539116). Recognizes and binds to the regulatory elements of target genes, such as visual system homeobox CHX10, negatively modulating transcription (By similarity). Plays a role in establishing motor neuron identity, in concert with LIM domain transcription factor LMO4 (By similarity). Involved in negatively modulating transcription of interneuron genes in motor neurons, acting, at least in part, by blocking regulatory sequence interactions of the ISL1-LHX3 complex (By similarity). Involved in pancreas development and function; may play a role in pancreatic cell fate specification (By similarity).
- GSK-3β protein phosphorylates and stabilizes HLXB9 protein in insulinoma cells to form a targetable mechanism of controlling insulinoma cell proliferation.
Desai, The Journal of biological chemistry 2014 - GeneRIF: Both pHLXB9 and active GSK-3beta are elevated in beta cells with menin knockdown, in MEN1-associated beta cell tumors (insulinomas)
NP_571518 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Danio rerio
57% identity, 24% coverage
XP_793141 homeobox protein Hox-A7 from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
53% identity, 19% coverage
NP_064328 motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1 from Mus musculus
48% identity, 14% coverage
- The homeobox transcription factor HB9 induces senescence and blocks differentiation in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
Ingenhag, Haematologica 2019 - GeneRIF: the novel findings of HB9-dependent premature senescence and myeloid-biased perturbed hematopoietic differentiation, for the first time shed light on the oncogenic properties of HB9 in translocation t(7;12) acute myeloid leukemia.
- Spinal Hb9::Cre-derived excitatory interneurons contribute to rhythm generation in the mouse.
Caldeira, Scientific reports 2017 - GeneRIF: excitatory Hb9::Cre-derived interneurons constitute a distinct population of neurons that participates in the rhythm generating kernel for spinal locomotion.
- Pro-oncogenic Roles of HLXB9 Protein in Insulinoma Cells through Interaction with Nono Protein and Down-regulation of the c-Met Inhibitor Cblb (Casitas B-lineage Lymphoma b).
Desai, The Journal of biological chemistry 2015 - GeneRIF: provide mechanistic insights into the role of phospho-HLXB9 as a pro-oncogenic factor by interacting with a survival factor and by promoting the oncogenic c-Met pathway
- Inactivating the permanent neonatal diabetes gene Mnx1 switches insulin-producing β-cells to a δ-like fate and reveals a facultative proliferative capacity in aged β-cells.
Pan, Development (Cambridge, England) 2015 - GeneRIF: Inactivating Mnx1 in embryonic beta-cells (Mnx1(Deltabeta)) caused beta-to-delta-like cell transdifferentiation, which was delayed until postnatal stages; findings identify Mnx1 as an important factor in beta-cell differentiation and proliferation.
- Analysis of transcription factors key for mouse pancreatic development establishes NKX2-2 and MNX1 mutations as causes of neonatal diabetes in man.
Flanagan, Cell metabolism 2014 - GeneRIF: NKX2-2 and MNX1 are etiological genes for neonatal diabetes.
- GSK-3β protein phosphorylates and stabilizes HLXB9 protein in insulinoma cells to form a targetable mechanism of controlling insulinoma cell proliferation.
Desai, The Journal of biological chemistry 2014 - GeneRIF: Both pHLXB9 and active GSK-3beta are elevated in beta cells with menin knockdown, in MEN1-associated beta cell tumors (insulinomas)
- The embryonic transcription factor Hlxb9 is a menin interacting partner that controls pancreatic β-cell proliferation and the expression of insulin regulators.
Shi, Endocrine-related cancer 2013 - GeneRIF: Hlxb9 expression is increased in mouse islet tumor.
- RNA profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing reveal that PTF1a stabilizes pancreas progenitor identity via the control of MNX1/HLXB9 and a network of other transcription factors.
Thompson, Molecular and cellular biology 2012 - GeneRIF: Mnx1, a gene that is absolutely required in pancreas progenitors, is a major direct target of Ptf1a and is regulated by a distant enhancer element.
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Smp_134690 putative emx homeobox protein from Schistosoma mansoni
49% identity, 19% coverage
HXB3A_DANRE / O42368 Homeobox protein Hox-B3a; Hox-B3 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
56% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
NP_571192 homeobox protein Hox-B3a from Danio rerio
56% identity, 14% coverage
NP_990096 homeobox protein MOX-1 from Gallus gallus
42% identity, 30% coverage
NP_001107793 empty spiracles from Tribolium castaneum
48% identity, 20% coverage
XP_624481 homeotic protein empty spiracles from Apis mellifera
48% identity, 13% coverage
HXA4A_DANRE / Q9PWL5 Homeobox protein Hox-A4a; Homeobox protein Zf-26; Hoxx4 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see 2 papers)
49% identity, 26% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
HM02_CAEEL / G5ECT8 Homeobox protein ceh-2 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see paper)
48% identity, 29% coverage
- function: Required for activity of the M3 pharyngeal motor neuron.
disruption phenotype: Mutants lacking the homeobox domain are viable and fertile but proliferate slightly more slowly than wild-type due to retarded larval development and reduced brood size. About 20% appear starved as they are shorter, thinner and paler at all stages with severely affected adults bearing only a few eggs. M3 neuron activity is decreased.
XP_001927147 NK1 transcription factor-related protein 2 from Sus scrofa
56% identity, 18% coverage
HXB1_HUMAN / P14653 Homeobox protein Hox-B1; Homeobox protein Hox-2I from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_002135 homeobox protein Hox-B1 from Homo sapiens
54% identity, 18% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures
- Aberrant N-glycolylneuraminic acid in breast MCF-7 cancer cells and cancer stem cells
Yang, Frontiers in molecular biosciences 2022 - “...N6H5F3S1T1 identified on N-glycosite N4783 in MCF-7 CSCs in this study, homeobox protein Hox-B1 (HXB1_HUMAN, P14653) was enriched in the signaling pathways regulating stem cell pluripotency ( Supplementary Figure S9 ). As a sequence-specific transcription factor, HXB1 is involved in the developmental regulatory system that provides...”
- MicroRNA-301b-3p facilitates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer by targeting HOXB1.
Xiong, Bioengineered 2021 - GeneRIF: MicroRNA-301b-3p facilitates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer by targeting HOXB1.
- The MicroRNA hsa-let-7g Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in Lung Cancer by Targeting HOXB1.
Cui, Yonsei medical journal 2020 - GeneRIF: The results from this study demonstrate the potential of hsa-let-7g/HOXB1 axis as a therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer.
- Analysis of HOXB1 gene in a cohort of patients with sporadic ventricular septal defect.
Pinard, Molecular biology reports 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: a homozygous c.74_82dup (p.Pro28delinsHisSerAlaPro) variant was identified in one individual with double outlet right ventricle (DORV). We also identified five previously reported polymorphisms (rs35114525, rs12946855, rs14534040, rs12939811, and rs7207109) in 18 patients (12 DORV and 6 perimembranous VSD). Our study did not show any pathogenic alterations in the coding region of HOXB1 among patients with VSD.
- A novel homozygous HOXB1 mutation in a Turkish family with hereditary congenital facial paresis.
Sahin, Brain & development 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: findings revealed a novel homozygous mutation p.Arg230Trp (c.688C>T) within the HOXB1 gene of three members of a Turkish family with hereditary congenital facial paresis (HCFP3)
- Homozygous HOXB1 loss-of-function mutation in a large family with hereditary congenital facial paresis.
Vogel, American journal of medical genetics. Part A 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: This is the first disease-associated HOXB1 mutation with a likely loss-of-function effect suggesting that all HOXB1 variants reported so far also have severe impact on activity of this transcriptional regulator
- HOXB1 Is a Tumor Suppressor Gene Regulated by miR-3175 in Glioma.
Han, PloS one 2015 - GeneRIF: HOXB1 functions as a tumor suppressor, regulated by miR-3175 in glioma.
- HOXB1 founder mutation in humans recapitulates the phenotype of Hoxb1-/- mice.
Webb, American journal of human genetics 2012 - GeneRIF: The resulting phenotype includes bilateral facial palsy, hearing loss, and strabismus and correlates extensively with the previously reported Hoxb1(-/-) mouse phenotype.
- Anterior Hox genes interact with components of the neural crest specification network to induce neural crest fates.
Gouti, Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) 2011 - GeneRIF: Hoxb1 Expression Induces Cell Fate Changes in the Trunk Neural Tube.
- More
BARH1_DROAN / P22544 Homeobox protein B-H1; Homeobox BarH1 protein from Drosophila ananassae (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
39% identity, 13% coverage
- function: Functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development.
NP_571611 homeobox protein Hox-A1a from Danio rerio
44% identity, 22% coverage
NP_001102307 homeobox protein MOX-1 from Rattus norvegicus
53% identity, 23% coverage
GBX1_MOUSE / P82976 Homeobox protein GBX-1; Gastrulation and brain-specific homeobox protein 1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_056554 homeobox protein GBX-1 from Mus musculus
49% identity, 14% coverage
NP_001017168 GS homeobox 2 from Xenopus tropicalis
54% identity, 23% coverage
NP_990399 homeobox protein GBX-2 from Gallus gallus
49% identity, 17% coverage
- The epigenetic modifier DNMT3A is necessary for proper otic placode formation.
Roellig, Developmental biology 2016 - GeneRIF: DNMT3A is important for enabling the activation of Gbx2 expression, necessary for normal development of the inner ear
- Mutual repression between Gbx2 and Otx2 in sensory placodes reveals a general mechanism for ectodermal patterning.
Steventon, Developmental biology 2012 - GeneRIF: Otx2 and Gbx2 provide a global mechanism for patterning of the embryonic ectoderm and ensure the coordinated development of the central and peripheral nervous system in the head.
- Role of Gbx2 and Otx2 in the formation of cochlear ganglion and endolymphatic duct.
Miyazaki, Development, growth & differentiation 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Results suggest that the interaction between Gbx2 and Otx2 in developing inner ear defines Fgf10 expression domain to induce the cochlear ganglion and that Gbx2 expression is important for the formation of the endolymphatic duct.
- Otx2, Gbx2, and Fgf8 expression patterns in the chick developing inner ear and their possible roles in otic specification and early innervation.
Sánchez-Calderón, Gene expression patterns : GEP 2004 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Otx2, Gbx2, and Fgf8 are expressed in the chick developing inner ear
MEOX1_HUMAN / P50221 Homeobox protein MOX-1; Mesenchyme homeobox 1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
53% identity, 22% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and is specifically required for sclerotome development. Required for maintenance of the sclerotome polarity and formation of the cranio-cervical joints (PubMed:23290072, PubMed:24073994). Binds specifically to the promoter of target genes and regulates their expression. Activates expression of NKX3-2 in the sclerotome. Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation. While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA-dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner. Required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) induction via its role in somitogenesis: specification of HSCs occurs via the deployment of a specific endothelial precursor population, which arises within a sub-compartment of the somite named endotome.
NP_694496 homeobox protein GBX-2 from Danio rerio
49% identity, 17% coverage
- The N-terminal domain of gastrulation brain homeobox 2 (Gbx2) is required for iridophore specification in zebrafish.
Hozumi, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Gbx2 is expressed in neural crest cells and iridophores during development. Gbx2 knockdown leads to apoptosis of neural crest cells. The N-terminal domain of Gbx2 rescues the phenotype of Gbx2 knockdown.
- Comprehensive analysis of target genes in zebrafish embryos reveals gbx2 involvement in neurogenesis.
Nakayama, Developmental biology 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: gbx2 not only functions to position the midbrain-hindbrain boundary but also regulates neurogenesis in the anterior hindbrain.
- Cerebellar development in the absence of Gbx function in zebrafish.
Su, Developmental biology 2014 - GeneRIF: in the zebrafish gbx1 and gbx2 are required redundantly for morphogenesis of the cerebellar primordium and subsequent cerebellar differentiation, but that this requirement is alleviated by knocking down Otx
- Evolutionarily conserved function of Gbx2 in anterior hindbrain development.
Burroughs-Garcia, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: gbx2/Gbx2 has an evolutionarily conserved role in anterior hindbrain development.
- Three enhancer regions regulate gbx2 gene expression in the isthmic region during zebrafish development.
Islam, Mechanisms of development 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: gbx2 expression during the somitogenesis stage in zebrafish is regulated by a complex mechanism involving Pax2 as well as activators and suppressors in the regions flanking the gene.
- Cloning, expression and relationship of zebrafish gbx1 and gbx2 genes to Fgf signaling.
Rhinn, Mechanisms of development 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Here we report the isolation, mapping, chromosomal synteny and spatiotemporal expression of gbx1 and gbx2 in zebrafish. We focus in particular on the expression of these genes during development of the midbrain-hindbrain territory.
- gbx2 Homeobox gene is required for the maintenance of the isthmic region in the zebrafish embryonic brain.
Kikuta, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Ectopic expression of gbx2 by mRNA injection caused cyclopia or truncation of the fore- and midbrain and severely affected isthmic and cerebellar structures.
- Gbx2 functions as a transcriptional repressor to regulate the specification and morphogenesis of the mid-hindbrain junction in a dosage- and stage-dependent manner.
Nakayama, Mechanisms of development (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Gbx2 functions as a transcriptional repressor to regulate the specification and morphogenesis of the mid-hindbrain junction in a dosage- and stage-dependent manner.
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NP_001020683 GS homeobox 2 from Danio rerio
54% identity, 24% coverage
FTZ_DROME / P02835 Segmentation protein fushi tarazu from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 4 papers)
NP_477498 fushi tarazu from Drosophila melanogaster
55% identity, 15% coverage
- function: May play a role in determining neuronal identity, may be directly involved in specifying identity of individual neurons. Required during embryogenesis for the process of body segmentation. Homeotic protein, required in alternating segment primordia, it specifies the correct number of segments.
- The ftz upstream element drives late ftz stripes but is not required for regulation of Ftz target genes.
Fischer, Developmental biology 2024 - GeneRIF: The ftz upstream element drives late ftz stripes but is not required for regulation of Ftz target genes.
- Precisely timed regulation of enhancer activity defines the binary expression pattern of Fushi tarazu in the Drosophila embryo.
Birnie, Current biology : CB 2023 - GeneRIF: Precisely timed regulation of enhancer activity defines the binary expression pattern of Fushi tarazu in the Drosophila embryo.
- The fushi tarazu zebra element is not required for Drosophila viability or fertility.
Graham, G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 2021 - GeneRIF: The fushi tarazu zebra element is not required for Drosophila viability or fertility.
- Activation of Ftz-F1-Responsive Genes through Ftz/Ftz-F1 Dependent Enhancers.
Field, PloS one 2016 - GeneRIF: Comparative analysis of enhancers containing Ftz/Ftz-F1 binding sites that were or were not bona fide targets in vivo suggested that GAF negatively regulates enhancers that contain Ftz/Ftz-F1 binding sites but are not actually utilized.
- Surprising flexibility in a conserved Hox transcription factor over 550 million years of evolution
Heffer, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 - “...Center for Biotechnology Information accession numbers: 1, NP_477498; 2, NT_078265; 3, CH477233; 4, XP_001603670; 5, NP_001034539; 6, NW_001923321; 7, CAA52160;...”
- Cofactor-interaction motifs and the cooption of a homeotic Hox protein into the segmentation pathway of Drosophila melanogaster.
Löhr, Current biology : CB 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Evolutionary acquisition of the LXXLL motif specialized Ftz for segmentation, while strengthening the Ftz/Ftz-F1 interaction led to degeneration of the YPWM motif and loss of homeotic activity.
- Ftz modulates Runt-dependent activation and repression of segment-polarity gene transcription.
Swantek, Development (Cambridge, England) 2004 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Contrasting responses of different downstream targets to Runt in the presence or absence of Ftz is thus central to the combinatorial logic of the pair-rule to segment-polarity transition.
- Low-level ectopic expression of Fushi tarazu in Drosophila melanogaster results in ftz(Ual/Rpl)-like phenotypes and rescues ftz phenotypes.
Argiropoulos, Mechanisms of development 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: FTZ(delta151-209) is a hyperactive FTZ molecule; the region encompassing amino acids 151-209 of FTZ is required in some manner for repression of FTZ activity
- More
- Rapid and efficient purification of Drosophila homeodomain transcription factors for biophysical characterization
Orlomoski, Protein expression and purification 2019 - “...TF Inserts into a Modified His-SUMO Vector The HD open reading frames of FTZ (Uniprot: P02835, residues 254313) and ANTP (P02833, residues 297356) were Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) codon-optimized and synthesized by Synbio Technologies and cloned into a modified T7-inducible HisSUMO vector in between...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...BAA78622); Drosophila Deformed (Dfd, P07548); Drosophila Sex combs reduced (Scr, P09077); Drosophila fushi tarazu (ftz, P02835), Drosophila Antennapedia (Antp; P02833); Drosophila Ultrabithorax (Ubx, P02834); Drosophila abdominal-A (AbdA, P29555); mouse Cdx1 (mCdx1, P18111); mouse Cdx2 (mCdx1, P43241); mouse Cdx4 (mCdx4, Q07424); amphioxus Cdx (AmphiCdx, AAC39017); Drosophila caudal...”
NP_001039254 GS homeobox 1 from Xenopus tropicalis
54% identity, 23% coverage
NP_777286 homeobox protein GBX-1 from Danio rerio
49% identity, 19% coverage
NP_078777 homeobox protein Hox-D1 from Homo sapiens
Q9GZZ0 Homeobox protein Hox-D1 from Homo sapiens
52% identity, 16% coverage
- HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation.
Hu, Oncology reports 2024 - GeneRIF: HOXD1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression and is regulated by DNA methylation.
- Homeobox-D 1 and FTO form a transcriptional-epigenetic feedback loop to promote head and neck cancer proliferation.
Zhang, Cell biology international 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Homeobox-D 1 and FTO form a transcriptional-epigenetic feedback loop to promote head and neck cancer proliferation.
- A pan-cancer analysis of the role of HOXD1, HOXD3, and HOXD4 and validation in renal cell carcinoma.
Wang, Aging 2023 - GeneRIF: A pan-cancer analysis of the role of HOXD1, HOXD3, and HOXD4 and validation in renal cell carcinoma.
- HOXD1 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.
Cui, Cell biology international 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXD1 functions as a novel tumor suppressor in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.
- Genome-wide methylation screen in low-grade breast cancer identifies novel epigenetically altered genes as potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis.
Faryna, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data indicate that median methylation levels of BCAN, HOXD1, KCTD8, KLF11, NXPH1, POU4F1, SIM1, and TCF7L1 were >/=30% higher than in normal samples, representing potential biomarkers for tumor diagnosis.
- Homeobox D1 regulates angiogenic functions of endothelial cells via integrin β1 expression.
Park, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXD1 plays a significant role in endothelial cells functions by regulating the expression of ITGB1.
- A genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer at 2q31 and 8q24.
Goode, Nature genetics 2010 - GeneRIF: Single nucleotide polymorphism in HOXD1 is associated with ovarian cancer.
- GeneRIF: Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
- High-density association study of 383 candidate genes for volumetric BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine among older men.
Yerges, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2009 - GeneRIF: Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
- More
- A Combinatorial Proteomic Biomarker Assay to Detect Ovarian Cancer in Women.
Henderson, Biomarkers in cancer 2018 - “...receptor substrate 3 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O43559 TAAb GPR157 Q5UAW9 Probable G-protein coupled receptor 157 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5UAW9 TAAb HOXD1 Q9GZZ0 Homeobox protein Hox-D1 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GZZ0 TAAb IGFBP2 P18065 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P18065 TAAb MYOZ2 Q9NPC6 Myozenin-2 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NPC6 TAAb p53 P04637 Cellular tumor antigen p53 http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P04637 TAAb PDCD6IP Q8WUM4...”
EMX1_HUMAN / Q04741 Homeobox protein EMX1; Empty spiracles homolog 1; Empty spiracles-like protein 1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
48% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX2, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain. May function in combinations with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system
subunit: Interacts with WRD11 (via the N-terminal and the central portion of the protein); the interaction associates EMX1 with GLI3.
XP_006627824 GS homeobox 1 from Lepisosteus oculatus
52% identity, 25% coverage
- Gsx2, but not Gsx1, is necessary for early forebrain patterning and long-term survival in zebrafish
Coltogirone, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2023 - “...H. sapiens Gsx1 NP_663632.1 Xenopus tropicalis Gsx1 NP_001039254 Oryzias latipes Gsx1 NP_001098303 Lepisosteus oculatus Gsx1 XP_006627824 D. rerio Gsx2 AAI64330.1 M. musculus Gsx2 NP_573555.1 R. norvegicus Gsx2 NP_001131035.1 H. sapiens Gsx2 NP_573574.2 X. tropicalis Gsx2 AAI58504.1 O. latipes Gsx2 NP_001116381 L. oculatus Gsx2 XP_006630061 Drosophila melanogaster...”
NP_989490 homeobox protein DLX-5 from Gallus gallus
43% identity, 28% coverage
- Measuring inputs to a common function: The case of Dlx5 and Dlx6.
Quach, Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2016 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: We find Dlx5 and Dlx6 to be quantitatively indistinguishable on a variety of natural cis-regulatory sequences in a heterologous cellular context but observed quantitatively different transcriptional outputs in cells that normally express these genes, suggesting differential interactions with co-evolved co-activators.
- Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression in the anterior neural fold is essential for patterning the dorsal nasal capsule.
Gitton, Development (Cambridge, England) 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: ectethmoid formation depends upon Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression in a restricted ectodermal territory of the anterior neural folds
- Dlx5 drives Runx2 expression and osteogenic differentiation in developing cranial suture mesenchyme.
Holleville, Developmental biology 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 and related Dlx factors play a pivotal role in the onset of differentiation of chick calvaria osteoblasts.
- Dlx5- and Dlx6-mediated chondrogenesis: Differential domain requirements for a conserved function.
Hsu, Mechanisms of development 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: investigated the domain requirements and transcriptional activities associated with Dlx5- and Dlx6-mediated chondrogenesis
- Expression of Dlx5 and Dlx6 during specification of the elbow joint.
Ferrari, The International journal of developmental biology 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 and 6 genes may be involved in specification of the elbow joint and/or in providing positional information that specifies the site at which the elbow joint will form
- Dlx gene expression during chick inner ear development.
Brown, The Journal of comparative neurology 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Inner ear expression patterns of Dlx3, Dlx5, and Dlx6 were examined during the first 7 days of chicken embryonic development.
- Dlx5 regulates chondrocyte differentiation at multiple stages.
Bendall, The International journal of developmental biology 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 has roles during multiple stages of chondrocyte differentiation and is a general regulator of differentiation in the skeleton
MEOX1_MOUSE / P32442 Homeobox protein MOX-1; Mesenchyme homeobox 1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 7 papers)
NP_034921 homeobox protein MOX-1 from Mus musculus
53% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and is specifically required for sclerotome development. Required for maintenance of the sclerotome polarity and formation of the cranio-cervical joints (PubMed:19520072). Binds specifically to the promoter of target genes and regulates their expression. Activates expression of NKX3-2 in the sclerotome (PubMed:15024065). Activates expression of CDKN1A and CDKN2A in endothelial cells, acting as a regulator of vascular cell proliferation. While it activates CDKN1A in a DNA-dependent manner, it activates CDKN2A in a DNA-independent manner (PubMed:22206000). Required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) induction via its role in somitogenesis: specification of HSCs occurs via the deployment of a specific endothelial precursor population, which arises within a sub-compartment of the somite named endotome (By similarity).
disruption phenotype: Mice display mild defects in sclerotome derived vertebral and rib bones (PubMed:12925591). Abnormalities are restricted to the sclerotome and its derivatives and are characterized by a remodeling of the cranio-cervical joints, leading to the assimilation of the atlas into the basioccipital bone so that the skull rests on the axis (PubMed:19520072). Mice lacking Meox1 and Meox2 show extremely disrupted somite morphogenesis, patterning and differentiation. They lack an axial skeleton and skeletal muscles are severely deficient (PubMed:12925591). - Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...numbers are as follows: mouse Mox2 (m Mox2 , P32443); mouse Mox1 (m Mox1 , P32442); amphioxus Mox (Amphi Mox , AAM09689); Drosophila buttonless (btn, AAF56025); mouse Evx1 (m Evx1 , P23683); mouse Evx2 (m Evx2 , P49749); amphioxus EvxA (Amphi EvxA , AAK58953); amphioxus EvxB...”
- The squiggle tail (squig) mutation in mice is associated with a deletion in the mesenchyme homeobox 1 (Meox1) gene.
Girard, BMC research notes 2022 - GeneRIF: The squiggle tail (squig) mutation in mice is associated with a deletion in the mesenchyme homeobox 1 (Meox1) gene.
- A transcriptional switch governs fibroblast activation in heart disease.
Alexanian, Nature 2021 - GeneRIF: A transcriptional switch governs fibroblast activation in heart disease.
- Meox1 accelerates myocardial hypertrophic decompensation through Gata4.
Lu, Cardiovascular research 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Meox1 accelerated myocardial hypertrophic decompensation via the downstream target Gata4, at least in part directly.
- Mesenchyme homeobox 1 mediates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced smooth muscle cell differentiation from mouse mesenchymal progenitors.
Dong, The Journal of biological chemistry 2018 - GeneRIF: transcriptional regulator Meox1 controls TGF-beta-induced SMC differentiation from mesenchymal progenitor cells by preventing PPM1A-mediated Smad3 dephosphorylation
- Transient activation of meox1 is an early component of the gene regulatory network downstream of hoxa2.
Kirilenko, Molecular and cellular biology 2011 - GeneRIF: Meox1 expression is downregulated in the second arch of Hoxa2 mouse mutant embryos.
- Mechanisms of MEOX1 and MEOX2 regulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p16 in vascular endothelial cells.
Douville, PloS one 2011 - GeneRIF: MEOX1 and MEOX2 activate p16(INK4a) in a DNA binding dependent manner, whereas they induce p21(CIP1/WAF1) in a DNA binding independent manner.
- Lack of the mesodermal homeodomain protein MEOX1 disrupts sclerotome polarity and leads to a remodeling of the cranio-cervical joints of the axial skeleton.
Skuntz, Developmental biology 2009 - GeneRIF: Data sugges that Meox1 is part of a regulatory circuit that serves an essential, non-redundant function in the maintenance of rostro-caudal sclerotome polarity and axial skeleton formation.
- Meox homeodomain proteins are required for Bapx1 expression in the sclerotome and activate its transcription by direct binding to its promoter.
Rodrigo, Molecular and cellular biology 2004 - GeneRIF: Data show that Meox1 activates the Bapx1 promoter in a dose-dependent manner and that this activity is enhanced in the presence of Pax1 and/or Pax9.
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Q14549 Homeobox protein GBX-1 from Homo sapiens
49% identity, 16% coverage
P92067 Transcription factor homolog from Tribolium castaneum
52% identity, 22% coverage
- Expression patterns of hairy, even-skipped, and runt in the spider Cupiennius salei imply that these genes were segmentation genes in a basal arthropod
Damen, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000 - “...used: Bombyx, D38486; Danio eve1, Q90265; Tribolium, P92067; Xenopus, P50476; mouse evx2, P49749; mouse evx1, P23683; Caenorhabditis, Q93899; Schistocerca,...”
NP_001135456 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Sus scrofa
55% identity, 21% coverage
NP_001153132 homeobox protein DLX-5 from Sus scrofa
43% identity, 27% coverage
NP_492586 Homeobox protein ceh-5 from Caenorhabditis elegans
49% identity, 43% coverage
HXB5B_DANRE / P09013 Homeobox protein Hox-B5b; Homeobox protein Zf-54; Hox-B5-like from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
46% identity, 28% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
NP_937787 homeobox protein EMX1 from Danio rerio
48% identity, 26% coverage
P09079 Homeobox protein Hox-B5 from Mus musculus
NP_001178854 homeobox protein Hox-B5 from Rattus norvegicus
NP_032294 homeobox protein Hox-B5 from Mus musculus
46% identity, 29% coverage
- Optimized Protocol for Isolation and Culture of Murine Neonatal Primary Lung Fibroblasts.
Fuentes-Mateos, Methods and protocols 2023 - “...assays in lung fibroblasts. Gene Accession Number Sequence Hoxa5 P09021 F- CAGGGTCTGGTAGCGAGTGT R- CTCAGCCCCAGATCTACCC Hoxb5 P09079 F- CTGGTAGCGAGTATAGGCGG R- AGGGGCAGACTCCACAGATA Hoxc5 P32043 F- TTCTCGAGTTCCAGGGTCTG R- ATTTACCCGTGGATGACCAA Wnt2 P21552 F- TCTTGAAACAAGAATGCAAGTGTCA R- GAGATAGTCGCCTGTTTTCCTGAA Wnt2b O70283 F- CTGCTGCTGCTACTCCTGACT R- GGGGATGTTGTCACAGATCA FGF7 Q544I6 F- CTGCTCCACGCTAACTTCCA R- GAGTTTACGCACCAGCACAC FGF9 P54130...”
- The expression of HoxB5 and its role in neonatal rats with chronic lung disease.
Xu, Fetal and pediatric pathology 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HoxB5, in lung tissues of neonatal rats, is primarily expressed in alveolar epithelial cells, bronchial membrane, and vascular endothelial cells.
- [Expression of HoxB5 mRNA and their effect on lung development in premature rats with hyperoxia-induced chronic lung disease].
Fu, Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Decreased expression of HoxB5 may associate with the disruption of type II-I alveolar epithelial cell differentiation and thus may play an important role in inhibition of lung development with lung disease.
- Transcription factor Hoxb5 reveals the unidirectional hierarchy of hematopoietic stem cell pool.
Zhao, Stem cell research 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Transcription factor Hoxb5 reveals the unidirectional hierarchy of hematopoietic stem cell pool.
- Hoxb5 reprogrammes murine multipotent blood progenitors into haematopoietic stem cell-like cells.
Huang, Cell proliferation 2022 - GeneRIF: Hoxb5 reprogrammes murine multipotent blood progenitors into haematopoietic stem cell-like cells.
- Homeobox B5 promotes metastasis and poor prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, via FGFR4 and CXCL1 upregulation.
He, Theranostics 2021 - GeneRIF: Homeobox B5 promotes metastasis and poor prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma, via FGFR4 and CXCL1 upregulation.
- The ciliary Frizzled-like receptor Tmem67 regulates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling in the developing cerebellum via Hoxb5.
Abdelhamed, Scientific reports 2019 - GeneRIF: The ciliary Frizzled-like receptor Tmem67 regulates canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signalling in the developing cerebellum via Hoxb5.
- Neogenin-1 distinguishes between myeloid-biased and balanced Hoxb5+ mouse long-term hematopoietic stem cells.
Gulati, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2019 - GeneRIF: Investigated role of neogenin (NEO1) and homeobox B5 (Hoxb5) in differentiation of a specific subpopulation of mouse hematopoietic stem cells.
- Transcription factor Hoxb5 reprograms B cells into functional T lymphocytes.
Zhang, Nature immunology 2018 - GeneRIF: we found that the transcription factor Hoxb5, which is expressed in uncommitted hematopoietic progenitor cells but is not present in cells committed to the B cell or T cell lineage, was able to reprogram pro-pre-B cells into functional early T cell lineage progenitors
- Hoxb5 marks long-term haematopoietic stem cells and reveals a homogenous perivascular niche.
Chen, Nature 2016 - GeneRIF: only the Hoxb5(+) hematopoietic stem cells exhibit long-term reconstitution capacity after transplantation in primary transplant recipients and, notably, in secondary recipients
- Perturbation of Hoxb5 signaling in vagal and trunk neural crest cells causes apoptosis and neurocristopathies in mice.
Kam, Cell death and differentiation 2014 - GeneRIF: The dysregulation of Hoxb5 signaling and early depletion of Neural crest cells contribute to enteric nervous system defect and other neurocristopathies in Hirschsprung disease patients deserves further investigation.
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NP_002138 homeobox protein Hox-B5 from Homo sapiens
46% identity, 29% coverage
- Circ_0020123 enhances the cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells partly by sponging miR-140-3p to regulate homeobox B5 (HOXB5).
Wei, Bioengineered 2022 - GeneRIF: Circ_0020123 enhances the cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells partly by sponging miR-140-3p to regulate homeobox B5 (HOXB5).
- CXCL12-mediated HOXB5 overexpression facilitates Colorectal Cancer metastasis through transactivating CXCR4 and ITGB3.
Feng, Theranostics 2021 - GeneRIF: CXCL12-mediated HOXB5 overexpression facilitates Colorectal Cancer metastasis through transactivating CXCR4 and ITGB3.
- HOXB5 promotes the progression of breast cancer through wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
Zhang, Pathology, research and practice 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXB5 promotes the progression of breast cancer through wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
- HOXB5 Confers Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells and Promotes Tumor Aggression and Progression.
Kim, Anticancer research 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXB5 Confers Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer Cells and Promotes Tumor Aggression and Progression.
- HOXB5 acts as an oncogenic driver in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via EGFR/Akt/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis.
Lee, European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXB5 acts as an oncogenic driver in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via EGFR/Akt/Wnt/beta-catenin signaling axis.
- HOXB5 promotes malignant progression in pancreatic cancer via the miR-6732 pathway.
Li, Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) 2020 - GeneRIF: HOXB5 promotes malignant progression in pancreatic cancer via the miR-6732 pathway.
- Homeobox B5 suppression attenuates proliferation and elevates apoptosis in hepatoma cell lines through ERK/MDM2 signalling.
Su, Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Homeobox B5 suppression attenuates proliferation and elevates apoptosis in hepatoma cell lines through ERK/MDM2 signalling.
- HOXB5 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell through the activation of the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.
Gao, Anti-cancer drugs 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXB5 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cell through the activation of the GSK3beta/beta-catenin pathway.
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HXB5A_DANRE / P09014 Homeobox protein Hox-B5a; Hox-B5; Homeobox protein Zf-21 from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see 2 papers)
NP_571176 homeobox protein Hox-B5a from Danio rerio
46% identity, 28% coverage
XP_011675355 even-skipped-like protein isoform X1 from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
49% identity, 13% coverage
DLX5_MOUSE / P70396 Homeobox protein DLX-5 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 4 papers)
43% identity, 27% coverage
- function: Transcriptional factor involved in bone development. Acts as an immediate early BMP-responsive transcriptional activator essential for osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates ALPL promoter activity in a RUNX2-independent manner during osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates SP7 promoter activity during osteoblast differentiation. Promotes cell proliferation by up-regulating MYC promoter activity. Involved as a positive regulator of both chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in the endochondral skeleton. Binds to the homeodomain-response element of the ALPL and SP7 promoter. Binds to the MYC promoter. Requires the 5'-TAATTA-3' consensus sequence for DNA-binding.
subunit: Interacts with XRCC6 (Ku70).
GSX1_MOUSE / P31315 GS homeobox 1; Homeobox protein GSH-1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_032204 GS homeobox 1 from Mus musculus
52% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Probable transcription factor that binds to the DNA sequence 5'-GC[TA][AC]ATTA[GA]-3'. Activates the transcription of the GHRH gene. Plays an important role in pituitary development.
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “..., AAK58953); amphioxus EvxB (Amphi EvxB , AAK58954); Drosophila even-skipped (eve, P06602); mouse Gsh1 (mGsh1, P31315); mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316); amphioxus Gsx (AmphiGsx, AAC39015); Drosophila ind (ind, AAK77133); mouse Hoxa1 (mHoxa1, P09022); mouse Hoxa2 (mHoxa2, P31245); amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2 (AmphiHox2, BAA78621); Drosophila labial...”
- Gsx1 expression defines neurons required for prepulse inhibition.
Bergeron, Molecular psychiatry 2015 - GeneRIF: Findings demonstrate that neurons required for prepulse inhibition show developmental expression of the homeodomain transcription factor Gsx1
- Loss of Gsx1 and Gsx2 function rescues distinct phenotypes in Dlx1/2 mutants.
Wang, The Journal of comparative neurology 2013 - GeneRIF: despite their redundant properties, Gsx1 and -2 have distinct interactions with Dlx1 and -2
- Homeobox genes Gsx1 and Gsx2 differentially regulate telencephalic progenitor maturation.
Pei, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 - GeneRIF: Results show that Gsx1 and Gsx2 differentially regulate the maturation of LGE progenitors.
- Ascl1 is a required downstream effector of Gsx gene function in the embryonic mouse telencephalon.
Wang, Neural development 2009 - GeneRIF: Data show that in the Gsx2 mutants Gsx1 is expressed in only a subset of the ventral telencephalic progenitors that normally express Gsx2.
- Ascl1 and Gsh1/2 control inhibitory and excitatory cell fate in spinal sensory interneurons.
Mizuguchi, Nature neuroscience 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Gsh1/2 and Ascl1 (Mash1), which are expressed in sensory interneuron progenitors, control the choice between excitatory and inhibitory cell fates in the developing mouse spinal cord
NP_001035091 homeobox protein MOX-1 isoform 3 from Homo sapiens
53% identity, 41% coverage
NP_571612 homeobox protein Hox-B5b from Danio rerio
46% identity, 28% coverage
NP_571324 homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 1 from Danio rerio
51% identity, 15% coverage
Q9H4S2 GS homeobox 1 from Homo sapiens
NP_663632 GS homeobox 1 from Homo sapiens
52% identity, 23% coverage
- Genetically identified spinal interneurons integrating tactile afferents for motor control.
Bui, Journal of neurophysiology 2015 - Comparative functional analysis of proteins containing low-complexity predicted amyloid regions
Kumari, PeerJ 2018 - “...(PC00074) NP_001094282 , NP_071342 NP_001094282 , NP_071342 DNA binding protein (PC00009) CAA64246 , NP_004464 , NP_663632 Enzyme modulator (PC00095) NP_001010886 Glycosyltransferase (PC00111) NP_065202 G-protein coupled receptor (PC00021) NP_055694 , NP_001074924 , NP_001040 , NP_000721 , NP_003004 , NP_001043 G-protein modulator (PC00022) NP_853514 Growth factor (PC00112) NP_004855...”
- Molecular genetic screening of MBS1 locus on chromosome 13 for microdeletions and exclusion of FGF9, GSH1 and CDX2 as causative genes in patients with Moebius syndrome.
Uzumcu, European journal of medical genetics (PubMed)- GeneRIF: the study ruled out microdeletions on the critical region as a common cause of Moebius syndrome and excluded GSH1 gene
EMX1_MOUSE / Q04742 Homeobox protein EMX1; Empty spiracles homolog 1; Empty spiracles-like protein 1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 4 papers)
NP_034261 homeobox protein EMX1 from Mus musculus
48% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX2, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain. May function in combinations with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system.
subunit: Interacts with WRD11 (via the N-terminal and the central portion of the protein); the interaction associates EMX1 with GLI3. - Integrin β3 in forebrain Emx1-expressing cells regulates repetitive self-grooming and sociability in mice.
Lopuch, BMC neuroscience 2022 - GeneRIF: Integrin beta3 in forebrain Emx1-expressing cells regulates repetitive self-grooming and sociability in mice.
- Prevention of premature death and seizures in a Depdc5 mouse epilepsy model through inhibition of mTORC1.
Klofas, Human molecular genetics 2020 - GeneRIF: Prevention of premature death and seizures in a Depdc5 mouse epilepsy model through inhibition of mTORC1.
- Emx1 Is Required for Neocortical Area Patterning.
Stocker, PloS one 2016 - GeneRIF: Study demonstrates that Emx1 is an area patterning transcription factor and is required for the specification of the primary visual area.
- EMX1 regulates NRP1-mediated wiring of the mouse anterior cingulate cortex.
Lim, Development (Cambridge, England) 2015 - GeneRIF: Study shows that in mice on the C57Bl/6 background EMX1 plays an essential role in the midline crossing of an axonal subpopulation of the corpus callosum derived from the anterior cingulate cortex. In the absence of EMX1, cingulate axons display reduced expression of the axon guidance receptor NRP1 and form aberrant axonal bundles within the rostral corpus callosum.
- Rostral-caudal distribution of Emx1-lineage stem/transit amplifying cells and lineage progression in embryonic cortex depend on Hedgehog signaling.
Lillien, Developmental neurobiology 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The data of this study confirmed a dorsal precursor origin for cortical EGFR+ precursors and identify a novel regional difference in the abundance of self-renewing, neurogenic precursors within the Emx1-lineage of the late gestation mouse cerebral cortex
- Emx1-expressing neural stem cells in the subventricular zone give rise to new interneurons in the ischemic injured striatum.
Wei, The European journal of neuroscience 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: These results suggest that the fate of the Emx1-expressing lineage in the ischemic damaged striatum is restricted.
- Reduced hippocampal neurogenesis and skill reaching performance in adult Emx1 mutant mice.
Hong, Experimental neurology 2007 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Our data suggest that deletion of the Emx1 gene reduces hippocampal neurogenesis and affects higher motor function that requires extensive learning.
- A subpopulation of olfactory bulb GABAergic interneurons is derived from Emx1- and Dlx5/6-expressing progenitors.
Kohwi, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2007 - GeneRIF: Emx1 lineage-derived cells contributed a substantial portion of GABAergic cells in the OB, including calretinin+ interneurons. This is in contrast to cortex, in which Emx1 lineage-derived cells do not differentiate into GABAergic neurons.
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NP_001012251 GS homeobox 1 from Danio rerio
52% identity, 25% coverage
ZEN1_DROME / P09089 Protein zerknuellt 1; ZEN-1 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
NP_476793 zerknullt from Drosophila melanogaster
58% identity, 16% coverage
- function: Required for the differentiation of the dorsal-ventral pattern, and does not appear to be involved in the process of segmentation.
- Regulation of the BMP Signaling-Responsive Transcriptional Network in the Drosophila Embryo.
Deignan, PLoS genetics 2016 - GeneRIF: we identify key roles for the Zelda and Zerknullt transcription factors in establishing the resulting expression domain, and find widespread binding of insulator proteins to the Mad and Brinker-bound genomic regions. Analysis of embryos lacking the BEAF-32 insulator protein shows reduced transcription of a peak BMP target gene and a reduction in the number of amnioserosa cells, the fate specified by peak BMP signaling.
- zen and the art of phenotypic maintenance: canalization of embryonic dorsal-ventral patterning in Drosophila.
Gavin-Smyth, Fly 2014 - GeneRIF: early expression of zen and its targets egr and cv-2 comprise a genetic network that canalizes embryonic dorsal-ventral patterning
- A genetic network conferring canalization to a bistable patterning system in Drosophila.
Gavin-Smyth, Current biology : CB 2013 - GeneRIF: Eiger and Cv-2 genes are activated by Zen in Drosophila embryo.
- Threshold response of C15 to the Dpp gradient in Drosophila is established by the cumulative effect of Smad and Zen activators and negative cues.
Lin, Development (Cambridge, England) 2006 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Mutational analysis shows that the number of Smad- and Zen-binding sites is essential for the C15 transcriptional response, and the spatial limits of C15 expression are established through a repression mechanism in the dorsolateral cells of the embryo.
- Peak levels of BMP in the Drosophila embryo control target genes by a feed-forward mechanism.
Xu, Development (Cambridge, England) 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: role of the highest activity of the BMP gradient is to activate zen
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...CAD59668 Cin_Hox4 NP_001027781 Cin_Hox5 NP_001027665 Drosophila melanogaster / Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188 Esc_Hox5 AAR16189 Esc_Hox7 AAL25809 Esc_Post2 AAL25812 Flaccisagitta enflata / Fen Chaetognatha Fen_Hox1 ABS18809...”
UNPG_DROME / Q4V5A3 Homeobox protein unplugged from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 2 papers)
NP_477146 unplugged from Drosophila melanogaster
50% identity, 13% coverage
NP_001098303 GS homeobox 1 from Oryzias latipes
47% identity, 28% coverage
- Gsx2, but not Gsx1, is necessary for early forebrain patterning and long-term survival in zebrafish
Coltogirone, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2023 - “...Rattus norvegicus Gsx1 NP_001178592.1 H. sapiens Gsx1 NP_663632.1 Xenopus tropicalis Gsx1 NP_001039254 Oryzias latipes Gsx1 NP_001098303 Lepisosteus oculatus Gsx1 XP_006627824 D. rerio Gsx2 AAI64330.1 M. musculus Gsx2 NP_573555.1 R. norvegicus Gsx2 NP_001131035.1 H. sapiens Gsx2 NP_573574.2 X. tropicalis Gsx2 AAI58504.1 O. latipes Gsx2 NP_001116381 L. oculatus...”
NP_001122333 homeobox transcription factor Hox1 from Ciona intestinalis
56% identity, 15% coverage
NP_999815 homeobox protein Splox from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
55% identity, 15% coverage
MEOX1_DANRE / F1Q4R9 Homeobox protein MOX-1; Mesenchyme homeobox 1; Protein choker from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
NP_001002450 homeobox protein MOX-1 from Danio rerio
53% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and is specifically required for sclerotome development. Required for maintenance of the sclerotome polarity and formation of the cranio-cervical joints. Binds specifically to the promoter of target genes and regulates their expression. Required for hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) induction via its role in somitogenesis: specification of HSCs occurs via the deployment of a specific endothelial precursor population, which arises within a sub-compartment of the somite named endotome. Acts by mediating specification of endothelial cells of the endotome within the nascent somite, notably by repressing expression of cxcl12b.
disruption phenotype: Defects in somite lineages. Secondary trunk myogenesis is reduced, as well as appendicular and hypaxial muscles and their progenitors. These cell types derive from the external cell layer (ECL) and ECL cell numbers are reduced. The endotome is expanded at the expense of a second somitic cell type. The resulting increase in endotome-derived cells that migrate to colonize the dorsal aorta generates a dramatic increase in chemokine-dependent hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) induction. - Muscle Stem Cells Undergo Extensive Clonal Drift during Tissue Growth via Meox1-Mediated Induction of G2 Cell-Cycle Arrest.
Nguyen, Cell stem cell 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Meox1 initiates G2 cell-cycle arrest within muscle stem cells, and disrupting this G2 arrest causes premature lineage commitment and the resulting defects in muscle growth.
- Haematopoietic stem cell induction by somite-derived endothelial cells controlled by meox1.
Nguyen, Nature 2014 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: study reveals the molecular basis for a novel somite lineage restriction mechanism (controlled by meox1) and defines a new paradigm in induction of definitive hematopoietic stem cells
PITX3_MOUSE / O35160 Pituitary homeobox 3; Homeobox protein PITX3; Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 6 papers)
NP_032878 pituitary homeobox 3 from Mus musculus
43% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcriptional regulator which is important for the differentiation and maintenance of meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons during development. In addition to its importance during development, it also has roles in the long-term survival and maintenance of the mdDA neurons. Activates NR4A2/NURR1-mediated transcription of genes such as SLC6A3, SLC18A2, TH and DRD2 which are essential for development of mdDA neurons. Acts by decreasing the interaction of NR4A2/NURR1 with the corepressor NCOR2/SMRT which acts through histone deacetylases (HDACs) to keep promoters of NR4A2/NURR1 target genes in a repressed deacetylated state. Essential for the normal lens development and differentiation. Plays a critical role in the maintenance of mitotic activity of lens epithelial cells, fiber cell differentiation and in the control of the temporal and spatial activation of fiber cell-specific crystallins. Positively regulates FOXE3 expression and negatively regulates PROX1 in the anterior lens epithelium, preventing activation of CDKN1B/P27Kip1 and CDKN1C/P57Kip2 and thus maintains lens epithelial cells in cell cycle.
subunit: Interacts with SFPQ.
disruption phenotype: Mice show loss of nascent substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons at the beginning of their final differentiation and a loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression specifically in the substantia nigra neurons. - Expression of truncated PITX3 in the developing lens leads to microphthalmia and aphakia in mice
Wada, PloS one 2014 - “...acids (aa) is according to the PITX3 aa sequence of the wild-type and miak mice (NP_032878 and AB971349). PITX3 possesses homeodomain (HD, black box) and otp, aristaless, and rax (OAR, light gray box) as major functional domains near the N- and C-termini, respectively. The nonsense mutation...”
PITX3_RAT / P81062 Pituitary homeobox 3; Homeobox protein PITX3; Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 from Rattus norvegicus (Rat) (see paper)
XP_006231540 pituitary homeobox 3 isoform X1 from Rattus norvegicus
43% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcriptional regulator which is important for the differentiation and maintenance of meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons during development. In addition to its importance during development, it also has roles in the long-term survival and maintenance of the mdDA neurons. Activates NR4A2/NURR1-mediated transcription of genes such as SLC6A3, SLC18A2, TH and DRD2 which are essential for development of mdDA neurons. Acts by decreasing the interaction of NR4A2/NURR1 with the corepressor NCOR2/SMRT which acts through histone deacetylases (HDACs) to keep promoters of NR4A2/NURR1 target genes in a repressed deacetylated state. Essential for the normal lens development and differentiation. Plays a critical role in the maintenance of mitotic activity of lens epithelial cells, fiber cell differentiation and in the control of the temporal and spatial activation of fiber cell-specific crystallins. Positively regulates FOXE3 expression and negatively regulates PROX1 in the anterior lens epithelium, preventing activation of CDKN1B/P27Kip1 and CDKN1C/P57Kip2 and thus maintains lens epithelial cells in cell cycle (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with SFPQ. - A homeodomain gene Ptx3 has highly restricted brain expression in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons.
Smidt, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 - Dysregulation of Dopaminergic Regulatory Factors TH, Nurr1, and Pitx3 in the Ventral Tegmental Area Associated with Neuronal Injury Induced by Chronic Morphine Dependence.
Shi, International journal of molecular sciences 2019 - GeneRIF: a significant reduction in expression of the dopaminergic regulation factors Nurr1 and Pitx3 could not effectively regulate TH in the VTA during chronic morphine dependence, which affects the survival of dopaminergic neurons and ultimately leads to neuronal pathology.
- FoxP1 promotes midbrain identity in embryonic stem cell-derived dopamine neurons by regulating Pitx3.
Konstantoulas, Journal of neurochemistry 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Thus, this study demonstrates for the first time a transcription regulatory role for FoxP1 on the Pitx3 gene in mammalian stem cells.
- Immunocytochemical expression of dopamine-related transcription factors Pitx3 and Nurr1 in prenatally stressed adult rats.
Katunar, Journal of neuroscience research 2009 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: results show that the expression of both Nurr1 and Pitx3 increased in prenatally stressed adult offspring in the ventral tegmental area, whereas no changes were observed in the substantia nigra area
- Pitx3-transfected astrocytes secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and protect dopamine neurons in mesencephalon cultures.
Yang, Journal of neuroscience research 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Pitx3-transfection in astrocytes can up-regulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression and produce protective benefit to dopamine neurons
- Differential expression of the homeobox gene Pitx3 in midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
Korotkova, The European journal of neuroscience 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: higher Pitx3 expression levels in ventral tegmental area than in substantia nigra neurons may contribute to the different vulnerability of these dopaminergic nuclei to neurodegeneration
NP_996161 proboscipedia, isoform D from Drosophila melanogaster
41% identity, 9% coverage
- Dicer partner protein tunes the length of miRNAs using base-mismatch in the pre-miRNA stem.
Zhu, Nucleic acids research 2018 - GeneRIF: We also found that a base-mismatch can enable Loqs-PB to tune miRNA length. We speculate that Loqs-PB tunes miRNA length by changing the conformation of base-mismatched nucleotides in the pre-miRNA stem to that of base-matched ones.
- Developmental competence and the induction of ectopic proboscises in Drosophila melanogaster.
Percival-Smith, Development genes and evolution 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Study shows that the LASCY, DYTQL, NANGE motifs, and the C-terminal domain of SCR mediate suppression of induction of ectopic proboscis identity, which would explain why co-expression of PB and SCR is unable to induce ectopic proboscises.
- Homeotic proboscipedia function modulates hedgehog-mediated organizer activity to pattern adult Drosophila mouthparts.
Joulia, Developmental biology 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Functions in primary steps of tissue patterning, and leads us to suggest the notion of a homeotic organizer.
- Analysis of Drosophila proboscipedia mutant alleles.
Tayyab, Genome 2004 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: phenotypic analysis of the pb nonsense or frameshift alleles suggests that the C-terminus is an important region required for maxillary palp and proboscis development
- Evidence for a direct functional antagonism of the selector genes proboscipedia and eyeless in Drosophila head development.
Benassayag, Development (Cambridge, England) 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The direct functional antagonism between PB and EY (eyeless) proteins suggests a novel crosstalk mechanism integrating known selector functions in head morphogenesis.
XP_010816072 homeobox expressed in ES cells 1 isoform X4 from Bos taurus
46% identity, 38% coverage
NP_001271400 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Canis lupus familiaris
55% identity, 21% coverage
D4AEG9 Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1 from Rattus norvegicus
45% identity, 38% coverage
NP_001080931 VENT homeobox 2, gene 2 L homeolog from Xenopus laevis
50% identity, 18% coverage
HXC1A_DANRE / Q98SH9 Homeobox protein Hox-C1a from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
51% identity, 22% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
XP_015144551 homeobox protein SAX-1 from Gallus gallus
56% identity, 17% coverage
HESX1_HUMAN / Q9UBX0 Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1; Homeobox protein ANF; hAnf from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 6 papers)
XP_005265583 homeobox expressed in ES cells 1 isoform X1 from Homo sapiens
46% identity, 37% coverage
- function: Required for the normal development of the forebrain, eyes and other anterior structures such as the olfactory placodes and pituitary gland. Possible transcriptional repressor. Binds to the palindromic PIII sequence, 5'-AGCTTGAGTCTAATTGAATTAACTGTAC-3'. HESX1 and PROP1 bind as heterodimers on this palindromic site, and, in vitro, HESX1 can antagonize PROP1 activation.
subunit: Can form heterodimers with PROP1 in binding to DNA (By similarity). Interacts with TLE1. - Improving prediction performance of general protein language model by domain-adaptive pretraining on DNA-binding protein.
Zeng, Nature communications 2024 - “...Data 1 ). In Fig. 4b , five single DBD human TFs (UniProtKB ID: P35713, Q9UBX0, P58021, Q9NX45, and Q10587) separately containing five typical DBDs, i.e., HMG box, Homeobox, Fork-head, bHLH, and bZIP, as well as one multi-DBD TF (UniProt ID: P51449) containing two domains, i.e.,...”
- “...Q10587. Moreover, the contribution of a residue in a non-DBD region is also evident on Q9UBX0. After all, DBD and non-DBD of a protein sequence do not exist in isolation but have an interactive relationship. Residues in the non-DBD region also may affect the binding pattern...”
- Homozygous HESX1 and COL1A1 Gene Variants in a Boy with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Early Onset Osteoporosis.
Alesi, International journal of molecular sciences 2021 - GeneRIF: Homozygous HESX1 and COL1A1 Gene Variants in a Boy with Growth Hormone Deficiency and Early Onset Osteoporosis.
- Molecular analysis of brazilian patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency and orthotopic posterior pituitary lobe reveals eight different PROP1 alterations with three novel mutations.
Madeira, Clinical endocrinology 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Study did not identify HESX1 and LHX3 mutations by Sanger in brazilian patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency
- HESX1 mutations in patients with congenital hypopituitarism: variable phenotypes with the same genotype.
Fang, Clinical endocrinology 2016 - GeneRIF: HESX1 mutations cause variable clinical features in congenital hypopituitarism patients, which suggests an influence of modifier genes or environmental factors on the phenotype
- Molecular analysis of PROP1, POU1F1, LHX3, and HESX1 in Turkish patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency: a multicenter study.
Baş, Endocrine 2015 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: investigated the specific mutations in PROP1, POU1F1, LHX3, and HESX1 genes in patients with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) in Turkey
- Novel Mutations in HESX1 and PROP1 Genes in Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency.
Avbelj, Hormone research in paediatrics 2015 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: A novel heterozygous mutation in the HESX1 gene and a novel homozygous mutation in the PROP1 gene were detected in 2 pedigrees with combined pituitary hormone deficiency
- Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome in 58 Chinese patients: clinical features and genetic analysis.
Yang, Clinical endocrinology 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data indicate that HESX1, LHX4 and SOX3 polymorphisms may be associated with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS).
- Identification of HESX1 mutations in Kallmann syndrome.
Newbern, Fertility and sterility 2013 - GeneRIF: expand the phenotypic spectrum of HESX1 mutations in Kallman syndrome.
- Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome in 83 patients: novel HESX1 mutation and severe hormonal prognosis in malformative forms.
Reynaud, European journal of endocrinology 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: A novel HESX1 causative mutation was found in a consanguineous family, and two LHX4 mutations were present in familial Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome.
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P50476 Homeobox protein XHOX-3 from Xenopus laevis
51% identity, 15% coverage
- Expression patterns of hairy, even-skipped, and runt in the spider Cupiennius salei imply that these genes were segmentation genes in a basal arthropod
Damen, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2000 - “...Danio eve1, Q90265; Tribolium, P92067; Xenopus, P50476; mouse evx2, P49749; mouse evx1, P23683; Caenorhabditis, Q93899; Schistocerca, Z11845; Drosophila,...”
NP_001476 homeobox protein GBX-2 isoform 1 from Homo sapiens
49% identity, 17% coverage
- circRERE regulates the expression of GBX2 through miR-1299 and ZC3H13/N6-methyladenosine (m6A) to promote growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Lin, Journal of biosciences 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: circRERE regulates the expression of GBX2 through miR-1299 and ZC3H13/N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) to promote growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
- NCBP3/SNHG6 inhibits GBX2 transcription in a histone modification manner to facilitate the malignant biological behaviour of glioma cells.
Li, RNA biology 2021 - GeneRIF: NCBP3/SNHG6 inhibits GBX2 transcription in a histone modification manner to facilitate the malignant biological behaviour of glioma cells.
- LncRNA FEZF1-AS1 accelerates the migration and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells through miR-4497 targeting GBX2.
Chen, European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: LncRNA FEZF1-AS1 accelerates the migration and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells through miR-4497 targeting GBX2.
- GBX2, as a tumor promoter in lung adenocarcinoma, enhances cells viability, invasion and migration by regulating the AKT/ERK signaling pathway.
Wang, The journal of gene medicine 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: GBX2, as a tumor promoter in lung adenocarcinoma, enhances cells viability, invasion and migration by regulating the AKT/ERK signaling pathway.
- GBX2 Methylation Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Improves Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence Among Patients with Prostate Cancer Negative for Intraductal Carcinoma and Cribriform Architecture.
Jeyapala, European urology oncology 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Gastrulation brain homeobox 2 (GBX2) methylation is associated with Gleason score (GS), pathologic stage (pT), and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa). Among intraductal carcinoma/cribriform architecture (IDC/C)-negative patients, GBX2 methylation improves prediction of BCR. Loss of TET2 in prostate cells results in greater GBX2 methylation.
- Identification of prognosis-relevant subgroups in patients with chemoresistant triple-negative breast cancer.
Yu, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2013 - GeneRIF: Data established a seven-gene (AR, ESR2, GATA3, GBX2, KRT16, MMP28 and WNT11) prognostic signature to define a subset of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
- New genetic associations detected in a host response study to hepatitis B vaccine.
Davila, Genes and immunity 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
- Gbx2 and Otx2 interact with the WD40 domain of Groucho/Tle corepressors.
Heimbucher, Molecular and cellular biology 2007 - GeneRIF: Gbx2 and Otx2 interact with the WD40 domain of Groucho/Tle corepressors
- More
CG18599 uncharacterized protein from Drosophila melanogaster
48% identity, 13% coverage
- Evolution of the Spider Homeobox Gene Repertoire by Tandem and Whole Genome Duplication
Aase-Remedios, Molecular biology and evolution 2023 - “...) Hox9-15 Abd-B Abdominal-B ( Abd-B ) Hhex Hhex HHEX Abox Abox CG34031 Noto Noto CG18599 Dbx Dbx Dbx Emx Emx ems, E5 Dlx Dlx Distalless (Dll) NK2 (ANTP) NK2.1 NK2.1 scarecrow ( scro ) En En engrailed ( en ) , invected ( inv )...”
- Activation of Ftz-F1-Responsive Genes through Ftz/Ftz-F1 Dependent Enhancers
Field, PloS one 2016 - “...y ftz y CG13424 y hbn y CG15696 y CG15696 y ind y ind y CG18599 y CG1859 y lab y CG32105 y CG32105 y lbe y lbe y CG32532 y CG32532 y lbl y lbl y Vsx1 y Vsx1 y mirr y mirr y CG4328...”
- Neuromolecular responses to social challenge: common mechanisms across mouse, stickleback fish, and honey bee
Rittschof, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 - “...GB44229 hr38 lim3 ftz-f1 mirr pdm2 CG18599 slp2 ENSGACG00000010218 ENSGACG00000013676 ENSGACG00000004132 ENSGACG00000003717 GB50931 GB51617 GB49843 GB43409 srp...”
- Genetic annotation of gain-of-function screens using RNA interference and in situ hybridization of candidate genes in the Drosophila wing
Molnar, Genetics 2012 - “...(Psa) CG4399 (east) CG42593 CG5605 (eRF1) CG15083 CG3505 CG17390 (oaz) CG18599 CG1417 (slgA) Gene 39 Bs/F/V2 wt EPL nW/PL dp/ML L/sF wt V+/S wt wt wt wt wt wt...”
- A gain-of-function screen identifying genes required for growth and pattern formation of the Drosophila melanogaster wing
Cruz, Genetics 2009 - “...CG12207 CG42404 CG6889 (tara) CG6588 (Fas 1) CG5175 (kuk) CG7660 (pxt) CG18599 CG7691 CG17836 PP 45 2 TF CS 1 7 CGd TF CG7583 (CtBP) CG9351( flfl) 0 0 7 CS...”
- “...CG30011 (gem) CG4399 (east) CG15151 (PFE) CG3940 CG18599 CG6768 (DNApol-e) CG31044 CG32955 (CENP-ana) CG1877 (lin19) CG7895 (tin) CG2621 (sgg) CG4903 (MESR4)...”
- Minos as a genetic and genomic tool in Drosophila melanogaster
Metaxakis, Genetics 2005 - “...577 TABLE 2 (Continued) Genes with Minos hits CG18599 CG7700 CG31175, Dys CG31175, Dys CG5191 CG5346 CG13408 CG4467 CG13624 CR31382, tRNA Asp CG31120 CG10001...”
NP_037075 homeobox protein DLX-5 from Rattus norvegicus
43% identity, 27% coverage
- miR‑339‑5p negatively regulates loureirin A‑induced hair follicle stem cell differentiation by targeting DLX5.
Li, Molecular medicine reports 2018 - GeneRIF: these results suggest that miR3395p negatively regulated loureirin Ainduced HFSC differentiation by targeting DLX5, resulting in Wnt/betacatenin signaling pathway inhibition.
- Osteogenic transcription factors and proto-oncogene regulate bone sialoprotein gene transcription.
Takai, Journal of oral science 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: results demonstrate that overexpression of Runx2, Dlx5 or c-Src stimulates BSP transcription, and suggest that Runx2, Dlx5 and c-Src might be crucial transcriptional regulators of mineralization and bone formation
- Homeodomain transcription factors regulate BMP-2-induced osteoactivin transcription in osteoblasts.
Singh, Journal of cellular physiology 2012 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: OA transcription is differentially regulated by Dlx3, Dlx5, and Msx2 during osteoblast differentiation.
- Dlx5 specifically regulates Runx2 type II expression by binding to homeodomain-response elements in the Runx2 distal promoter.
Lee, The Journal of biological chemistry 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 specifically transactivates the Runx2 P1 promoter, and its action on the P1 promoter is antagonized by Msx2
- Bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced alkaline phosphatase expression is stimulated by Dlx5 and repressed by Msx2.
Kim, The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 transactivates ALP expression, directly by binding to its cognate response element and/or indirectly by stimulating Runx2 expression, and Msx2 counteracts the direct transactivation of Dlx5
- Dlx3 transcriptional regulation of osteoblast differentiation: temporal recruitment of Msx2, Dlx3, and Dlx5 homeodomain proteins to chromatin of the osteocalcin gene.
Hassan, Molecular and cellular biology 2004 - GeneRIF: Results describe gene regulation by Dlx3 in relation to that of Msx2 and Dlx5 during osteoblast differentiation.
- BMP-2-induced Runx2 expression is mediated by Dlx5, and TGF-beta 1 opposes the BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation by suppression of Dlx5 expression.
Lee, The Journal of biological chemistry 2003 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 is an indispensable regulator of BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation as well as the counteraction point of the opposing TGF-beta 1 action
PITX3_HUMAN / O75364 Pituitary homeobox 3; Homeobox protein PITX3; Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
NP_005020 pituitary homeobox 3 from Homo sapiens
43% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcriptional regulator which is important for the differentiation and maintenance of meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons during development. In addition to its importance during development, it also has roles in the long-term survival and maintenance of the mdDA neurons. Activates NR4A2/NURR1-mediated transcription of genes such as SLC6A3, SLC18A2, TH and DRD2 which are essential for development of mdDA neurons. Acts by decreasing the interaction of NR4A2/NURR1 with the corepressor NCOR2/SMRT which acts through histone deacetylases (HDACs) to keep promoters of NR4A2/NURR1 target genes in a repressed deacetylated state. Essential for the normal lens development and differentiation. Plays a critical role in the maintenance of mitotic activity of lens epithelial cells, fiber cell differentiation and in the control of the temporal and spatial activation of fiber cell-specific crystallins. Positively regulates FOXE3 expression and negatively regulates PROX1 in the anterior lens epithelium, preventing activation of CDKN1B/P27Kip1 and CDKN1C/P57Kip2 and thus maintains lens epithelial cells in cell cycle (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with SFPQ. - Variants in PAX6, PITX3 and HSF4 causing autosomal dominant congenital cataracts.
Berry, Eye (London, England) 2022 - GeneRIF: Variants in PAX6, PITX3 and HSF4 causing autosomal dominant congenital cataracts.
- Complementation of dopaminergic signaling by Pitx3-GDNF synergy induces dopamine secretion by multipotent Ntera2 cells.
Eskandarian, Journal of cellular biochemistry 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Complementation of dopaminergic signaling by Pitx3-GDNF synergy induces dopamine secretion by multipotent Ntera2 cells.
- PITX3 mutations associated with autosomal dominant congenital cataract in the Chinese population.
Wu, Molecular medicine reports 2019 - GeneRIF: The functional analysis of these 2 PITX3 mutations in the in vitro functional studies is an important complement and extension, which provides a potential interpretation for the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of PITX3 mutations associated with CC.
- A novel mutation in the OAR domain of PITX3 associated with congenital posterior subcapsular cataract.
Fan, BMC medical genetics 2019 - GeneRIF: The mutation c.797_814del, p.Ser266_Ala271del is a novel mutation in the conserved DNA-binding OAR domain of PITX3 that causes congenital cataract.
- Identification of PITX3 mutations in individuals with various ocular developmental defects.
Zazo, Ophthalmic genetics 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Heterozygous mutation in the PITX3 gene is associated with ocular developmental defects.
- Genetic analysis of PITX3 variants in patients with essential tremor.
Chen, Acta neurologica Scandinavica 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: PITX3 variants rs3758549 and rs4919621 are not associated with ET in Chinese Han population.
- PITX3 DNA methylation is an independent predictor of overall survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Sailer, Clinical epigenetics 2017 - GeneRIF: Study showed that PITX3 methylation was significantly methylated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumor compared to normal adjacent tissue and correlated with lymph node status. These results provide evidence that PITX3 DNA methylation is an independent prognostic biomarker for overall survival in patients with HNSCC and might aid in the process of risk stratification for individualized treatment.
- Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Novel Mutation in the PITX3 Gene, Causing Autosomal Dominant Congenital Cataracts in a Chinese Family.
Liu, Annals of clinical and laboratory science 2017 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: These findings suggest that p.A203fs in PITX3 is the cause of cataracts in the recruited family.
- More
NP_001116381 GS homeobox 2 from Oryzias latipes
54% identity, 24% coverage
- Gsx2, but not Gsx1, is necessary for early forebrain patterning and long-term survival in zebrafish
Coltogirone, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2023 - “...R. norvegicus Gsx2 NP_001131035.1 H. sapiens Gsx2 NP_573574.2 X. tropicalis Gsx2 AAI58504.1 O. latipes Gsx2 NP_001116381 L. oculatus Gsx2 XP_006630061 Drosophila melanogaster Ind NP_996087.2 TABLE 2 Table of primers, plasmids, and antibodies Primers and plasmids Gene Primer sequence Used for Additional information gsx1 FW: 5-AGCATTTGGTACACGAGCGA-3 RV:...”
XP_011530999 homeobox protein EMX1 isoform X1 from Homo sapiens
51% identity, 48% coverage
DLX5_HUMAN / P56178 Homeobox protein DLX-5 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 3 papers)
NP_005212 homeobox protein DLX-5 from Homo sapiens
43% identity, 27% coverage
- function: Transcriptional factor involved in bone development. Acts as an immediate early BMP-responsive transcriptional activator essential for osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates ALPL promoter activity in a RUNX2-independent manner during osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates SP7 promoter activity during osteoblast differentiation. Promotes cell proliferation by up-regulating MYC promoter activity. Involved as a positive regulator of both chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in the endochondral skeleton. Binds to the homeodomain-response element of the ALPL and SP7 promoter. Binds to the MYC promoter. Requires the 5'-TAATTA-3' consensus sequence for DNA-binding.
subunit: Interacts with XRCC6 (Ku70). - Sequence variants in DLX5, HOXD13 and 445 kb-microduplication surrounding BTRC cause split-hand/foot malformation in three different families.
Abdullah, Clinical genetics 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Sequence variants in DLX5, HOXD13 and 445 kb-microduplication surrounding BTRC cause split-hand/foot malformation in three different families.
- Dlx5 promotes cancer progression through regulation of CCND1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Zhang, Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Dlx5 promotes cancer progression through regulation of CCND1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
- Activation of bivalent factor DLX5 cooperates with master regulator TP63 to promote squamous cell carcinoma.
Huang, Nucleic acids research 2021 - GeneRIF: Activation of bivalent factor DLX5 cooperates with master regulator TP63 to promote squamous cell carcinoma.
- Identification and functional analysis of changes to the ox-LDL-induced microRNA-124-3p/DLX5 axis in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Jia, Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Identification and functional analysis of changes to the ox-LDL-induced microRNA-124-3p/DLX5 axis in vascular smooth muscle cells.
- Distal-Less Homeobox 5 Is a Therapeutic Target for Attenuating Hypertrophy and Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells.
Twomey-Kozak, International journal of molecular sciences 2020 - GeneRIF: Distal-Less Homeobox 5 Is a Therapeutic Target for Attenuating Hypertrophy and Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells.
- Inhibition of microRNA-27b-3p relieves osteoarthritis pain via regulation of KDM4B-dependent DLX5.
Zhang, BioFactors (Oxford, England) 2020 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Inhibition of microRNA-27b-3p relieves osteoarthritis pain via regulation of KDM4B-dependent DLX5.
- Children's biobehavioral reactivity to challenge predicts DNA methylation in adolescence and emerging adulthood.
Goodman, Developmental science 2019 - GeneRIF: Children with biobehavioral reactivity to challenge and were inhibited were found to have decreased DNA methylation of the DLX5 and IGF2 genes at both time points, as compared to non-reactive, disinhibited children.
- Distal-less homeobox 5 promotes the osteo-/dentinogenic differentiation potential of stem cells from apical papilla by activating histone demethylase KDM4B through a positive feedback mechanism.
Yang, Experimental cell research 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: activation of the DLX5/KDM4B signaling pathway might serve as an intrinsic mechanism that promotes tissue regeneration mediated by dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
- More
- Probable Treatment Targets for Diabetic Retinopathy Based on an Integrated Proteomic and Genomic Analysis.
Valdivia, Translational vision science & technology 2023 - “...NR3C1 P04150 Glucocorticoid receptor NKX3-2 P78367 Homeobox protein Nkx-3.2 MSX-2 P35548 Homeobox protein MSX-2 DLX-5 P56178 Homeobox protein DLX-5 Candidate target proteins found in the RUNX2 pathway. Proteins were selected based on their appearance in the RUNX2 pathway using the REACTOME database. Convergent and divergent proteins...”
- “...Not available Not available Not available MSX2 P35548 Not available Not available Not available DLX5 P56178 Not available Not available Not available Top 10 compounds that target constituents in the RUNX2 pathway were selected based on their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ). Compounds were further...”
- Peptide Sharing Between Viruses and DLX Proteins: A Potential Cross-Reactivity Pathway to Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
Lucchese, Frontiers in neuroscience 2018 - “...human DXL1 (Uniprot: P56177 , 256 aa), DLX2 (Uniprot: Q07687 , 328 aa), DLX5 (Uniprot: P56178 , 289 aa), and DLX6 (Uniprot: P56179 ; 175 aa) were dissected into pentapeptides offset by one aa residue: MTMTT, TMTTM, MTTMP, and so forth. Then, each of the resulting...”
NP_996314 Ptx1, isoform C from Drosophila melanogaster
40% identity, 14% coverage
NP_990819 homeobox protein MSX-1 from Gallus gallus
43% identity, 22% coverage
VENTX_HUMAN / O95231 Homeobox protein VENTX; VENT homeobox homolog; VENT-like homeobox protein 2 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_055283 homeobox protein VENTX from Homo sapiens
46% identity, 26% coverage
- function: May be involved in ventralization
- A New Versatile Immobilization Tag Based on the Ultra High Affinity and Reversibility of the Calmodulin-Calmodulin Binding Peptide Interaction.
Mukherjee, Journal of molecular biology 2015 - “...the immobilization tag. For most of the constructs ZSCAN29 (Q8IWY8), TSC22D4 (Q9Y3Q8), ESRRA (P11474), VENTX (O95231), MAFF (Q9ULX9), LIN28A (Q9H9Z2), JARID2 (Q92833) and NEDD9 (Q14511) the amount of the overexpressed protein significantly increased in the soluble fraction compared to that of Avi-tagged ones. Some of them...”
- “...respectively. ESRRA (Uniprot: P11474), NEDD9 (Uniprot: Q14511), ZSCAN29 (Uniprot: Q8IWY8), TSC22D4 (Uniprot: Q9Y3Q8), VENTX (Uniprot: O95231), MAFF (Uniprot: Q9ULX9), LIN28A (Uniprot: Q9H9Z2) and JARID2 (Uniprot: Q92833) were amplified from the plasmids HR7097C, HR5554A, HR8429A, HR7683A, HR7703A, HR8265A, HR7525A and HR8400C respectively. The HR- plasmids have the...”
- VentX expression in tumor-associated macrophages promotes phagocytosis and immunity against pancreatic cancers.
Le, JCI insight 2020 - GeneRIF: VentX expression in tumor-associated macrophages promotes phagocytosis and immunity against pancreatic cancers.
- The homeobox protein VentX reverts immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment.
Le, Nature communications 2018 - GeneRIF: Findings suggest potential applications of homeobox protein VentX (VentX)-regulated tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer immunotherapy.
- Homeobox protein VentX induces p53-independent apoptosis in cancer cells.
Gao, Oncotarget 2016 - GeneRIF: VentX induces apoptosis of cancer cells in a p53-independent manner
- VENTX induces expansion of primitive erythroid cells and contributes to the development of acute myeloid leukemia in mice.
Gentner, Oncotarget 2016 - GeneRIF: VENTX impairs expression of genes involved in erythroid differentiation and is highly expressed in patients with acute erythroid leukemia.
- Homeobox transcription factor VentX regulates differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells.
Wu, The Journal of biological chemistry 2014 - GeneRIF: Data suggest that homeobox transcription factor VentX may be a target to modulate Dendritic cells (DCs) functions and manage inflammatory diseases.
- Suppression of homeobox transcription factor VentX promotes expansion of human hematopoietic stem/multipotent progenitor cells.
Gao, The Journal of biological chemistry 2012 - GeneRIF: VentX regulates critical cell cycle regulators and Wnt downstream genes previously implicated in HSC/MPP proliferation and expansion.
- VentX trans-activates p53 and p16ink4a to regulate cellular senescence.
Wu, The Journal of biological chemistry 2011 - GeneRIF: Data show that VentX is a direct transcriptional activator of p53-p21 and p16ink4a-Rb tumor suppression pathways.
- The homeobox transcription factor VentX controls human macrophage terminal differentiation and proinflammatory activation.
Wu, The Journal of clinical investigation 2011 - GeneRIF: Results provide mechanistic insight into the crucial roles of VentX in macrophage differentiation and proinflammatory activation and suggest that dysregulation of VentX may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
- More
CEH63_CAEEL / A3FPJ2 Homeobox protein ceh-63 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see paper)
46% identity, 44% coverage
- function: Probable transcription factor, modulating expression of helix-loop-helix protein mbr-1, perhaps acting in concert with homeobox protein ceh-14 (PubMed:22207033). May play a minor role in axon guidance in the DVC interneuron (PubMed:22207033).
subunit: May interact with homeobox protein ceh-14.
LOC577702 homeobox protein EMX1 from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
47% identity, 20% coverage
- Thyroid hormone membrane receptor binding and transcriptional regulation in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Taylor, Frontiers in endocrinology 2023 - “...T4. Of genes regulating neural development and differentiation, zic and emx (promotors of neurogenesis; LOC578589, LOC577702) were upregulated in older larvae, while SoxB1 (repressor of neurogenesis; SoxB1) was downregulated. 3.4.7 Immune genes We found fewer immune-related DEGs compared to the other categories annotated ( Figure12 )....”
- Early expression onset of tissue-specific effector genes during the specification process in sea urchin embryos
Yamakawa, EvoDevo 2023 - “..., 88 ]: Foxq2 (foxq2), Nkx2.1 (NK2.1); nonapical ectoderm [ 25 ]: Six3 (LOC576281), Emx (LOC577702), Unvn (LOC373488), Lim1 (Lim1), Gsc (Gsc) and FoxG (FoxG); Veg1 ectoderm [ 25 ]: Eve (eve), Vegf3 (LOC100889860); Veg1 endoderm [ 25 ]: Eve (eve), Hox7 (Hbox7); skeletogenic cells [...”
Q07424 Homeobox protein CDX-4 from Mus musculus
NP_031700 homeobox protein CDX-4 from Mus musculus
45% identity, 25% coverage
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Drosophila abdominal-A (AbdA, P29555); mouse Cdx1 (mCdx1, P18111); mouse Cdx2 (mCdx1, P43241); mouse Cdx4 (mCdx4, Q07424); amphioxus Cdx (AmphiCdx, AAC39017); Drosophila caudal (cad, P09085); mouse Hoxa9 (mHoxa9, P09631); mouse Hoxa10 (mHoxa10, P31310); mouse Hoxa11 (mHoxa11, P31311); mouse Hoxd12 (mHoxd12, P23812); mouse Hoxa13 (mHoxa13, Q62424); amphioxus Hox9...”
- β-Catenin activates the HOXA10 and CDX4 genes in myeloid progenitor cells.
Bei, The Journal of biological chemistry 2012 - GeneRIF: a molecular mechanisms through which increased expression of HoxA10 increases Cdx4 expression by direct CDX4 activation and by Fgf2-induced beta-catenin activity. This results in Cdx4-induced HoxA10-expression, creating a positive feedback mechanism
- Interactions between Cdx genes and retinoic acid modulate early cardiogenesis.
Lengerke, Developmental biology 2011 - GeneRIF: Data suggest that cdx proteins affect cardiogenesis by regulating the formation of cardiogenic mesoderm.
- HoxA10 activates CDX4 transcription and Cdx4 activates HOXA10 transcription in myeloid cells.
Bei, The Journal of biological chemistry 2011 - GeneRIF: positive feedback relationship between HoxA10 and Cdx4, which potentially amplified the contribution of either transcription factor to the pathogenesis of AML.
- Concerted involvement of Cdx/Hox genes and Wnt signaling in morphogenesis of the caudal neural tube and cloacal derivatives from the posterior growth zone.
van, Development (Cambridge, England) 2011 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Compound mutants carrying one active Cdx2 allele in the Cdx4-null background (Cdx2/4), transgenic embryos precociously expressing Hox13 genes and a novel Wnt3a hypomorph mutant all manifest a comparable phenotype with similar uro-rectal defects
- Cdx4 is dispensable for murine adult hematopoietic stem cells but promotes MLL-AF9-mediated leukemogenesis.
Koo, Haematologica 2010 - GeneRIF: Cdx factors are functionally redundant during mammalian hematopoietic development under homeostatic conditions. Cdx4 participates in MLL-AF9-mediated leukemogenesis supporting a role for Cdx factors in the pathogenesis of myeloid leukemia.
- Cdx mutant axial progenitor cells are rescued by grafting to a wild type environment.
Bialecka, Developmental biology 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Cdx genes function to maintain a signaling-dependent niche for the posterior axial progenitors.
- Modulation of murine embryonic stem cell-derived CD41+c-kit+ hematopoietic progenitors by ectopic expression of Cdx genes.
McKinney-Freeman, Blood 2008 - GeneRIF: stromal cell and colony assay cultures of EB-derived hematopoietic progenitors subjected to ectopic expression of Cdx genes, Cdx4 enhances, whereas Cdx1 and Cdx2 inhibit hematopoietic activity, probably by blocking progenitor differentiation
- Cdx gene deficiency compromises embryonic hematopoiesis in the mouse.
Wang, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 - GeneRIF: These results reveal an essential and partially redundant role for Cdx1, Cdx2, and Cdx4 genes during embryonic hematopoiesis in the mouse.
- More
P02833 Homeotic protein antennapedia from Drosophila melanogaster
49% identity, 17% coverage
- Killing of Plasmodium Sporozoites by Basic Amphipathic α-Helical Fusion Peptides
Aguirre-Botero, Microorganisms 2024 - “...(Uniprot: P01508, CECB 27-61 ), Drosophila melanogaster homeotic protein antennapedia a-helix 3, penetratin (Purple, Uniprot: P02833, ANTP R339-K354 ), and human AAC11 a-helix 18 (Blue, Apoptosis Inhibitor 5, Uniprot: Q9BZZ5, API5_HUMAN A363-T399 ). RedArginine to Alanine mutation in the AAC11-derived peptide sequence. ( B ) Projection...”
- Delivered complementation in planta (DCIP) enables measurement of peptide-mediated protein delivery efficiency in plants
Wang, Communications biology 2023 - “...(UniProt: A0AAS6), Homo sapiens VAX1 (UniProt: Q5SQQ9), OCT4 (UniProt: D5K9R8), and Drosophila melanogaster ANTENNAPEDIA (UniProt: P02833) were aligned using UniProt Clustal Omega ( https://www.uniprot.org/align ). The aligned sequences were then prepared using the ESPript 3.0 web server 82 . Statistics and reproducibility Data obtained from Cell...”
- Rapid and efficient purification of Drosophila homeodomain transcription factors for biophysical characterization
Orlomoski, Protein expression and purification 2019 - “...His-SUMO Vector The HD open reading frames of FTZ (Uniprot: P02835, residues 254313) and ANTP (P02833, residues 297356) were Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) codon-optimized and synthesized by Synbio Technologies and cloned into a modified T7-inducible HisSUMO vector in between compatible Kpn I and Xba...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...P07548); Drosophila Sex combs reduced (Scr, P09077); Drosophila fushi tarazu (ftz, P02835), Drosophila Antennapedia (Antp; P02833); Drosophila Ultrabithorax (Ubx, P02834); Drosophila abdominal-A (AbdA, P29555); mouse Cdx1 (mCdx1, P18111); mouse Cdx2 (mCdx1, P43241); mouse Cdx4 (mCdx4, Q07424); amphioxus Cdx (AmphiCdx, AAC39017); Drosophila caudal (cad, P09085); mouse Hoxa9...”
- Trinucleotide repeats and long homopeptides in genes and proteins associated with nervous system disease and development
Karlin, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 - “...I (P30189) Eyes absent (Q05201) Antennapedia (P02833) Cut (P10180) Hairless (Q02308) Polycomb (P26017) Polyhomeotic-proximal chromatin (P39769) Disconnected...”
P48031 Homeobox protein GBX-2 from Mus musculus
NP_034392 homeobox protein GBX-2 from Mus musculus
49% identity, 17% coverage
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...(mMsx3, P70354); Oryzias latipes Msx4 (OlMsx4, BAA88311); human Gbx1 (hGbx1, Q14549) and mouse Gbx2 (mGbx2; P48031); mouse engrailed1 (mEn1, P09065); mouse engrailed2 (mEn2, P09066); mouse HB9 (mHB9, NP064328). Sequences from other organisms were omitted as the full set of genes is not available or the homeobox...”
- Gbx2 Identifies Two Amacrine Cell Subtypes with Distinct Molecular, Morphological, and Physiological Properties.
Kerstein, Cell reports 2020 - GeneRIF: Gbx2 Identifies Two Amacrine Cell Subtypes with Distinct Molecular, Morphological, and Physiological Properties.
- The transcription factor Gbx2 induces expression of Kruppel-like factor 4 to maintain and induce naïve pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.
Wang, The Journal of biological chemistry 2017 - GeneRIF: Functional studies indicated that Klf4 mediates the self-renewal-promoting effects of Gbx2, because knockdown of Klf4 expression abrogated the ability of Gbx2 to maintain the undifferentiated state of mESCs.
- Gbx2 is essential for maintaining thalamic neuron identity and repressing habenular characters in the developing thalamus.
Mallika, Developmental biology 2015 - GeneRIF: Gbx2 is essential for the acquisition of the thalamic neuronal identity by repressing habenular identity through a feedback signaling from postmitotic neurons to progenitors
- Gbx2, a LIF/Stat3 target, promotes reprogramming to and retention of the pluripotent ground state.
Tai, Journal of cell science 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Results reveal a novel function of Gbx2 in mESC reprogramming and LIF/Stat3-mediated self-renewal.
- Deregulated FGF and homeotic gene expression underlies cerebellar vermis hypoplasia in CHARGE syndrome.
Yu, eLife 2013 - GeneRIF: Deregulated FGF8 and Otx2/Gbx2 gene expression underlies cerebellar vermis hypoplasia in mouse model of CHARGE syndrome.
- Gbx2 directly restricts Otx2 expression to forebrain and midbrain, competing with class III POU factors.
Inoue, Molecular and cellular biology 2012 - GeneRIF: the Gbx2 homeodomain recognizes the target TAATTA in the FM enhancer, and Gbx2 associates with the FM enhancer in the hindbrain
- Gbx2 plays an essential but transient role in the formation of thalamic nuclei.
Li, PloS one 2012 - GeneRIF: Results indicate that the dynamic expression of Gbx2 may act as an important determinant in coupling with other developmental programs to generate distinct thalamic nuclei.
- Gbx2 regulates thalamocortical axon guidance by modifying the LIM and Robo codes.
Chatterjee, Development (Cambridge, England) 2012 - GeneRIF: Gbx2 regulates thalamocortical axon guidance by modifying the LIM and Robo codes.
- More
PDX1_XENLA / P14837 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1; PDX-1; Homeobox protein 8; XlHbox-8 from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 2 papers)
51% identity, 25% coverage
- function: Acts together with ptf1a to induce the pancreatic lineage within the endoderm.
- Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1.
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and zygosity. For instance, a frameshift mutation leading to PDX1 truncation N-terminal to the DBD is...”
HMSH_DROME / Q03372 Muscle segmentation homeobox; Protein drop; Protein msh from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 4 papers)
NP_477324 drop from Drosophila melanogaster
41% identity, 12% coverage
- function: Plays a key role in the specification of proneural and promuscular cluster formation (PubMed:8887329, PubMed:9486795). Required for the specification of dorsal and lateral muscle progenitor cells (PubMed:8887329, PubMed:9486795). Regulates development of peripheral nervous system derived from lateral neuroblasts (PubMed:28716930).
- Drosophila Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase (Hipk) Phosphorylates the Homeodomain Proteins Homeobrain, Empty Spiracles, and Muscle Segment Homeobox.
Steinmetz, International journal of molecular sciences 2019 - GeneRIF: The phosphorylation of Hbn, Ems, and Msh may provide further insight into the function of Hipk during development of the Drosophila nervous system.
- Role of en and novel interactions between msh, ind, and vnd in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain and ventral nerve cord.
Seibert, Developmental biology 2010 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: cross-repression between Ind and Msh stabilizes the border between intermediate and dorsal tritocerebrum and deutocerebrum, and that both transcription factors are competent to inhibit vnd expression
- Ind represses msh expression in the intermediate column of the Drosophila neuroectoderm, through direct interaction with upstream regulatory DNA.
Von, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2009 - GeneRIF: expression is expanded ventrally in ind mutant embryos and Ind protein directly and specifically bound to the msh regulatory DNA, and this interaction was required to limit the ventral boundary of msh expression.
- Dorsoventral patterning of the brain: a comparative approach.
Urbach, Advances in experimental medicine and biology 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Data show that expression of gene msh is invloved in dorsoventral regionalization within the developing brain and truncal nervous system in Drosophilia.
- Mutual repression between msh and Iro-C is an essential component of the boundary between body wall and wing in Drosophila.
Villa-Cuesta, Development (Cambridge, England) 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Mutual repression between msh and Iro-C is an essential component of the boundary between body wall and wing in Drosophila.
PITX_DROME / O18400 Pituitary homeobox homolog Ptx1; D-PTX1 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
40% identity, 14% coverage
- function: Appears to control physiological cell functions rather than pattern formation during embryogenesis.
PNX_DANRE / F1R2J1 Homeobox protein pnx; Posterior neuron-specific homeobox from Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) (see paper)
50% identity, 32% coverage
- function: Transcriptional repressor. Activity as a repressor is enhanced by binding to the corepressor tle3a.
subunit: Interacts with tle3a.
disruption phenotype: Morpholino knockdown of the protein results in impaired neurogenesis in posterior regions. Expression of the neural precursor marker ngn1 is reduced at the one- to three-somite stage. At later stages, there is a significant reduction in islet1-expressing primary motoneurons and defective axon outgrowth from motoneurons. Formation of Rohon-Beard neurons is initially abnormal but later recovers. Development of secondary neurons is not affected.
NP_001083900 gastrulation brain homeobox 2, gene 1 S homeolog from Xenopus laevis
49% identity, 18% coverage
DLL_DROME / P20009 Homeotic protein distal-less; Protein brista from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 4 papers)
NP_523857 Distal-less, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
42% identity, 20% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that plays a role in larval and adult appendage development. Specifies the identity of ventral appendages (including legs and antennae) and suppresses dorsal appendage development. Involved in patterning the distal-proximal limb axis. May control the adhesive properties of cells during limb morphogenesis. Also has a secondary role in the normal patterning of the wing margin.
- A Distalless-responsive enhancer of the Hox gene Sex combs reduced is required for segment- and sex-specific sensory organ development in Drosophila.
Eksi, PLoS genetics 2018 - GeneRIF: Data show that the Distalless and Engrailed homeodomain transcription factors act through sequences in this enhancer to establish elevated Sex combs reduced (Scr) expression in spatially defined domains.
- Tissue-specific enhancer repression through molecular integration of cell signaling inputs.
Mojica-Vázquez, PLoS genetics 2017 - GeneRIF: we find that C15 interacts physically with the Dll activator through contacts between their homeodomain and binds competitively with Dll to adjacent cognate sites on LAE, adding potential new layers of regulation by C15. Lastly, we show that C15 and Bowl activities regulate also rn expression
- Notch-dependent epithelial fold determines boundary formation between developmental fields in the Drosophila antenna.
Ku, PLoS genetics 2017 - GeneRIF: During antennal development, expression of the selector genes Lim1 and Dll was sharply segregated. Notch signaling induces actomyosin-dependent apical constriction and epithelial fold. Disruption of Notch signaling or the actomyosin network reduces apical constriction and epithelial fold.
- Expression of the Drosophila homeobox gene, Distal-less, supports an ancestral role in neural development.
Plavicki, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2016 - GeneRIF: Characterization of Dll expression in the developing nervous system supports a role of Dll in neural development and function
- A Hox Transcription Factor Collective Binds a Highly Conserved Distal-less cis-Regulatory Module to Generate Robust Transcriptional Outcomes.
Uhl, PLoS genetics 2016 - GeneRIF: Distal-less regulatory element that controls gene expression in leg precursor cells recruits multiple Hox, Extradenticle (Exd) and Homothorax (Hth) complexes to mediate dual outputs: thoracic activation and abdominal repression.
- Emergence and diversification of fly pigmentation through evolution of a gene regulatory module.
Arnoult, Science (New York, N.Y.) 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: findings show a spot of dark pigment on fly wings emerged from assembly of a novel gene regulatory module in which a set of pigmentation genes evolved to respond to a common transcriptional regulator determining their spatial distribution; the primitive wing spot pattern subsequently diversified through changes in expression pattern of this regulator
- Drosophila distal-less and Rotund bind a single enhancer ensuring reliable and robust bric-a-brac2 expression in distinct limb morphogenetic fields.
Baanannou, PLoS genetics 2013 - GeneRIF: Joint ectopic expression of Dll and Rn is sufficient to cell-autonomously activate endogenous bab2 and LAE-driven reporter expression in wing and haltere cells
- Developmental regulation of chromatin conformation by Hox proteins in Drosophila.
Agelopoulos, Cell reports 2012 - GeneRIF: Hox proteins regulate Dll transcription in part by locally modifying chromatin structure at the Dll locus.
- More
- Protocol to synthesize the auxin analog 5-Ph-IAA for conditional protein depletion in C. elegans using the AID2 system
Sural, STAR protocols 2024 - “...XPhos Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # 638064 5-Chloroindole Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # C47604 Phenylboronic acid Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # P20009 Cesium hydroxide hydrate Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # C8518 Oxalyl chloride Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # 221015 2-Ethoxyethanol Sigma-Aldrich Catalog # 128082 Sodium methoxide TCI Chemicals Catalog # S0485 Hydrazine monohydrate Sigma-Aldrich Catalog #...”
- Unanticipated domain requirements for Drosophila Wnk kinase in vivo
Yarikipati, PLoS genetics 2023 - “...was generated by ThermoFisher Custom Antibodies against the peptide EFPPTGLSPPTQAPWDQKPH (residues 250269 of Uniprot entry P20009, but present in all annotated isoforms) at New Mexico State University and was used at 1:100. FITC anti-rabbit, 568 anti-guinea pig, and 647 anti-mouse secondaries were from Life Sciences and...”
- On-site applicable diagnostic fluorescent probe for fire blight bacteria.
Jung, iScience 2023
NP_476657 slouch, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
54% identity, 9% coverage
HM43_CAEEL / Q18273 Homeobox protein ceh-43 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see 2 papers)
46% identity, 23% coverage
- function: Probable transcription factor (PubMed:23788625). Binds to the sequence motif 5'-ATAAT-3' in regulatory elements (PubMed:23788625). Required for development of the anterior hypodermis during embryonic morphogenesis for cell adhesion; also affects embryonic and larval viability (PubMed:11747075). Modulates and maintains dopaminergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:23788625). May activate dopamine pathway genes in concert with ETS domain-containing protein ast-1, and homeobox proteins ceh-40 and ceh-20 (PubMed:23788625).
- Expression of Distal-less, dachshund, and optomotor blind in Neanthes arenaceodentata (Annelida, Nereididae) does not support homology of appendage-forming mechanisms across the Bilateria
Winchell, Development genes and evolution 2010 - “...CAC34380, AAP79300, BAA89014, ACN66454, CAJ38799, P53772, NP_001027820, NP_001123282, AAV85986, AAG41498, NP_571380, NP_001093727, NP_001074359, XP_001638618, NP_005211, Q18273, NP_001158403, CAJ38810, NP_523387, NP_031552. b Gene tree for sequences related to Drosophila dachshund , rooted with Ski and Sno homologs. GenBank accession numbers for the analyzed sequences, in order from...”
XP_521666 homeobox protein VENTX isoform X1 from Pan troglodytes
46% identity, 26% coverage
- Conservation and diversification of an ancestral chordate gene regulatory network for dorsoventral patterning
Kozmikova, PloS one 2011 - “...tree, we used the following organisms (with accession numbers): Human VENTX2 (AF068006), Pan troglodytes Vent (XP_521666), zebrafish Vox (AF255045), zebrafish Vent (AF255044), Xenopus Xvent-2B (AJ131095), Xenopus Xvent-2 (X98849), Xenopus Xvent-1B (AJ131094), Xenopus Xvent-1 (X92851), amphioxus AmphiVent2 (gene model estExt_gwp.C_7770002; protein ID 289443; http://genome.jgi-psf.org ), amphioxus AmphiVent1...”
hox1 / CAD59667.1 putative homeobox protein hox1, partial from Ciona intestinalis (see paper)
56% identity, 42% coverage
XP_006498792 homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 2 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
P49749 Homeobox even-skipped homolog protein 2 from Mus musculus
51% identity, 12% coverage
- Evx2-Hoxd13 intergenic region restricts enhancer association to Hoxd13 promoter.
Yamagishi, PloS one 2007 - GeneRIF: Data show that the intergenic region between Evx2 and Hoxd13 behaves as a boundary element that functions differentially in space and time, specifically in the development of limbs, genital bud, and brain.
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Drosophila buttonless (btn, AAF56025); mouse Evx1 (m Evx1 , P23683); mouse Evx2 (m Evx2 , P49749); amphioxus EvxA (Amphi EvxA , AAK58953); amphioxus EvxB (Amphi EvxB , AAK58954); Drosophila even-skipped (eve, P06602); mouse Gsh1 (mGsh1, P31315); mouse Gsh2 (mGsh2, P31316); amphioxus Gsx (AmphiGsx, AAC39015); Drosophila ind...”
NP_999816 even-skipped-like protein from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
49% identity, 19% coverage
2me6A / Q14549 Nmr structure of the homeodomain transcription factor gbx1 from homo sapiens in complex with the DNA sequence cgactaattagtcg
49% identity, 70% coverage
HESXB_XENLA / Q91898 Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1-B; Homeobox protein ANF-1; XANF-1; Xanf1 from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 9 papers)
NP_001156042 homeobox expressed in ES cells 1-B from Xenopus laevis
48% identity, 31% coverage
VEX1_XENLA / Q9W769 Homeobox protein vex1; Homeodomain transcription factor vex-1; Ventral homeobox protein; Xvex-1 from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 2 papers)
44% identity, 25% coverage
- function: Transcriptional repressor. Acts in a ventral signaling pathway downstream of bmp4 to antagonize the Spemann organizer and ventrally pattern the embryonic mesoderm. Represses transcription of the dorsal genes gsc and otx2.
LOC107447678 homeobox protein MSH-B from Parasteatoda tepidariorum
41% identity, 17% coverage
PDX1_MOUSE / P52946 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1; Insulin promoter factor 1; IPF-1; Islet/duodenum homeobox 1; IDX-1; Somatostatin-transactivating factor 1; STF-1 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see 6 papers)
NP_032840 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Mus musculus
55% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Activates insulin and somatostatin gene transcription. Key regulator of islet peptide hormone expression but also responsible for the development of the pancreas, most probably by determining maturation and differentiation of common pancreatic precursor cells in the developing gut. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-CC[CT]TAATGGG-3'.
subunit: Interacts with the basic helix-loop-helix domains of TCF3(E47) and NEUROD1 and with HMG-I(Y). Interacts with the methyltransferase SETD7 (By similarity). Interacts with SPOP. Part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex. - Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...size/chemistry are denoted with a colon. UniProt accession numbers for aligned sequences are P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and zygosity. For...”
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters.
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...Drosophila labial (lab, P10105); Drosophila proboscipedia (pb, P31264); Drosophila zerknllt (zen, AAF54087); mouse Pdx1 (mPdx1, P52946); amphioxus Xlox (AmphiXlox, AAC 39016); mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse Hoxa5 (mHoxa5, P20719); mouse Hoxa6 (mHoxa6, P09092); mouse Hoxa7 (mHoxa7, P02830); mouse...”
- Repression of latent NF-κB enhancers by PDX1 regulates β cell functional heterogeneity.
Weidemann, Cell metabolism 2024 - GeneRIF: Repression of latent NF-kappaB enhancers by PDX1 regulates beta cell functional heterogeneity.
- PDX1, a transcription factor essential for organ differentiation, regulates SERCA-dependent Ca2+ homeostasis in sensory neurons.
Saloman, Cell calcium 2024 - GeneRIF: PDX1, a transcription factor essential for organ differentiation, regulates SERCA-dependent Ca[2+] homeostasis in sensory neurons.
- [Prdx1 regulates macrophage polarization by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis].
Zhang, Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: [Prdx1 regulates macrophage polarization by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis].
- Overexpression of Pdx1, reduction of p53, or deletion of CHOP attenuates pancreas hypoplasia in mice with pancreas-specific O-GlcNAc transferase deletion.
Wong, The Journal of biological chemistry 2023 - GeneRIF: Overexpression of Pdx1, reduction of p53, or deletion of CHOP attenuates pancreas hypoplasia in mice with pancreas-specific O-GlcNAc transferase deletion.
- Pdx1 expression in hematopoietic cells activates Kras-mutation to drive leukemia in KC (Pdx1-Cre; LSL-KrasG12D/+) mice.
Walcheck, Leukemia & lymphoma 2023 - GeneRIF: Pdx1 expression in hematopoietic cells activates Kras-mutation to drive leukemia in KC (Pdx1-Cre; LSL-Kras[G12D/+]) mice.
- PIMT Controls Insulin Synthesis and Secretion through PDX1.
Sharma, International journal of molecular sciences 2023 - GeneRIF: PIMT Controls Insulin Synthesis and Secretion through PDX1.
- Intracellular ATP Signaling Contributes to FAM3A-Induced PDX1 Upregulation in Pancreatic Beta Cells.
Yan, Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association 2022 - GeneRIF: Intracellular ATP Signaling Contributes to FAM3A-Induced PDX1 Upregulation in Pancreatic Beta Cells.
- Islet transplantation into brown adipose tissue can delay immune rejection.
Kepple, JCI insight 2022 - GeneRIF: Islet transplantation into brown adipose tissue can delay immune rejection.
- More
UBX_DROME / P83949 Homeotic protein ultrabithorax from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
NP_536752 ultrabithorax, isoform A from Drosophila melanogaster
49% identity, 15% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds the consensus region 5'-TTAAT[GT][GA]-3'. This homeotic protein controls development of the cells in the posterior thoracic and first abdominal segments. It activates the synthesis of the decapentaplegic (DPP) growth factor
- CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Mutagenesis of Abdominal-A and Ultrabithorax in the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis
Bi, Insects 2022 - “...rubra (AAK06846.2), Papilio polytes (XP_013139462.1), and Galleria mellonella (XP_026759670.1). Ubx protein sequences included Drosophila melanogaster (NP_536752.1), Bombyx mori (NP_001107632.1), Apis mellifera (NP_001162171.1), Ceratitis capitata (XP_004524337.1), Spodoptera litura (XP_022837384.1), Trichoplusia ni (XP_026735287.1), Bactrocera dorsalis (XP_011203163.1), Plutella xylostella (NP_001303599.1), Tribolium castaneum (NP_001034497.1), Anopheles gambiae (AAC31942.1), Sogatella furcifera (ATW63192.1),...”
- “...from Ostrinia furnacalis , and similarly, amino acid sequences of Ubx derived from Drosophila melanogaster (NP_536752), Plutella xylostella (NP_001303599), Bombyx mori (NP_001107632), Tribolium castaneum (NP_001034497), Apis mellifera (NP_001162171), and O. furnacalis were analyzed by Clustal Omega, which is a multiple sequence alignment program that uses seeded...”
- The Hox genes Ultrabithorax and abdominal-A specify three different types of abdominal appendage in the springtail Orchesella cincta (Collembola)
Konopova, EvoDevo 2014 - “...unless otherwise specified): springtails: EMBL:HG530310 (Oc, Orchesella cincta ), AAK51917 (Fc, Folsomia candida ); insects: NP_536752 (Dm, Drosophila melanogaster ), NP_001107632 (Bm, Bombyx mori ), NP_001034497 (Tc, Tribolium castaneum ), NP_001162171 (Am, Apis mellifera ), AEB15973 (Of, Oncopeltus fasciatus ); crustaceans: AAL67686 (Af, Artemia franciscana ),...”
- Duplicated Hox genes in the spider Cupiennius salei
Schwager, Frontiers in zoology 2007 - “...: ABD46724 . ABD46727 , ABD46728 ; Dm : CAA45272 , NP_477201 , NP_524248 , NP_536752 ; Pf : CAB75743 , CAB75746 ; Sm : ABD16212 , Ps : BAE97002 . More importantly, it becomes clear that at least three Hox genes in Cupiennius are present...”
- Rapid and efficient purification of Drosophila homeodomain transcription factors for biophysical characterization
Orlomoski, Protein expression and purification 2019 - “...(University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester MA) [ 26 ]. The HD domains of UBX (P83949, residues 387446), AbdA (P29555, residues 398457), and AbdB (P09087, residues 295354) were PCR amplified using KOD polymerase (Novagen), digested with Kpn I and Xba I, and ligated into the compatible...”
NP_001107762 labial from Tribolium castaneum
53% identity, 18% coverage
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...Sko_Hox7 AAP79287 Symsagittifera roscoffensis / Sro Acoelomorpha Sro_Hox1 AAN11404 Tribolium castaneum / Tca Arthropoda Tca_Hox1 NP_001107762 Tca_Hox3 AAK16424 Tca_Hox4 AAK16423 Tca_Hox5 AAK16422 Primer design and probe synthesis Acr-Hox gene-specific primer design was performed with the sequence assembling software Geneious 6.1.6 (Biomatters Limited) and primers were purchased...”
GSBN_DROME / P09083 Protein gooseberry-neuro; BSH4; Protein gooseberry proximal from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
NP_523862 gooseberry-neuro from Drosophila melanogaster
40% identity, 15% coverage
- function: Expressed in a segmentally repeating pattern to define the polarity of embryonic segments.
- Expression of the Lhx genes apterous and lim1 in an errant polychaete: implications for bilaterian appendage evolution, neural development, and muscle diversification
Winchell, EvoDevo 2013 - “...XP_001626470, XP_971202, NP_523907, NP_001004015, NP_001015899, CAA04012, AAV84105, XP_392622, NP_001139341, NP_001158443, XP_002592485, XP_001635417, AEN75257, NP_001014434, NP_001035099, NP_523862, ACN66454, AAV85467, ABD37012. Expression of Nar - ap At the hatchling stage, Nar - ap mRNAs are distributed widely in the head (Figure 2 A; compare with Figure 2 B)....”
- Differential and redundant functions of gooseberry and gooseberry neuro in the central nervous system and segmentation of the Drosophila embryo.
He, Developmental biology 2013 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: gsb and gsbn share overlapping functions in segmentation and the central nervous system.
- Formation and specification of a Drosophila dopaminergic precursor cell.
Watson, Development (Cambridge, England) 2012 - GeneRIF: Data show that the gooseberry/gooseberry-neuro (gsb/gsb-n) transcription factor genes act to specify MP3 cell fate.
- The highly conserved beta-hairpin of the paired DNA-binding domain is required for assembly of Pax-Ets ternary complexes
Wheat, Molecular and cellular biology 1999 - “...melanogaster Paired (P06601), Gooseberry proximal (Gsb-p; P09083), Gooseberry distal (Gsb-d; P09082), Sparkling (AF010256), Eyeless (X79492), Pox-meso (P23757),...”
NP_726486 Distal-less, isoform B from Drosophila melanogaster
42% identity, 21% coverage
- Cloning of Wing-Development-Related Genes and mRNA Expression Under Heat Stress in Chlorpyrifos-Resistant and -Susceptible Plutella xylostella
Chen, Scientific reports 2018 - “...(KPJ10995.1); Danaus plexippus (OWR43046.1); Papilio xuthus (KPI96576.1); Aedes aegypti (XP_021698712.1); Lucilia cuprina (KNC21963.1); Drosophila melanogaster (NP_726486.1); Ceratitis capitata (XP_012161414.1). Figure 5 The phylogenetic analysis of salm in DBM and other insects. Plutella xylostella (ALC76153.2); Danaus plexippus (OWR44146.1); Operophtera brumata (KOB70391.1); Bombyx mori (XP_012549950.1); Pieris rapae (XP_022112446.1);...”
- “...Vanessa cardui (AJS19035), P . rapae (XP_022120979), B . mori (XP_012551909) and D . melanogaster (NP_726486), respectively (Fig. S7 ). salm had given 83, 82, 82, 69 and 67 percent with O . brumata (KOB70391), D . plexippus (OWR44146), P . rapae (XP_022112446), B . mori...”
- Unexpected co-linearity of Hox gene expression in an aculiferan mollusk
Fritsch, BMC evolutionary biology 2015 - “...Dme Arthropoda Dme_Hox1 CAB57787 Dme_Hox2 CAA45271 Dme_Hox3 P09089 Dme_Hox4 P07548 Dme_Hox5 NP_524248 Dme_Hox7 CAA27417 Dme_Dll NP_726486 Euprymna scolopes / Esc Mollusca Esc_Hox1 AAL25804 Esc_Hox3 AAR16188 Esc_Hox5 AAR16189 Esc_Hox7 AAL25809 Esc_Post2 AAL25812 Flaccisagitta enflata / Fen Chaetognatha Fen_Hox1 ABS18809 Fen_Hox3 ABS18810 Fen_Hox4 ABS18811 Fen_Hox5 ABS18812 Gibbula varia...”
HXB2_HUMAN / P14652 Homeobox protein Hox-B2; Homeobox protein Hox-2.8; Homeobox protein Hox-2H; K8 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
NP_002136 homeobox protein Hox-B2 from Homo sapiens
47% identity, 17% coverage
- function: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.
subunit: Part of the nuclear protein complex gamma-globin promoter and enhancer binding factor (gamma-PE) composed at least by SATB1 and HOXB2. - Proteomic association with age-dependent sex differences in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in healthy Thai subjects
Chen, Scientific reports 2023 - “...41 P01008 SERPINC1 Antithrombin-III 4.40148 0.00418803 42 P36955 SERPINF1 Pigment epithelium-derived factor 4.6215 0.00424301 43 P14652 HOXB2 Homeobox protein Hox-B2 2.88034 0.00549476 44 P10412 H1-4 Histone H1.4 2.86669 0.00590983 45 O75427 LRCH4 Leucine-rich repeat and calponin homology domain-containing protein 4 4.00204 0.00614704 46 P05783 KRT18 Keratin,...”
- Integrated Bioinformatics for Radiation-Induced Pathway Analysis from Proteomics and Microarray Data.
Hu, Journal of proteomics & bioinformatics 2008 - The homeoprotein HOXB2 limits triple-negative breast carcinogenesis via extracellular matrix remodeling.
Oh, International journal of biological sciences 2024 - GeneRIF: The homeoprotein HOXB2 limits triple-negative breast carcinogenesis via extracellular matrix remodeling.
- Homeobox B2 promotes malignant behavior and contributes to the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating forkhead box protein O1.
Chen, International journal of medical sciences 2024 - GeneRIF: Homeobox B2 promotes malignant behavior and contributes to the radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating forkhead box protein O1.
- HOXB2 promotes cisplatin resistance by upregulating lncRNA DANCR in ovarian cancer.
Li, Journal of ovarian research 2024 - GeneRIF: HOXB2 promotes cisplatin resistance by upregulating lncRNA DANCR in ovarian cancer.
- High expression of homeobox B2 predicts poor survival of colon adenocarcinoma by enhancing tumor proliferation and invasion.
Li, Irish journal of medical science 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: High expression of homeobox B2 predicts poor survival of colon adenocarcinoma by enhancing tumor proliferation and invasion.
- miR‑139‑5p enhances cisplatin sensitivity in non‑small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis via the targeting of Homeobox protein Hox‑B2.
Du, Molecular medicine reports 2021 - GeneRIF: miR1395p enhances cisplatin sensitivity in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis via the targeting of Homeobox protein HoxB2.
- HOXB-AS1 accelerates the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma via modulation of HOBX2 and HOBX3 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.
Bi, Journal of cellular physiology 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: HOXB-AS1 accelerates the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma via modulation of HOBX2 and HOBX3 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.
- Estrogen suppresses HOXB2 expression via ERα in breast cancer cells.
Kumar, Gene 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Estrogen suppresses HOXB2 expression via ERalpha in breast cancer cells.
- Epigenetic induction of tumor stemness via the lipopolysaccharide-TET3-HOXB2 signaling axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Xu, Cell communication and signaling : CCS 2020 - GeneRIF: Epigenetic induction of tumor stemness via the lipopolysaccharide-TET3-HOXB2 signaling axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
- More
NOT2_XENLA / Q91770 Homeobox protein not2; Xnot-2; Xnot2 from Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) (see 3 papers)
51% identity, 24% coverage
- function: Transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Plays a fundamental role in notochord formation, acting within the mesodermal region. Acts downstream of gsc and upstream of chrd and foxa4- A/pintallavis.
NP_074043 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Rattus norvegicus
P52947 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Rattus norvegicus
55% identity, 21% coverage
- PIMT Controls Insulin Synthesis and Secretion through PDX1.
Sharma, International journal of molecular sciences 2023 - GeneRIF: PIMT Controls Insulin Synthesis and Secretion through PDX1.
- Saturated fatty acids entrap PDX1 in stress granules and impede islet beta cell function.
Zhang, Diabetologia 2021 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Saturated fatty acids entrap PDX1 in stress granules and impede islet beta cell function.
- Tectorigenin enhances PDX1 expression and protects pancreatic β-cells by activating ERK and reducing ER stress.
Yao, The Journal of biological chemistry 2020 - GeneRIF: Tectorigenin enhances PDX1 expression and protects pancreatic beta-cells by activating ERK and reducing ER stress.
- Liraglutide protects against glucolipotoxicity-induced RIN-m5F β-cell apoptosis through restoration of PDX1 expression.
Kornelius, Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2019 - GeneRIF: GLP-1 analogue liraglutide restores the expression of PDX1 by inactivating Mst1.
- Potential of stem cell-derived exosomes to regenerate β islets through Pdx-1 dependent mechanism in a rat model of type 1 diabetes.
Mahdipour, Journal of cellular physiology 2019 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: that exosomes induce the islet regeneration through pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 pathway
- Hypericin maintians PDX1 expression via the Erk pathway and protects islet β-cells against glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity.
Liang, International journal of biological sciences 2019 - GeneRIF: PDX1 expression is maintained via the Erk pathway and protects islet beta-cells against glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity
- The Synergy of Two Factors on Insulin Expression.
Luo, Cellular reprogramming 2018 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Explored whether and how the two factors pdx-1 and myocardin affected the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into insulin-producing cells. In this study, we investigated the process of transfecting myocardin and/or pdx-1 in MSCs in vitro. The results showed that MSCs were able to secrete insulin after cotransfection with myocardin and pdx-1.
- A Pdx-1-Regulated Soluble Factor Activates Rat and Human Islet Cell Proliferation.
Hayes, Molecular and cellular biology 2016 - GeneRIF: Results found that Pdx-1 overexpression exerts its effects on islet cell replication via a noncell-autonomous mechanism involving induction of a secreted soluble factor or factors. Also, Inhbb is identified as one factor mediating the proliferative effect of Pdx-1.
- More
- Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1.
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...are denoted with a colon. UniProt accession numbers for aligned sequences are P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and zygosity. For instance,...”
P70118 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Mesocricetus auratus
55% identity, 21% coverage
- Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1.
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...denoted with a colon. UniProt accession numbers for aligned sequences are P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and zygosity. For instance, a...”
NP_996173 antennapedia, isoform G from Drosophila melanogaster
47% identity, 19% coverage
- Antennapedia: The complexity of a master developmental transcription factor.
Rosales-Vega, Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Antennapedia: The complexity of a master developmental transcription factor.
- Novel Antennapedia and Ultrabithorax trimeric complexes with TBP and Exd regulate transcription.
Villarreal-Puente, Hereditas 2024 - GeneRIF: Novel Antennapedia and Ultrabithorax trimeric complexes with TBP and Exd regulate transcription.
- Trimeric complexes of Antp-TBP with TFIIEβ or Exd modulate transcriptional activity.
Jiménez-Mejía, Hereditas 2022 - GeneRIF: Trimeric complexes of Antp-TBP with TFIIEbeta or Exd modulate transcriptional activity.
- Hox dosage contributes to flight appendage morphology in Drosophila.
Paul, Nature communications 2021 - GeneRIF: Hox dosage contributes to flight appendage morphology in Drosophila.
- Transcription factor TFIIEβ interacts with two exposed positions in helix 2 of the Antennapedia homeodomain to control homeotic function in Drosophila.
Altamirano-Torres, PloS one 2018 - GeneRIF: interaction of Antp with TFIIEbeta is important for the functional specificity of Antennapedia, and amino acids 32 and 36 in Antp HD helix 2 are key for this interaction
- An Organizational Hub of Developmentally Regulated Chromatin Loops in the Drosophila Antennapedia Complex.
Li, Molecular and cellular biology 2015 - GeneRIF: The Scr promoter interacts with distinct elements in the ftz-Antp interval.
- Dual role for Hox genes and Hox co-factors in conferring leg motoneuron survival and identity in Drosophila.
Baek, Development (Cambridge, England) 2013 - GeneRIF: High levels of Antp promote the identity of motoneurons that target the distal regions of the femur and tibia.
- Functional synthetic Antennapedia genes and the dual roles of YPWM motif and linker size in transcriptional activation and repression.
Papadopoulos, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 - GeneRIF: Functional synthetic Antennapedia genes and the YPWM motif play dual roles in transcriptional activation and repression.
- More
XP_027829696 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Ovis aries
55% identity, 21% coverage
- CRISPR/Cas9 microinjection in oocytes disables pancreas development in sheep.
Vilarino, Scientific reports 2017 - GeneRIF: PDX1 disruption in sheep leads to compromised pancreas development. The CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in an efficient method for knockout generation in one step. Injecting MII oocytes reduced lysis after microinjection and improved development compared to zygote microinjection. In addition, bi-allelic mutation rates were improved. Dual sgRNA injection strategy resulted in an efficient method for gene disruption in sheep.
A1YG85 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Pan paniscus
55% identity, 21% coverage
- Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1.
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...chain size/chemistry are denoted with a colon. UniProt accession numbers for aligned sequences are P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and zygosity....”
NP_996219 ultrabithorax, isoform F from Drosophila melanogaster
49% identity, 16% coverage
HMX_CAEEL / Q18533 Homeobox protein mls-2; Mesodermal lineage specification protein 2 from Caenorhabditis elegans (see 6 papers)
NP_508815 Homeobox protein mls-2 from Caenorhabditis elegans
47% identity, 17% coverage
- function: Transcription factor that binds to the promoter of target genes (PubMed:20150279). Regulates fate specification and/or differentiation of multiple cell types arising from the embryonic mesodermal (M) lineage and the ABp(l/r)paa precursors (PubMed:16107479, PubMed:20150279). In the postembryonic M lineage, regulates cleavage orientation, cell proliferation and cell fate specification (PubMed:16107479). Regulates hlh-1 expression to specify coelomocyte fate in the mesodermal (M) lineage (PubMed:16107479). In AWC neurons, initiates expression of ceh-36, leading to the expression of terminal differentiation genes (PubMed:20150279). Regulates ventral cephalic sheath (CEPsh) glia differentiation and expression of transcription factor hlh-17 in CEPsh glia (PubMed:18508862). Promotes terminal differentiation and morphogenesis of the epithelial duct and pore cells (PubMed:22537498). In the duct cell, cooperates with the EGF-Ras-ERK pathway in turning on the terminal differentiation gene lin-48 (PubMed:22537498).
- Synergistic roles of homeodomain proteins UNC-62 homothorax and MLS-2 HMX/NKX in the specification of olfactory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Hsieh, Genetics 2021 - GeneRIF: Synergistic roles of homeodomain proteins UNC-62 homothorax and MLS-2 HMX/NKX in the specification of olfactory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans.
- The Nkx5/HMX homeodomain protein MLS-2 is required for proper tube cell shape in the C. elegans excretory system.
Abdus-Saboor, Developmental biology 2012 - GeneRIF: MLS-2 is a regulator of cell shape in the duct cell during morphogenesis
- The HMX/NKX homeodomain protein MLS-2 specifies the identity of the AWC sensory neuron type via regulation of the ceh-36 Otx gene in C. elegans.
Kim, Development (Cambridge, England) 2010 - GeneRIF: MLS-2 specifies the identity of the AWC sensory neuron type via regulation of the ceh-36 Otx gene.
- mls-2 and vab-3 Control glia development, hlh-17/Olig expression and glia-dependent neurite extension in C. elegans.
Yoshimura, Development (Cambridge, England) 2008 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: demonstrate ventral- and dorsal-restricted roles for the mls-2/Nkx/Hmx and vab-3/Pax6/Pax7 genes, respectively, in CEPsh glia differentiation and expression of the genes hlh-17/Olig and ptr-10/Patched-related
- The HMX homeodomain protein MLS-2 regulates cleavage orientation, cell proliferation and cell fate specification in the C. elegans postembryonic mesoderm.
Jiang, Development (Cambridge, England) 2005 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: The HMX homeodomain protein MLS-2 regulates cleavage orientation, cell proliferation and cell fate specification in the C. elegans postembryonic mesoderm.
- Mesodermal expression of the C. elegans HMX homolog mls-2 requires the PBC homolog CEH-20.
Jiang, Mechanisms of development - GeneRIF: mls-2 might be a direct target of CEH-20 in the M lineage and the regulation of CEH-20 on mls-2 is likely Hox-independent
PDX1_HUMAN / P52945 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1; PDX-1; Glucose-sensitive factor; GSF; Insulin promoter factor 1; IPF-1; Insulin upstream factor 1; IUF-1; Islet/duodenum homeobox-1; IDX-1; Somatostatin-transactivating factor 1; STF-1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 5 papers)
NP_000200 pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 from Homo sapiens
55% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Activates insulin, somatostatin, glucokinase, islet amyloid polypeptide and glucose transporter type 2 gene transcription. Particularly involved in glucose-dependent regulation of insulin gene transcription. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element. Binds preferentially the DNA motif 5'-[CT]TAAT[TG]-3'. During development, specifies the early pancreatic epithelium, permitting its proliferation, branching and subsequent differentiation. At adult stage, required for maintaining the hormone-producing phenotype of the beta-cell
subunit: Interacts with the basic helix-loop-helix domains of TCF3(E47) and NEUROD1 and with HMG-I(Y). Interacts with SPOP (By similarity). Interacts with the methyltransferase SETD7. Part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex. - Repression of latent NF-κB enhancers by PDX1 regulates β cell functional heterogeneity.
Weidemann, Cell metabolism 2024 - GeneRIF: Repression of latent NF-kappaB enhancers by PDX1 regulates beta cell functional heterogeneity.
- RFX6 regulates human intestinal patterning and function upstream of PDX1.
Sanchez, Development (Cambridge, England) 2024 - GeneRIF: RFX6 regulates human intestinal patterning and function upstream of PDX1.
- [Characteristics of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and the PDX-1 transcription factor expression].
Gurevich, Arkhiv patologii 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: [Characteristics of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and the PDX-1 transcription factor expression].
- miR-765 targeting PDX1 impairs pancreatic β-cell function to induce type 2 diabetes.
Zheng, Archives of physiology and biochemistry 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: miR-765 targeting PDX1 impairs pancreatic beta-cell function to induce type 2 diabetes.
- Novel pathogenic PDX1 gene variant in a Korean family with maturity-onset diabetes of the young.
Kim, Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studies 2023 - GeneRIF: Novel pathogenic PDX1 gene variant in a Korean family with maturity-onset diabetes of the young.
- Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Lee, Experimental & molecular medicine 2022 - GeneRIF: Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
- Knockdown of PDX1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs partly via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Liu, Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research 2022 - GeneRIF: Knockdown of PDX1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs partly via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
- TAZ promotes PDX1-mediated insulinogenesis.
Jeong, Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS 2022 - GeneRIF: TAZ promotes PDX1-mediated insulinogenesis.
- More
- Biophysical insights into glucose-dependent transcriptional regulation by PDX1
Usher, The Journal of biological chemistry 2022 - “...represent 20%, alanines comprise 14%, and glycine and glutamate each represent about 8% (UniProt # P52945 ). Proline, glycine, and charged and polar amino acids are generally considered disorder promoting; in contrast, hydrophobic residues tend to be associated with folded protein structures ( 59 ). Alanine,...”
- “...side chain size/chemistry are denoted with a colon. UniProt accession numbers for aligned sequences are P52945, A1YG85, P52946, P52947, P70118, G1PGD4, A0A2Y9N5X8, A0A2U4BGP7, A0A1S3NIB4, F1RBA3, A0A6P3VHE4, A0A6I9WXG3, A0A6J1UKB3, A0A6J3EP98, A0A6J0HJ37, P14837, and A0A6P8RAF6. Phenotypic severity associated with PDX1 mutation usually depends on the mutation type and...”
- A Comprehensive Survey of the Roles of Highly Disordered Proteins in Type 2 Diabetes
Du, International journal of molecular sciences 2017 - “...(see also Table S1 ). 2.4. Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox 1 Protein, PDX1 (UniProt ID: P52945, PONDR FIT: 60.4%) 2.4.1. Domain Structure of the PDX1 Protein PDX1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1) is known as a transcription factor that regulates pancreas development and -cell differentiation. It...”
- “...IRS4: UniProt ID: O14654; CDRFIT: 64.4%); pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein (PDX1, UniProt ID: P52945, CDRFIT: 60.4%); phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunits 2 and 5 (PIK3R2: UniProt ID:O00459; CDRFIT: 34.1%) and PIK3R5 (UniProt ID: Q8WYR1; CDRFIT: 36.7%); suppressors of cytokine signaling SoCS1 and SoCS3 (SoCS1: UniProt...”
- Systems Pharmacological Approach to the Effect of Bulsu-san Promoting Parturition.
Suh, Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 2017 - “...PCYT1A Q14432 CGMP-inhibited 3,5-cyclic phosphodiesterase A PDE3A O00330 Pyruvate dehydrogenase protein X component, mitochondrial PDHX P52945 Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 PDX1 P06401 Progesterone receptor PGR P48736 Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit, gamma isoform PIK3CG P11309 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 PIM1 P61925 cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha PKIA...”
- Proteomic Characterization of Annexin l (ANX1) and Heat Shock Protein 27 (HSP27) as Biomarkers for Invasive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.
Wang, PloS one 2015 - “...113(60%) Nucleus/ cytoplasm Modulate the cell proliferation and nucleotide metabolism c, d 28 ND 29 P52945 Insulin activator factor 83.906/5.6 69(20%) Nucleus Activate insulin g 30 ND 31 P60174 Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) 26.807/6.51 150(76%) Cytoplasm Metabolic enzyme (Glycolysis) g 32 P25786 Proteasome (macropain), -type 1 29.864/6.15...”
P31264 Homeotic protein proboscipedia from Drosophila melanogaster
47% identity, 8% coverage
- Genesis and evolution of the Evx and Mox genes and the extended Hox and ParaHox gene clusters
Minguillón, Genome biology 2003 - “...amphioxus Hox1 (AmphiHox1, BAA78620); amphioxus Hox2 (AmphiHox2, BAA78621); Drosophila labial (lab, P10105); Drosophila proboscipedia (pb, P31264); Drosophila zerknllt (zen, AAF54087); mouse Pdx1 (mPdx1, P52946); amphioxus Xlox (AmphiXlox, AAC 39016); mouse Hoxa3 (mHoxa3, P02831); amphioxus Hox3 (AmphiHox3, CAA48180); mouse Hoxa4 (mHoxa4, P06798); mouse Hoxa5 (mHoxa5, P20719); mouse...”
BARH2_DROME / Q24256 Homeobox protein B-H2; Homeobox protein BarH2 from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see 4 papers)
39% identity, 12% coverage
- function: B-H1 and B-H2 are regulated by members of the wg signaling pathway; wg and dpp. B-H1 and B-H2 are coexpressed and functionally required in R1 and R6 receptor cells and primary pigment cells for normal eye development. Coexpression is also required for the fate determination of external sensory organs, formation of notal microchaetae, formation of presutural macrochaetae, antennal development and for distal leg morphogenesis; segmentation and specification of tarsal segments 3-5.
HMX_DROME / Q9VEI9 Homeobox protein Hmx; DHmx from Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (see paper)
NP_732244 H6-like-homeobox, isoform C from Drosophila melanogaster
44% identity, 10% coverage
- function: Transcription factor involved in specification of neuronal cell types.
- Smed454 dataset: unravelling the transcriptome of Schmidtea mediterranea
Abril, BMC genomics 2010 - “...CAD89530 1,00E-74 F6AJIXP02IV6Y0 gsx family homeobox protein [Schistosoma mansoni] XP_002574396 3,00E-12 90_24312 H6-like-homeobox [Drosophila melanogaster] NP_732244 2,00E-15 90_8293 homeobox protein distal-less dlx [Schistosoma mansoni] XP_002574393 4,00E-07 F6AJIXP02JJ1QK Homeobox protein DTH-2 [Girardia tigrina] Q00401 3,00E-40 90_8753 homeobox prox 1 [Danio rerio] NP_956564 5,00E-19 90_12057 homeodomain protein Tlx...”
XP_022192571 homeobox protein Nkx-2.4 from Nilaparvata lugens
38% identity, 24% coverage
MSX1_HUMAN / P28360 Homeobox protein MSX-1; Homeobox protein Hox-7; Msh homeobox 1-like protein from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 5 papers)
NP_002439 homeobox protein MSX-1 from Homo sapiens
43% identity, 21% coverage
- function: Acts as a transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Capable of transcription autoinactivation (By similarity). Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-C/GTAAT-3' in downstream activin regulatory elements (DARE) in the gene promoter, thereby repressing the transcription of CGA/alpha-GSU and GNRHR (By similarity). Represses transcription of myoblast differentiation factors (By similarity). Binds to core enhancer regions in target gene promoters of myoblast differentiation factors with binding specificity facilitated by interaction with PIAS1 (By similarity). Regulates, in a stage-specific manner, a developmental program of gene expression in the fetal tooth bud that controls odontoblast differentiation and proliferation of dental mesenchymal cells (By similarity). At the bud stage, required for mesenchymal molar tooth bud development via facilitating reciprocal signaling between dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells (By similarity). May also regulate expression of Wnt antagonists such as DKK2 and SFPR2 in the developing tooth mesenchyme (By similarity). Required for BMP4 expression in dental mesenchyme cells (By similarity). Also, in response to BMP4, required for BMP4 expression in neighboring dental epithelial cells (By similarity). Required for maximal FGF4-induced expression of SDC1 in dental mesenchyme cells (By similarity). Also in response to SDC1, required for SDC1 expression in neighboring dental epithelial cells (By similarity). At the early bell stage, acts to drive proliferation of dental mesenchyme cells, however during the late bell stage acts as an homeostatic regulator of the cell cycle (By similarity). Regulates proliferation and inhibits premature mesenchymal odontogenesis during the bell stage via inhibition of the Wnt signaling component CTNNB1 and subsequent repression of the odontoblast differentiation factors BMP2, BMP4, LEF1, ALPL and BGLAP/OCN (By similarity). Additionally, required for correct development and fusion of the palatal shelves and embryonic mandibular formation (By similarity). Plays a role in embryonic bone formation of the middle ear, skull and nasal bones (By similarity). Required for correct formation and thickness of the nail plate (By similarity). May play a role in limb-pattern formation (By similarity).
subunit: Interacts with CREBBP/CBP, TBP and SP1; interaction with these transcription activators may inhibit autoinactivation (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with PIAS1 (via N-terminus); the interaction is required for the localization of both proteins to the nuclear periphery and specific binding of MSX1 to the core enhancer region in target gene promoters (PubMed:16600910). Interacts with H1-5 (By similarity). - Characterization of novel MSX1 variants causally associated with non-syndromic oligodontia in Chinese families.
Zhao, Molecular genetics & genomic medicine 2024 - GeneRIF: Characterization of novel MSX1 variants causally associated with non-syndromic oligodontia in Chinese families.
- Intrahepatic homeobox protein MSX-1 is a novel host restriction factor of hepatitis B virus.
Shen, Journal of virology 2024 - GeneRIF: Intrahepatic homeobox protein MSX-1 is a novel host restriction factor of hepatitis B virus.
- Orodental malformations associated with human MSX1 sequence variants.
Wang, Journal of the American Dental Association (1939) 2024 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: Orodental malformations associated with human MSX1 sequence variants.
- MSX1 involved selective tooth agenesis and abnormal labial frenum, pedigree, and retrospective study.
Zhu, Oral diseases 2023 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: MSX1 involved selective tooth agenesis and abnormal labial frenum, pedigree, and retrospective study.
- MSX1-expression during the different phases in healthy human endometrium.
Eppich, Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 2023 - GeneRIF: MSX1-expression during the different phases in healthy human endometrium.
- Family and case-control genetic study of MSX1 polymorphisms in peg-shaped teeth Jordanian population.
Alkhatib, BMC oral health 2022 - GeneRIF: Family and case-control genetic study of MSX1 polymorphisms in peg-shaped teeth Jordanian population.
- Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
Lee, Experimental & molecular medicine 2022 - GeneRIF: Hypermethylation of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1 predicts the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
- LINC01021 maintains tumorigenicity by enhancing N6-methyladenosine reader IMP2 dependent stabilization of MSX1 and JARID2: implication in colorectal cancer.
Wu, Oncogene 2022 (PubMed)- GeneRIF: LINC01021 maintains tumorigenicity by enhancing N6-methyladenosine reader IMP2 dependent stabilization of MSX1 and JARID2: implication in colorectal cancer.
- More
- miR-373 promotes invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via activating ERK/MAPK pathway
Chen, Scientific reports 2024 - “...change. Accession FC R P value Accession FC R P value Q9BTV4 1.412143144 UP 2.38652E-06 P28360 0.750072908 DOWN 2.34629E-05 P80188 1.349647612 UP 3.29035E-06 P11169 0.782828283 DOWN 2.38279E-05 Q8NDM7 1.347945205 UP 1.51136E-05 P47929 0.80342651 DOWN 0.000158276 Q9Y2Y6 1.661934339 UP 2.82104E-05 Q14533 0.788375559 DOWN 0.004104687 Q96L50 1.572898799 UP...”
- In-silico discovery of common molecular signatures for which SARS-CoV-2 infections and lung diseases stimulate each other, and drug repurposing
Alamin, PloS one 2024 - “...IRF9, MSX1, MX2) were obtained from AlphaFold source using Uniprot IDs P49715, P02778, Q92985, Q00978, P28360, P20592. Then molecular docking analyses were performed between m = 17 drug target proteins and n = 184 drug agents to obtain the binding affinity score (kcal/mol) for each target...”
- Advances in tooth agenesis and tooth regeneration.
Ravi, Regenerative therapy 2023 - “...change might disturb the interaction between the binding domains and could affect protein function. MSX1 P28360 rs121913129 14879 Pathogenic R202P The residue is located in a DNA binding region and will affect the function of the protein MSX1 P28360 rs104893850 14881 Pathogenic Q193 X Truncated and...”
- “...which can cause the repulsion of ligands or other residues with the same charge. MSX1 P28360 rs1553877821 14887 Pathogenic Gly28fs NA MSX1 P28360 rs515726227 127273 Pathogenic NA NA WNT10A Q9GZT5 NA 36972 Germline & Pathogenic G95K Deleterious [ 92 ] WNT10B O00744 rs766021478 253058 Pathogenic W262...”
- Expression of Neural Crest Markers GLDC and ERRFI1 is Correlated with Melanoma Prognosis.
Jäger, Cancers 2019 - “...expressions. Symbol Primer Sequence Accession Number 18S F: GAGGATGAGGTGGAACGTGT X03205.1 R: TCTTCAGTCGCTCCAGGTCT MSX1 F: TCCTCAAGCTGCCAGAAGAT P28360 F: TACTGCTTCTGGCGGAACTT TNFRSF12A F: CTGGCTCCAGAACAGAAAGG Q9NP84 R: GGGCCTAGTGTCAAGTCTGC GLDC F: GGACCGGCCTTATTCCAGAG P23378 R: TCATCAATCCGGGCAATCGT ERRFI F: TCTAGGCCTCTTCCACCGTT Q9UJM3 ERRFI R: CGCCTGCCAGGAACATCATA IGFBP2 F: CCTCAAGTCGGGTATGAAGG P18065 IGFBP2 R: ACCTGGTCCAGTTCCTGTTG PTPRF F:...”
- MSX1 mutations and associated disease phenotypes: genotype-phenotype relations.
Liang, European journal of human genetics : EJHG 2016 - Novel application of multi-stimuli network inference to synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Kupfer, BMC medical genomics 2014 - “...GC15P067358_at SMAD3 4088 SMAD family member 3 P84022 TF GC04P004925_at MSX1 4487 msh homeobox 1 P28360 TF GC12P104783_at CHST11 50515 Carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 11 Q9NPF2 - GC09P132427_at PRRX2 51450 Paired related homeobox 2 Q99811 TF GC12M028011_at PTHLH 5744 Parathyroid hormone-like hormone P12272 SF GC11M065421_at RELA...”
For advice on how to use these tools together, see
Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.
The PaperBLAST database links 798,070 different protein sequences to 1,261,478 scientific articles. Searches against EuropePMC were last performed on May 12 2025.
PaperBLAST builds a database of protein sequences that are linked
to scientific articles. These links come from automated text searches
against the articles in EuropePMC
and from manually-curated information from GeneRIF, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot,
BRENDA,
CAZy (as made available by dbCAN),
BioLiP,
CharProtDB,
MetaCyc,
EcoCyc,
TCDB,
REBASE,
the Fitness Browser,
and a subset of the European Nucleotide Archive with the /experiment tag.
Given this database and a protein sequence query,
PaperBLAST uses protein-protein BLAST
to find similar sequences with E < 0.001.
To build the database, we query EuropePMC with locus tags, with RefSeq protein
identifiers, and with UniProt
accessions. We obtain the locus tags from RefSeq or from MicrobesOnline. We use
queries of the form "locus_tag AND genus_name" to try to ensure that
the paper is actually discussing that gene. Because EuropePMC indexes
most recent biomedical papers, even if they are not open access, some
of the links may be to papers that you cannot read or that our
computers cannot read. We query each of these identifiers that
appears in the open access part of EuropePMC, as well as every locus
tag that appears in the 500 most-referenced genomes, so that a gene
may appear in the PaperBLAST results even though none of the papers
that mention it are open access. We also incorporate text-mined links
from EuropePMC that link open access articles to UniProt or RefSeq
identifiers. (This yields some additional links because EuropePMC
uses different heuristics for their text mining than we do.)
For every article that mentions a locus tag, a RefSeq protein
identifier, or a UniProt accession, we try to select one or two
snippets of text that refer to the protein. If we cannot get access to
the full text, we try to select a snippet from the abstract, but
unfortunately, unique identifiers such as locus tags are rarely
provided in abstracts.
PaperBLAST also incorporates manually-curated protein functions:
- Proteins from NCBI's RefSeq are included if a
GeneRIF
entry links the gene to an article in
PubMed®.
GeneRIF also provides a short summary of the article's claim about the
protein, which is shown instead of a snippet.
- Proteins from Swiss-Prot (the curated part of UniProt)
are included if the curators
identified experimental evidence for the protein's function (evidence
code ECO:0000269). For these proteins, the fields of the Swiss-Prot entry that
describe the protein's function are shown (with bold headings).
- Proteins from BRENDA,
a curated database of enzymes, are included if they are linked to a paper in PubMed
and their full sequence is known.
- Every protein from the non-redundant subset of
BioLiP,
a database
of ligand-binding sites and catalytic residues in protein structures, is included. Since BioLiP itself
does not include descriptions of the proteins, those are taken from the
Protein Data Bank.
Descriptions from PDB rely on the original submitter of the
structure and cannot be updated by others, so they may be less reliable.
(For SitesBLAST and Sites on a Tree, we use a larger subset of BioLiP so that every
ligand is represented among a group of structures with similar sequences, but for
PaperBLAST, we use the non-redundant set provided by BioLiP.)
- Every protein from EcoCyc, a curated
database of the proteins in Escherichia coli K-12, is included, regardless
of whether they are characterized or not.
- Proteins from the MetaCyc metabolic pathway database
are included if they are linked to a paper in PubMed and their full sequence is known.
- Proteins from the Transport Classification Database (TCDB)
are included if they have known substrate(s), have reference(s),
and are not described as uncharacterized or putative.
(Some of the references are not visible on the PaperBLAST web site.)
- Every protein from CharProtDB,
a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations, is included.
- Proteins from the CAZy database of carbohydrate-active enzymes
are included if they are associated with an Enzyme Classification number.
Even though CAZy does not provide links from individual protein sequences to papers,
these should all be experimentally-characterized proteins.
- Proteins from the REBASE database
of restriction enzymes are included if they have known specificity.
- Every protein with an evidence-based reannotation (based on mutant phenotypes)
in the Fitness Browser is included.
- Sequence-specific transcription factors (including sigma factors and DNA-binding response regulators)
with experimentally-determined DNA binding sites from the
PRODORIC database of gene regulation in prokaryotes.
- Putative transcription factors from RegPrecise
that have manually-curated predictions for their binding sites. These predictions are based on
conserved putative regulatory sites across genomes that contain similar transcription factors,
so PaperBLAST clusters the TFs at 70% identity and retains just one member of each cluster.
- Coding sequence (CDS) features from the
European Nucleotide Archive (ENA)
are included if the /experiment tag is set (implying that there is experimental evidence for the annotation),
the nucleotide entry links to paper(s) in PubMed,
and the nucleotide entry is from the STD data class
(implying that these are targeted annotated sequences, not from shotgun sequencing).
Also, to filter out genes whose transcription or translation was detected, but whose function
was not studied, nucleotide entries or papers with more than 25 such proteins are excluded.
Descriptions from ENA rely on the original submitter of the
sequence and cannot be updated by others, so they may be less reliable.
Except for GeneRIF and ENA,
the curated entries include a short curated
description of the protein's function.
For entries from BioLiP, the protein's function may not be known beyond binding to the ligand.
Many of these entries also link to articles in PubMed.
For more information see the
PaperBLAST paper (mSystems 2017)
or the code.
You can download PaperBLAST's database here.
Changes to PaperBLAST since the paper was written:
- November 2023: incorporated PRODORIC and RegPrecise. Many PRODORIC entries were not linked to a protein sequence (no UniProt identifier), so we added this information.
- February 2023: BioLiP changed their download format. PaperBLAST now includes their non-redundant subset. SitesBLAST and Sites on a Tree use a larger non-redundant subset that ensures that every ligand is represented within each cluster. This should ensure that every binding site is represented.
- June 2022: incorporated some coding sequences from ENA with the /experiment tag.
- March 2022: incorporated BioLiP.
- April 2020: incorporated TCDB.
- April 2019: EuropePMC now returns table entries in their search results. This has expanded PaperBLAST's database, but most of the new entries are of low relevance, and the resulting snippets are often just lists of locus tags with annotations.
- February 2018: the alignment page reports the conservation of the hit's functional sites (if available from from Swiss-Prot or UniProt)
- January 2018: incorporated BRENDA.
- December 2017: incorporated MetaCyc, CharProtDB, CAZy, REBASE, and the reannotations from the Fitness Browser.
- September 2017: EuropePMC no longer returns some table entries in their search results. This has shrunk PaperBLAST's database, but has also reduced the number of low-relevance hits.
Many of these changes are described in Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.
PaperBLAST cannot provide snippets for many of the papers that are
published in non-open-access journals. This limitation applies even if
the paper is marked as "free" on the publisher's web site and is
available in PubmedCentral or EuropePMC. If a journal that you publish
in is marked as "secret," please consider publishing elsewhere.
Many important articles are missing from PaperBLAST, either because
the article's full text is not in EuropePMC (as for many older
articles), or because the paper does not mention a protein identifier such as a locus tag, or because of PaperBLAST's heuristics. If you notice an
article that characterizes a protein's function but is missing from
PaperBLAST, please notify the curators at UniProt
or add an entry to GeneRIF.
Entries in either of these databases will eventually be incorporated
into PaperBLAST. Note that to add an entry to UniProt, you will need
to find the UniProt identifier for the protein. If the protein is not
already in UniProt, you can ask them to create an entry. To add an
entry to GeneRIF, you will need an NCBI Gene identifier, but
unfortunately many prokaryotic proteins in RefSeq do not have
corresponding Gene identifers.
References
PaperBLAST: Text-mining papers for information about homologs.
M. N. Price and A. P. Arkin (2017). mSystems, 10.1128/mSystems.00039-17.
Europe PMC in 2017.
M. Levchenko et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx1005.
Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.
J. A. Mitchell et al (2003). AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003:460-464.
UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
The UniProt Consortium (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1099.
BRENDA in 2017: new perspectives and new tools in BRENDA.
S. Placzek et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw952.
The EcoCyc database: reflecting new knowledge about Escherichia coli K-12.
I. M. Keeseler et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1003.
The MetaCyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.
R. Caspi et al (2018). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx935.
CharProtDB: a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations.
R. Madupu et al (2012). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkr1133.
The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013.
V. Lombard et al (2014). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkt1178.
The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances
M. H. Saier, Jr. et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkv1103.
REBASE - a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes.
R. J. Roberts et al (2015). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gku1046.
Deep annotation of protein function across diverse bacteria from mutant phenotypes.
M. N. Price et al (2016). bioRxiv, 10.1101/072470.
by Morgan Price,
Arkin group
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory