PaperBLAST – Find papers about a protein or its homologs

 

PaperBLAST

PaperBLAST Hits for 74 a.a. (KRNRIPLGCT...)

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Find functional residues: SitesBLAST

Search for conserved domains

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Predict transmenbrane helices: Phobius

Predict protein localization: PSORTb

Find homologs in fast.genomics

Fitness BLAST: loading...

Found 101 similar proteins in the literature:

HAP1_YEASX / P0CS82 Heme-responsive zinc finger transcription factor HAP1; CYP1 activatory protein; Heme activator protein 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) (see 6 papers)
99% identity, 5% coverage

HAP1_YEAST / P0CE41 Heme-responsive zinc finger transcription factor HAP1; CYP1 activatory protein; Heme activator protein 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see paper)
NP_013357 Hap1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C
YLR256W Hap1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
99% identity, 5% coverage

2hapC / P0CS82 Structure of a hap1-18/DNA complex reveals that protein/DNA interactions can have direct allosteric effects on transcriptional activation (see paper)
99% identity, 97% coverage

MAR1_CANGA / Q6FXJ5 Transcription factor MAR1; Multiple azole resistance protein 1 from Candida glabrata (strain ATCC 2001 / BCRC 20586 / JCM 3761 / NBRC 0622 / NRRL Y-65 / CBS 138) (Yeast) (Nakaseomyces glabratus) (see paper)
78% identity, 5% coverage

PGUG_03333 uncharacterized protein from Meyerozyma guilliermondii ATCC 6260
52% identity, 5% coverage

CTRG_02696 predicted protein from Candida tropicalis MYA-3404
33% identity, 7% coverage

FGSG_01293 hypothetical protein from Fusarium graminearum PH-1
45% identity, 8% coverage

rosA repressor of sexual development from Emericella nidulans (see paper)
34% identity, 10% coverage

RHTO_05847 Zn(2)-C6 fungal-type transcription factor from Rhodotorula toruloides NP11
35% identity, 7% coverage

CPAR2_501570 uncharacterized protein from Candida parapsilosis
38% identity, 6% coverage

CLUG_00542 Fungal Zn(2)-Cys(6) binuclear cluster domain family protein from Clavispora lusitaniae
52% identity, 3% coverage

SS1G_14383 hypothetical protein from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980 UF-70
41% identity, 12% coverage

SS1G_12532 hypothetical protein from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980 UF-70
28% identity, 6% coverage

SPBC530.05 transcription factor (predicted) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
32% identity, 10% coverage

YN25_SCHPO / O59741 Uncharacterized transcriptional regulatory protein C530.05 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) (Fission yeast) (see paper)
32% identity, 10% coverage

FOIG_05174 uncharacterized protein from Fusarium odoratissimum NRRL 54006
27% identity, 6% coverage

FOXG_09390 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
27% identity, 6% coverage

NCU06407 zinc finger transcription factor 1 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
27% identity, 6% coverage

NCU02307 hypothetical protein from Neurospora crassa OR74A
39% identity, 8% coverage

PEX2_030910 Transcription factor, fungi from Penicillium expansum
36% identity, 13% coverage

Afu8g02640 C6 transcription factor, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
51% identity, 6% coverage

AFUA_2G17860 C6 transcription factor, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
50% identity, 6% coverage

FDB3_GIBM7 / W7N466 Transcription factor FBD3; Fusarium detoxification of benzoxazolinone cluster 2 protein 3; FDB2 cluster protein 3 from Gibberella moniliformis (strain M3125 / FGSC 7600) (Maize ear and stalk rot fungus) (Fusarium verticillioides) (see 3 papers)
36% identity, 10% coverage

NCU16667 hypothetical protein from Neurospora crassa OR74A
35% identity, 6% coverage

NCU05051 COL-23 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
49% identity, 5% coverage

FGSG_12742 hypothetical protein from Fusarium graminearum PH-1
37% identity, 8% coverage

SS1G_06754 hypothetical protein from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1980 UF-70
40% identity, 9% coverage

NCU09804 C6 transcription factor from Neurospora crassa OR74A
61% identity, 4% coverage

FDB3_FUSPC / K3UIH8 Transcription factor FBD3; Fusarium detoxification of benzoxazolinone cluster protein 3; FDB cluster protein 3 from Fusarium pseudograminearum (strain CS3096) (Wheat and barley crown-rot fungus) (see 2 papers)
38% identity, 10% coverage

FOXG_15059 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
FOXG_14422 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
32% identity, 6% coverage

MYCTH_2305551 uncharacterized protein from Thermothelomyces thermophilus ATCC 42464
37% identity, 12% coverage

SPAC1327.01c transcription factor (predicted) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
55% identity, 3% coverage

SJAG_03918 transcription factor from Schizosaccharomyces japonicus yFS275
49% identity, 4% coverage

CNAG_05255 hypothetical protein from Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii H99
33% identity, 8% coverage

ABL7_LEPMJ / E5A7E3 Abscisic acid cluster transcription factor abl7; Abscisic acid biosynthesis cluster protein 7 from Leptosphaeria maculans (strain JN3 / isolate v23.1.3 / race Av1-4-5-6-7-8) (Blackleg fungus) (Phoma lingam) (see paper)
34% identity, 12% coverage

PDR8_YEAST / Q06149 Transcription factor PDR8; Pleiotropic drug resistance protein 8 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 2 papers)
YLR266C Pdr8p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
33% identity, 10% coverage

NCU04866 ADA-6 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
37% identity, 10% coverage

AFUA_6G07010 C6 transcription factor RosA from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
36% identity, 10% coverage

YRM1_YEAST / Q12340 Zinc finger transcription factor YRM1; Reveromycin resistance modulator 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 4 papers)
YOR172W Yrm1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
36% identity, 9% coverage

Afu8g05270 C6 transcription factor, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
32% identity, 8% coverage

FOXG_17458 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
27% identity, 7% coverage

NCU00945 fungal specific transcription factor from Neurospora crassa OR74A
35% identity, 8% coverage

NCU05308 Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor from Neurospora crassa OR74A
44% identity, 5% coverage

DEP6_ALTBR / D2E9X1 Depudecin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription activator DEP6; Depudecin biosynthesis cluster protein 6 from Alternaria brassicicola (Dark leaf spot agent) (see paper)
34% identity, 10% coverage

AO090011000890 uncharacterized protein from Aspergillus oryzae RIB40
36% identity, 10% coverage

CNAG_03894 hypothetical protein from Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii H99
48% identity, 6% coverage

TRIATDRAFT_222577 uncharacterized protein from Trichoderma atroviride
53% identity, 5% coverage

FDB94_GIBM7 / W7MVT8 Transcription factor FVEG_08294; Fusarium detoxification of benzoxazolinone cluster 1 protein FVEG_08294; FDB1 cluster protein FVEG_08294 from Gibberella moniliformis (strain M3125 / FGSC 7600) (Maize ear and stalk rot fungus) (Fusarium verticillioides) (see 2 papers)
33% identity, 10% coverage

ARG81 potential ARGR fungal zinc cluster transcription factor from Candida albicans (see paper)
34% identity, 4% coverage

OAF1_YEAST / P39720 Oleate-activated transcription factor 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 6 papers)
NP_009349 oleate-activated transcription factor OAF1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C
36% identity, 6% coverage

LYS144 Lys144p from Candida albicans SC5314
52% identity, 4% coverage

CPAR2_405270 uncharacterized protein from Candida parapsilosis
30% identity, 7% coverage

NCU05294 C6 finger domain-containing protein from Neurospora crassa OR74A
52% identity, 3% coverage

NCU09739 ADA-7 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
53% identity, 5% coverage

CC77DRAFT_1063927 C6 transcription factor FacB from Alternaria alternata
32% identity, 8% coverage

CPAR2_200790 uncharacterized protein from Candida parapsilosis
35% identity, 8% coverage

LEPE_ASPFN / B8NJG9 Transcription factor lepE; Leporins biosynthesis protein E from Aspergillus flavus (strain ATCC 200026 / FGSC A1120 / IAM 13836 / NRRL 3357 / JCM 12722 / SRRC 167) (see paper)
40% identity, 6% coverage

BEA4_GIBF5 / S0EFU6 Beauvericin cluster-specific repressor BEA4; Beauvericin biosynthesis cluster protein 4 from Gibberella fujikuroi (strain CBS 195.34 / IMI 58289 / NRRL A-6831) (Bakanae and foot rot disease fungus) (Fusarium fujikuroi) (see paper)
FFUJ_09298 uncharacterized protein from Fusarium fujikuroi IMI 58289
33% identity, 9% coverage

CTRG_02712 predicted protein from Candida tropicalis MYA-3404
28% identity, 7% coverage

PIP2_YEAST / P52960 Peroxisome proliferation transcriptional regulator; Oleate-activated transcription factor 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 5 papers)
NP_015008 oleate-activated transcription factor PIP2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C
YOR363C Autoregulatory oleate-specific transcriptional activator of peroxisome proliferation, contains Zn(2)-Cys(6) cluster domain, forms heterodimer with Oaf1p, binds oleate response elements (OREs), activates beta-oxidation genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
34% identity, 7% coverage

C0NEC3 C6 finger domain transcription factor nscR from Ajellomyces capsulatus (strain G186AR / H82 / ATCC MYA-2454 / RMSCC 2432)
HCBG_01239 uncharacterized protein from Histoplasma capsulatum G186AR
61% identity, 3% coverage

AFUA_4G12180 C6 transcription factor Prf, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
34% identity, 8% coverage

An03g05500 uncharacterized protein from Aspergillus niger
35% identity, 10% coverage

FGSG_01638 hypothetical protein from Fusarium graminearum PH-1
53% identity, 4% coverage

DEP6_FUSLA / A0A0M9ER64 Depudecin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription activator DEP6; Depudecin biosynthesis cluster protein 6 from Fusarium langsethiae (see paper)
33% identity, 11% coverage

CCM_09617 C6 transcription factor from Cordyceps militaris CM01
43% identity, 8% coverage

MOC3_SCHPO / Q9UT46 Transcriptional regulatory protein moc3; Multicopy suppressor of overexpressed cyr1 protein 3 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) (Fission yeast) (see 3 papers)
NP_593160 DNA-binding transcription factor Moc3 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
48% identity, 6% coverage

CWT1 potential fungal zinc cluster transcription factor from Candida albicans (see 2 papers)
41% identity, 7% coverage

moc3 / RF|NP_593160.1 transcription factor Moc3 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (see 3 papers)
SPAC821.07c transcription factor Moc3 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
48% identity, 6% coverage

An15g02080 uncharacterized protein from Aspergillus niger
44% identity, 6% coverage

ATNN_EMENI / C8V3N0 Aspercryptin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription regulator atnN; Aspercryptin biosynthesis cluster protein N from Emericella nidulans (strain FGSC A4 / ATCC 38163 / CBS 112.46 / NRRL 194 / M139) (Aspergillus nidulans) (see paper)
62% identity, 4% coverage

FOXG_16414 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
28% identity, 8% coverage

NCU07374 hypothetical protein from Neurospora crassa OR74A
38% identity, 8% coverage

An08g06580 acetate regulatory DNA binding protein facB-Aspergillus niger from Aspergillus niger
30% identity, 8% coverage

facB acetate regulatory DNA binding protein FacB from Emericella nidulans (see 5 papers)
30% identity, 8% coverage

OAF3_YEAST / P36023 Oleate activated transcription factor 3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 3 papers)
YKR064W Oaf3p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
34% identity, 8% coverage

TERG_05497 uncharacterized protein from Trichophyton rubrum CBS 118892
53% identity, 7% coverage

FOXG_17123 hypothetical protein from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici 4287
27% identity, 8% coverage

UPC2_CANAL / Q59QC7 Sterol uptake control protein 2 from Candida albicans (strain SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876) (Yeast) (see 17 papers)
UPC2 potential fungal zinc cluster transcription factor (Upc2) from Candida albicans (see 5 papers)
XP_711879 Upc2p from Candida albicans SC5314
35% identity, 8% coverage

YRR1_YEAST / Q12172 Zinc finger transcription factor YRR1; Pleiotropic drug-resistance protein 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 6 papers)
YOR162C Yrr1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
NP_014805 Yrr1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C
29% identity, 9% coverage

O13417 FacB from Aspergillus oryzae
30% identity, 8% coverage

NCU06656 transcriptional activator protein acu-15 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
30% identity, 7% coverage

BBA_01499 nitrate assimilation regulatory protein nirA from Beauveria bassiana ARSEF 2860
34% identity, 10% coverage

BCIN_16g03230 hypothetical protein from Botrytis cinerea B05.10
30% identity, 9% coverage

CPAR2_803820 uncharacterized protein from Candida parapsilosis
36% identity, 8% coverage

CCM_05172 C6 zinc finger domain containing protein from Cordyceps militaris CM01
43% identity, 5% coverage

MGG_04108 transcriptional activator protein acu-15 from Pyricularia oryzae 70-15
30% identity, 8% coverage

B6QAJ8 Endo-chitosanase from Talaromyces marneffei (strain ATCC 18224 / CBS 334.59 / QM 7333)
33% identity, 6% coverage

BC1G_13551 BcfacB from Botrytis cinerea B05.10
30% identity, 8% coverage

H2AZK4 Zn(2)-C6 fungal-type domain-containing protein from Kazachstania africana (strain ATCC 22294 / BCRC 22015 / CBS 2517 / CECT 1963 / NBRC 1671 / NRRL Y-8276)
52% identity, 3% coverage

AFUA_1G13510, Afu1g13510 C6 transcription factor FacB/Cat8 from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
30% identity, 8% coverage

NCU00017 hypothetical protein from Neurospora crassa OR74A
53% identity, 4% coverage

FFUJ_12938 related to transcription activator protein acu-15 from Fusarium fujikuroi IMI 58289
34% identity, 9% coverage

RHTO_05808 C6 transcription factor from Rhodotorula toruloides NP11
31% identity, 8% coverage

XP_723152 Zcf32p from Candida albicans SC5314
32% identity, 9% coverage

RDS1_YEAST / P25611 Regulator of drug sensitivity 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 2 papers)
YCR106W Rds1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
45% identity, 5% coverage

PRO1_NEUCR / Q9P326 Transcriptional regulatory protein pro1; Arrested development protein 1 from Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) (see paper)
NCU07392, XP_958476 transcriptional regulatory protein Pro-1 from Neurospora crassa OR74A
32% identity, 10% coverage

YKL222C Protein of unknown function that may interact with ribosomes, based on co-purification experiments; similar to transcriptional regulators from the zinc cluster (binuclear cluster) family; null mutant is sensitive to caffeine from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
35% identity, 10% coverage

Afu7g01810 C6 transcription factor, putative from Aspergillus fumigatus Af293
34% identity, 8% coverage

CPAR2_405260 uncharacterized protein from Candida parapsilosis
39% identity, 4% coverage

UME6_YEAST / P39001 Transcriptional regulatory protein UME6; Negative transcriptional regulator of IME2; Regulator of inducer of meiosis protein 16; Unscheduled meiotic gene expression protein 6 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) (see 24 papers)
NP_010493 DNA-binding transcriptional regulator UME6 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C
YDR207C Key transcriptional regulator of early meiotic genes, binds URS1 upstream regulatory sequence, couples metabolic responses to nutritional cues with initiation and progression of meiosis, forms complex with Ime1p, and also with Sin3p-Rpd3p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
37% identity, 7% coverage

New Search

For advice on how to use these tools together, see Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Statistics

The PaperBLAST database links 798,070 different protein sequences to 1,261,478 scientific articles. Searches against EuropePMC were last performed on May 12 2025.

How It Works

PaperBLAST builds a database of protein sequences that are linked to scientific articles. These links come from automated text searches against the articles in EuropePMC and from manually-curated information from GeneRIF, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, BRENDA, CAZy (as made available by dbCAN), BioLiP, CharProtDB, MetaCyc, EcoCyc, TCDB, REBASE, the Fitness Browser, and a subset of the European Nucleotide Archive with the /experiment tag. Given this database and a protein sequence query, PaperBLAST uses protein-protein BLAST to find similar sequences with E < 0.001.

To build the database, we query EuropePMC with locus tags, with RefSeq protein identifiers, and with UniProt accessions. We obtain the locus tags from RefSeq or from MicrobesOnline. We use queries of the form "locus_tag AND genus_name" to try to ensure that the paper is actually discussing that gene. Because EuropePMC indexes most recent biomedical papers, even if they are not open access, some of the links may be to papers that you cannot read or that our computers cannot read. We query each of these identifiers that appears in the open access part of EuropePMC, as well as every locus tag that appears in the 500 most-referenced genomes, so that a gene may appear in the PaperBLAST results even though none of the papers that mention it are open access. We also incorporate text-mined links from EuropePMC that link open access articles to UniProt or RefSeq identifiers. (This yields some additional links because EuropePMC uses different heuristics for their text mining than we do.)

For every article that mentions a locus tag, a RefSeq protein identifier, or a UniProt accession, we try to select one or two snippets of text that refer to the protein. If we cannot get access to the full text, we try to select a snippet from the abstract, but unfortunately, unique identifiers such as locus tags are rarely provided in abstracts.

PaperBLAST also incorporates manually-curated protein functions:

Except for GeneRIF and ENA, the curated entries include a short curated description of the protein's function. For entries from BioLiP, the protein's function may not be known beyond binding to the ligand. Many of these entries also link to articles in PubMed.

For more information see the PaperBLAST paper (mSystems 2017) or the code. You can download PaperBLAST's database here.

Changes to PaperBLAST since the paper was written:

Many of these changes are described in Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Secrets

PaperBLAST cannot provide snippets for many of the papers that are published in non-open-access journals. This limitation applies even if the paper is marked as "free" on the publisher's web site and is available in PubmedCentral or EuropePMC. If a journal that you publish in is marked as "secret," please consider publishing elsewhere.

Omissions from the PaperBLAST Database

Many important articles are missing from PaperBLAST, either because the article's full text is not in EuropePMC (as for many older articles), or because the paper does not mention a protein identifier such as a locus tag, or because of PaperBLAST's heuristics. If you notice an article that characterizes a protein's function but is missing from PaperBLAST, please notify the curators at UniProt or add an entry to GeneRIF. Entries in either of these databases will eventually be incorporated into PaperBLAST. Note that to add an entry to UniProt, you will need to find the UniProt identifier for the protein. If the protein is not already in UniProt, you can ask them to create an entry. To add an entry to GeneRIF, you will need an NCBI Gene identifier, but unfortunately many prokaryotic proteins in RefSeq do not have corresponding Gene identifers.

References

PaperBLAST: Text-mining papers for information about homologs.
M. N. Price and A. P. Arkin (2017). mSystems, 10.1128/mSystems.00039-17.

Europe PMC in 2017.
M. Levchenko et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx1005.

Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.
J. A. Mitchell et al (2003). AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003:460-464.

UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
The UniProt Consortium (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1099.

BRENDA in 2017: new perspectives and new tools in BRENDA.
S. Placzek et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw952.

The EcoCyc database: reflecting new knowledge about Escherichia coli K-12.
I. M. Keeseler et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1003.

The MetaCyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.
R. Caspi et al (2018). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx935.

CharProtDB: a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations.
R. Madupu et al (2012). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkr1133.

The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013.
V. Lombard et al (2014). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkt1178.

The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances
M. H. Saier, Jr. et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkv1103.

REBASE - a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes.
R. J. Roberts et al (2015). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gku1046.

Deep annotation of protein function across diverse bacteria from mutant phenotypes.
M. N. Price et al (2016). bioRxiv, 10.1101/072470.

by Morgan Price, Arkin group
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory