catabolism of small carbon sources in Bacillota bacterium

GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

catabolism of small carbon sources in Bacillota bacterium

Pathways are sorted by name. Sort by completeness instead.

Pathway	Steps
acetate	actP, acs
D-alanine	cycA, dadA
alanine	cycA
arabinose	araE, araA, araB, araD
arginine	rocE, adiA, speB, patA, patD, gabT, gabD
asparagine	ans, glt
aspartate	glt
cellobiose	bgl, mglA, mglB, mglC, glk
citrate	SLC13A5, acn, icd
citrulline	AO353_03055, AO353_03050, AO353_03045, AO353_03040, arcB, arcC, rocD, PRO3, put1 *, putA
deoxyinosine	H281DRAFT_01115, H281DRAFT_01114, H281DRAFT_01113, H281DRAFT_01112, deoD, deoB, deoC, ald-dh-CoA
deoxyribonate	deoxyribonate-transport, deoxyribonate-dehyd, ketodeoxyribonate-cleavage, garK, aacS, atoB
deoxyribose	deoP, deoK, deoC, ald-dh-CoA
ethanol	etoh-dh-nad, ald-dh-CoA
fructose	fruII-ABC, 1pfk, fba, tpi
fucose	HSERO_RS05250, HSERO_RS05255, HSERO_RS05260, fucU, fucI, fucK, fucA, tpi, aldA
fumarate	dctA
galactose	galP, galK, galT, galE, pgmA
galacturonate	exuT, uxaC, uxaB, uxaA, kdgK, eda
gluconate	gntT, gntK, gnd
glucose	mglA, mglB, mglC, glk
glucose-6-P	uhpT
glucosamine	SM_b21216, SM_b21219, SM_b21220, SM_b21221, glc-kinase, nagB
glucuronate	exuT, udh, gci, garL, garR, garK
glutamate	gltS, aspA
glycerol	glpF, dhaD, dhaK, dhaL, dhaM, tpi
histidine	PA5503, PA5504, PA5505, hutH, hutU, hutI, hutG
isoleucine	livF, livG, livJ, livH, livM, vorA *, vorB, vorC, acdH, ech, ivdG, fadA, pccA, pccB, epi, mcmA
4-hydroxybenzoate	pcaK, pobA, praA, xylF, mhpD, mhpE, ald-dh-CoA
D-lactate	lctP, D-LDH
L-lactate	lctP, L-LDH
lactose	lacP, lacZ, galK, galT, galE, pgmA, glk
leucine	livF, livG, livJ, livH, livM, ilvE, vorA *, vorB, vorC, liuA, liuB, liuD, liuC, liuE, aacS, atoB
lysine	lysP, lat, amaB, lysN, hglS, ydiJ
L-malate	sdlC
maltose	susB, mglA, mglB, mglC, glk
mannitol	PLT5, mt2d, scrK
mannose	HSERO_RS03635, HSERO_RS03640, HSERO_RS03645, man-isomerase, scrK
myoinositol	iatP, iatA, ibpA, iolG, iolM, iolN, iolO, uxaE, uxuB, uxuA, kdgK, eda
NAG	nagEcba, nagA, nagB
2-oxoglutarate	kgtP
phenylacetate	paaT, paaK, paaA, paaB, paaC, paaE, paaG, paaZ1, paaZ2, paaJ1, paaF, paaH, paaJ2
phenylalanine	aroP, PAH, PCBD, QDPR, HPD, hmgA, maiA, fahA, aacS, atoB
proline	CCNA_00435, put1 *, putA
propionate	putP, prpE, pccA, pccB, epi, mcmA
putrescine	puuP, patA, patD, gabT, gabD
pyruvate	SLC5A8
rhamnose	rhaT, rhaM, rhaA, rhaB, rhaD, tpi, aldA
ribose	rbsA, rbsB, rbsC, rbsK
D-serine	cycA, dsdA
serine	serP, sdaB
sorbitol	SOT, sdh, scrK
succinate	sdc
sucrose	ams, mglA, mglB, mglC, glk
threonine	tdcC, ltaE, ald-dh-CoA, gcvP, gcvT, gcvH, lpd
thymidine	nupG, deoA, deoB, deoC, ald-dh-CoA
trehalose	thuE, thuF, thuG, thuK, PsTP, pgmA, glk
tryptophan	trpP, ecfA1, ecfA2, ecfT, tnaA
tyrosine	aroP, HPD, hmgA, maiA, fahA, aacS, atoB
valine	livF, livG, livJ, livH, livM, vorA *, vorB, vorC, acdH, ech, bch, mmsB, mmsA, pccA, pccB, epi, mcmA
xylitol	PS417_12065, PS417_12060, PS417_12055, xdhA, xylB
xylose	xylF, xylG, xylH, xyrA, xdhA, xylB

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Dec 02 2024. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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Candidates (tab-delimited)
Steps (tab-delimited)
Rules (tab-delimited)
Protein sequences (fasta format)
Organisms (tab-delimited)
SQLite3 databases

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

ublast finds a hit to a characterized protein at above 40% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits+10.
- (Hits to curated proteins without experimental data as to their function are never considered high confidence.)
HMMer finds a hit with 80% coverage of the model, and either other identity < 40 or other coverage < 0.75.

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

ublast finds a hit at above 40% identity and 70% coverage (ignoring otherBits).
ublast finds a hit at above 30% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits.
HMMer finds a hit (regardless of coverage or other bits).

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

our ignorance of proteins' functions,
omissions in the gene models,
frame-shift errors in the genome sequence, or
the organism lacks the pathway.

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

the paper from 2019 on GapMind for amino acid biosynthesis
the 2024 update on GapMind for amino acid biosynthesis
the paper from 2022 on GapMind for carbon sources
the source code
instructions for running GapMind on your computer

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources