GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

Potential Gaps in catabolism of small carbon sources in Clostridium kluyveri DSM 555

Found 160 low-confidence and 42 medium-confidence steps on the best paths for 62 pathways.

Pathway Step Best candidate 2nd candidate
2-oxoglutarate kgtP: 2-oxoglutarate:H+ symporter KgtP
4-hydroxybenzoate mhpD: 2-hydroxypentadienoate hydratase
4-hydroxybenzoate mhpE: 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase CKL_RS10580
4-hydroxybenzoate pcaK: 4-hydroxybenzoate transporter pcaK
4-hydroxybenzoate pobA: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase
4-hydroxybenzoate praA: protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase
4-hydroxybenzoate xylF: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde hydrolase
acetate actP: cation/acetate symporter ActP
arabinose araA: L-arabinose isomerase
arabinose araB: ribulokinase
arabinose araD: L-ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase
arabinose araE: L-arabinose:H+ symporter
arginine gabT: gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase CKL_RS10130 CKL_RS15175
arginine patA: putrescine aminotransferase (PatA/SpuC) CKL_RS11765 CKL_RS10130
arginine patD: gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
arginine rocE: L-arginine permease CKL_RS07600 CKL_RS17165
arginine speB: agmatinase CKL_RS11780
asparagine ans: asparaginase CKL_RS05075 CKL_RS11315
asparagine ansP: L-asparagine permease AnsP CKL_RS03175 CKL_RS17165
aspartate glt: aspartate:proton symporter Glt
cellobiose cbp: cellobiose phosphorylase
cellobiose cdt: cellobiose transporter cdt-1/cdt-2
citrate SLC13A5: citrate:Na+ symporter
citrulline AO353_03040: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, ATPase component CKL_RS04820 CKL_RS10155
citrulline AO353_03045: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, permease component 2 CKL_RS04815 CKL_RS03475
citrulline AO353_03050: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, permease component 1 CKL_RS03475 CKL_RS10140
citrulline AO353_03055: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, periplasmic substrate-binding component CKL_RS04810 CKL_RS11640
citrulline arcC: carbamate kinase
citrulline put1: proline dehydrogenase CKL_RS10110 CKL_RS02190
citrulline putA: L-glutamate 5-semialdeyde dehydrogenase
citrulline rocD: ornithine aminotransferase CKL_RS15175 CKL_RS10130
D-alanine dadA: D-alanine dehydrogenase
D-lactate lctP: D-lactate:H+ symporter LctP or LidP
D-serine dsdA: D-serine ammonia-lyase CKL_RS02105 CKL_RS02495
deoxyinosine nupC: deoxyinosine:H+ symporter NupC
deoxyribonate aacS: acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase CKL_RS14730
deoxyribonate deoxyribonate-dehyd: 2-deoxy-D-ribonate 3-dehydrogenase
deoxyribonate deoxyribonate-transport: 2-deoxy-D-ribonate transporter
deoxyribonate garK: glycerate 2-kinase
deoxyribonate ketodeoxyribonate-cleavage: 2-deoxy-3-keto-D-ribonate cleavage enzyme
deoxyribose deoK: deoxyribokinase
deoxyribose deoP: deoxyribose transporter
fructose 1pfk: 1-phosphofructokinase
fructose fruII-ABC: fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-ABC components
fucose aldA: lactaldehyde dehydrogenase CKL_RS10825
fucose fucA: L-fuculose-phosphate aldolase FucA
fucose fucI: L-fucose isomerase FucI
fucose fucK: L-fuculose kinase FucK
fucose fucP: L-fucose:H+ symporter FucP
fucose fucU: L-fucose mutarotase FucU
fumarate dctA: fumarate:H+ symporter DctA
galactose galK: galactokinase (-1-phosphate forming)
galactose galP: galactose:H+ symporter GalP
galactose galT: UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
galacturonate eda: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate aldolase
galacturonate exuT: D-galacturonate transporter ExuT CKL_RS04980
galacturonate kdgK: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate kinase
galacturonate uxaA: D-altronate dehydratase
galacturonate uxaB: tagaturonate reductase
galacturonate uxaC: D-galacturonate isomerase
gluconate gnd: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
gluconate gntK: D-gluconate kinase
gluconate gntT: gluconate:H+ symporter GntT
glucosamine gamP: glucosamine PTS system, EII-CBA components (GamP/NagE)
glucosamine nagB: glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (isomerizing) CKL_RS01560
glucose MFS-glucose: glucose transporter, MFS superfamily
glucose-6-P uhpT: glucose-6-phosphate:phosphate antiporter
glucuronate dopDH: 2,5-dioxopentanonate dehydrogenase CKL_RS10825
glucuronate exuT: D-glucuronate:H+ symporter ExuT
glucuronate gci: D-glucaro-1,4-lactone cycloisomerase
glucuronate kdgD: 5-dehydro-4-deoxyglucarate dehydratase
glucuronate udh: D-glucuronate dehydrogenase
glutamate gltS: L-glutamate:Na+ symporter GltS
glycerol dhaD: glycerol dehydrogenase CKL_RS11770 CKL_RS10135
glycerol dhaK: dihydroxyacetone:PEP phosphotransferase, subunit K
glycerol glpF: glycerol facilitator glpF
histidine hutG: N-formiminoglutamate formiminohydrolase CKL_RS11780
histidine hutH: histidine ammonia-lyase
histidine hutI: imidazole-5-propionate hydrolase
histidine hutU: urocanase
histidine PA5503: L-histidine ABC transporter, ATPase component CKL_RS04035 CKL_RS03265
isoleucine acdH: (2S)-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase CKL_RS03105 CKL_RS02250
isoleucine dddA: 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase
isoleucine ech: 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA hydro-lyase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
isoleucine hpcD: 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
isoleucine iolA: malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)
isoleucine ivdG: 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase CKL_RS03830 CKL_RS10300
isoleucine livJ: L-isoleucine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) CKL_RS13405
isoleucine ofo: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fused
L-lactate lctP: L-lactate:H+ symporter LctP or LidP
L-malate mleP: malate permease MleP CKL_RS11105
lactose galK: galactokinase (-1-phosphate forming)
lactose galT: UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase
lactose lacP: lactose permease LacP
lactose lacZ: lactase (homomeric)
leucine aacS: acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase CKL_RS14730
leucine liuA: isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase CKL_RS03105 CKL_RS02250
leucine liuB: 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, alpha (biotin-containing) subunit CKL_RS02210 CKL_RS00540
leucine liuC: 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
leucine liuD: 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, beta subunit
leucine liuE: hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase
leucine livJ: L-leucine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) CKL_RS13405
leucine ofo: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fused
lysine davA: 5-aminovaleramidase
lysine davB: L-lysine 2-monooxygenase
lysine davD: glutarate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
lysine gcdG: succinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferase
lysine gcdH: glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase CKL_RS03105 CKL_RS02250
maltose MAL11: maltose permease
mannitol mtlA: mannitol phosphotransferase system, EII-CBA components
mannose manA: mannose-6-phosphate isomerase CKL_RS16635 CKL_RS18235
mannose manP: mannose PTS system, EII-CBA components
myoinositol iolB: 5-deoxy-D-glucuronate isomerase
myoinositol iolC: 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate kinase
myoinositol iolD: 3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione hydrolase
myoinositol iolE: scyllo-inosose 2-dehydratase
myoinositol iolG: myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase
myoinositol iolJ: 5-dehydro-2-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase CKL_RS17525
myoinositol iolT: myo-inositol:H+ symporter
myoinositol mmsA: malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
NAG nagA: N-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate deacetylase
NAG nagB: glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (isomerizing) CKL_RS01560
NAG nagEcba: N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase system, EII-CBA components
phenylacetate H281DRAFT_04042: phenylacetate:H+ symporter CKL_RS03175 CKL_RS17165
phenylacetate paaA: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit A
phenylacetate paaB: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit B
phenylacetate paaC: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit C
phenylacetate paaE: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit E
phenylacetate paaF: 2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
phenylacetate paaG: 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase / 2-(oxepinyl)acetyl-CoA isomerase / didehydroadipyl-CoA isomerase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
phenylacetate paaJ1: 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA thiolase CKL_RS17985 CKL_RS17990
phenylacetate paaJ2: 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase CKL_RS17995 CKL_RS17985
phenylacetate paaK: phenylacetate-CoA ligase
phenylacetate paaZ1: oxepin-CoA hydrolase CKL_RS02245
phenylacetate paaZ2: 3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase
phenylalanine aroP: L-phenylalanine:H+ symporter AroP CKL_RS17165 CKL_RS03175
phenylalanine iorAB: phenylpyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fused IorA/IorB
phenylalanine paaA: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit A
phenylalanine paaB: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit B
phenylalanine paaC: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit C
phenylalanine paaE: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit E
phenylalanine paaF: 2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
phenylalanine paaG: 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase / 2-(oxepinyl)acetyl-CoA isomerase / didehydroadipyl-CoA isomerase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
phenylalanine paaJ1: 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA thiolase CKL_RS17985 CKL_RS17990
phenylalanine paaJ2: 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase CKL_RS17995 CKL_RS17985
phenylalanine paaZ1: oxepin-CoA hydrolase CKL_RS02245
phenylalanine paaZ2: 3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase
proline opuBA: proline ABC transporter, ATPase component OpuBA/BusAA CKL_RS03815 CKL_RS13695
proline put1: proline dehydrogenase CKL_RS10110 CKL_RS02190
proline putA: L-glutamate 5-semialdeyde dehydrogenase
propionate dddA: 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase
propionate hpcD: 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
propionate iolA: malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)
propionate prpE: propionyl-CoA synthetase CKL_RS14730
propionate putP: propionate transporter; proline:Na+ symporter
putrescine gabT: gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase CKL_RS10130 CKL_RS15175
putrescine patA: putrescine aminotransferase (PatA/SpuC) CKL_RS11765 CKL_RS10130
putrescine patD: gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase
putrescine puuP: putrescine:H+ symporter PuuP/PlaP
pyruvate SLC5A8: sodium-coupled pyruvate transporter
rhamnose LRA1: L-rhamnofuranose dehydrogenase CKL_RS10300 CKL_RS00520
rhamnose LRA2: L-rhamnono-gamma-lactonase
rhamnose LRA3: L-rhamnonate dehydratase
rhamnose LRA5: 2-keto-3-deoxy-L-rhamnonate 4-dehydrogenase CKL_RS00520 CKL_RS07515
rhamnose LRA6: 2,4-diketo-3-deoxyrhamnonate hydrolase CKL_RS11645
rhamnose rhaT: L-rhamnose:H+ symporter RhaT
ribose rbsK: ribokinase
ribose rbsU: probable D-ribose transporter RbsU
serine serP: L-serine permease SerP CKL_RS17165 CKL_RS03175
sorbitol mtlA: PTS system for polyols, EII-CBA components
sorbitol srlD: sorbitol 6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase CKL_RS00520 CKL_RS03830
succinate sdc: succinate:Na+ symporter Sdc
sucrose ams: sucrose hydrolase (invertase) CKL_RS07860
sucrose MFS-glucose: glucose transporter, MFS superfamily
threonine gcvP: glycine cleavage system, P component (glycine decarboxylase) CKL_RS08700 CKL_RS08705
threonine serP1: L-threonine uptake transporter SerP1 CKL_RS17165 CKL_RS03175
thymidine nupG: thymidine permease NupG/XapB
trehalose treB: trehalose PTS system, EII-BC components TreB
trehalose treC: trehalose-6-phosphate hydrolase CKL_RS07860
trehalose treEIIA: N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase system, EII-A component (Crr/PtsG/YpqE/GamP) CKL_RS17460 CKL_RS01510
tryptophan ecfA1: energy-coupling factor transporter, ATPase 1 (A1) component CKL_RS01250 CKL_RS01255
tryptophan tnaA: tryptophanase
tyrosine aacS: acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase CKL_RS14730
tyrosine aroP: L-tyrosine transporter (AroP/FywP) CKL_RS17165 CKL_RS03175
tyrosine fahA: fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase CKL_RS11645
tyrosine hmgA: homogentisate dioxygenase
tyrosine HPD: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
tyrosine maiA: maleylacetoacetate isomerase
valine acdH: isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase CKL_RS03105 CKL_RS02250
valine bch: 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase CKL_RS02245
valine dddA: 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase
valine hpcD: 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase CKL_RS02245 CKL_RS12375
valine iolA: malonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)
valine livJ: L-valine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) CKL_RS13405
valine mmsA: methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase CKL_RS10825
valine mmsB: 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase
valine ofo: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fused
xylitol fruI: xylitol PTS, enzyme IIABC (FruI)
xylitol x5p-reductase: D-xylulose-5-phosphate 2-reductase
xylose xylA: xylose isomerase
xylose xylB: xylulokinase
xylose xylT: D-xylose transporter

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory