Pathway | Step | Score | Similar to | Id. | Cov. | Bits | Other hit | Other id. | Other bits |
L-asparagine catabolism | bztD | hi | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter (characterized) | 74% | 92% | 365.5 | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component | 70% | 351.3 |
L-aspartate catabolism | bztD | hi | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter (characterized) | 74% | 92% | 365.5 | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component | 70% | 351.3 |
L-glutamate catabolism | gltL | hi | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter (characterized) | 74% | 92% | 365.5 | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component | 70% | 351.3 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-glutamate catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-leucine catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-proline catabolism | aapP | med | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 73% | 93% | 363.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-alanine catabolism | Pf6N2E2_5405 | med | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component (characterized) | 70% | 95% | 351.3 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-lysine catabolism | hisP | med | Amino-acid ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 61% | 93% | 305.4 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aatP | med | Glutamate/aspartate transport ATP-binding protein GltL aka B0652, component of Glutamate/aspartate porter (characterized) | 64% | 100% | 304.3 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aatP | med | Glutamate/aspartate transport ATP-binding protein GltL aka B0652, component of Glutamate/aspartate porter (characterized) | 64% | 100% | 304.3 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-asparagine catabolism | peb1C | med | PEB1C, component of Uptake system for glutamate and aspartate (characterized) | 61% | 100% | 288.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-aspartate catabolism | peb1C | med | PEB1C, component of Uptake system for glutamate and aspartate (characterized) | 61% | 100% | 288.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-asparagine catabolism | bgtA | med | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 60% | 92% | 281.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-aspartate catabolism | bgtA | med | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 60% | 92% | 281.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-arginine catabolism | artP | med | Arginine transport ATP-binding protein ArtM (characterized) | 57% | 100% | 273.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | bgtA | med | BgtA aka SLR1735, component of Arginine/lysine/histidine/glutamine porter (characterized) | 53% | 96% | 261.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-asparagine catabolism | glnQ | med | Glutamine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein, component of Glutamine transporter, GlnQP. Takes up glutamine, asparagine and glutamate which compete for each other for binding both substrate and the transmembrane protein constituent of the system (Fulyani et al. 2015). Tandem substrate binding domains (SBDs) differ in substrate specificity and affinity, allowing cells to efficiently accumulate different amino acids via a single ABC transporter. Analysis revealed the roles of individual residues in determining the substrate affinity (characterized) | 54% | 98% | 259.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | hisP | med | Histidine transport ATP-binding protein HisP (characterized) | 53% | 98% | 253.4 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-citrulline catabolism | AO353_03040 | med | ABC transporter for L-Arginine and L-Citrulline, ATPase component (characterized) | 49% | 99% | 243.8 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | BPHYT_RS24015 | med | ABC transporter related (characterized, see rationale) | 49% | 94% | 243 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | AO353_21725 | med | ABC transporter for D-glucosamine, ATPase component (characterized) | 49% | 94% | 241.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-citrulline catabolism | PS417_17605 | med | ATP-binding cassette domain-containing protein; SubName: Full=Amino acid transporter; SubName: Full=Histidine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein; SubName: Full=Histidine transport system ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 49% | 91% | 233.8 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | PA5503 | med | Methionine import ATP-binding protein MetN 2, component of L-Histidine uptake porter, MetIQN (characterized) | 41% | 72% | 172.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-proline catabolism | proV | lo | glycine betaine/l-proline transport atp-binding protein prov (characterized) | 39% | 56% | 166.4 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
xylitol catabolism | Dshi_0546 | lo | ABC transporter for Xylitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 38% | 68% | 162.2 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-proline catabolism | opuBA | lo | BusAA, component of Uptake system for glycine-betaine (high affinity) and proline (low affinity) (OpuAA-OpuABC) or BusAA-ABC of Lactococcus lactis). BusAA, the ATPase subunit, has a C-terminal tandem cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain which is the cytoplasmic K+ sensor for osmotic stress (osmotic strength)while the BusABC subunit has the membrane and receptor domains fused to each other (Biemans-Oldehinkel et al., 2006; Mahmood et al., 2006; Gul et al. 2012). An N-terminal amphipathic α-helix of OpuA is necessary for high activity but is not critical for biogenesis or the ionic regulation of transport (characterized) | 41% | 55% | 161.8 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-histidine catabolism | hutV | lo | ABC transporter for L-Histidine, ATPase component (characterized) | 38% | 81% | 157.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-sorbitol (glucitol) catabolism | mtlK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Sorbitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 63% | 157.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine catabolism | SMc02869 | lo | N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine ABC transport system, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 64% | 154.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | SMc02869 | lo | N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine ABC transport system, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 64% | 154.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
lactose catabolism | lacK | lo | ABC transporter for Lactose, ATPase component (characterized) | 38% | 63% | 154.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
putrescine catabolism | potA | lo | PotG aka B0855, component of Putrescine porter (characterized) | 35% | 62% | 153.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | aglK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Maltose and D-Trehalose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 64% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | thuK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Maltose and D-Trehalose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 64% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-mannitol catabolism | mtlK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Mannitol, D-Mannose, and D-Sorbitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 63% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
sucrose catabolism | aglK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Maltose and D-Trehalose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 64% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
sucrose catabolism | thuK | lo | ABC transporter (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 61% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
trehalose catabolism | aglK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Maltose and D-Trehalose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 64% | 152.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-fucose catabolism | SM_b21106 | lo | ABC transporter for L-Fucose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 63% | 152.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK_Bb | lo | ABC-type maltose transport, ATP binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 67% | 146.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-proline catabolism | hutV | lo | HutV aka HISV aka R02702 aka SMC00670, component of Uptake system for hisitidine, proline, proline-betaine and glycine-betaine (characterized) | 37% | 81% | 146.4 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacJ | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacJ; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 61% | 146 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
trehalose catabolism | thuK | lo | ThuK aka RB0314 aka SMB20328, component of Trehalose/maltose/sucrose porter (trehalose inducible) (characterized) | 35% | 66% | 146 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
xylitol catabolism | HSERO_RS17020 | lo | ABC-type sugar transport system, ATPase component protein (characterized, see rationale) | 37% | 55% | 145.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-glucose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
lactose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
sucrose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
trehalose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-xylose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 60% | 144.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK1 | lo | MalK; aka Sugar ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein, component of The maltose, maltotriose, mannotetraose (MalE1)/maltose, maltotriose, trehalose (MalE2) porter (Nanavati et al., 2005). For MalG1 (823aas) and MalG2 (833aas), the C-terminal transmembrane domain with 6 putative TMSs is preceded by a single N-terminal TMS and a large (600 residue) hydrophilic region showing sequence similarity to MLP1 and 2 (9.A.14; e-12 & e-7) as well as other proteins (characterized) | 37% | 61% | 143.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
trehalose catabolism | treV | lo | TreV, component of Trehalose porter (characterized) | 33% | 72% | 142.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK | lo | Maltose-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.19) (characterized) | 35% | 62% | 142.5 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-mannose catabolism | TT_C0211 | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 61% | 139.4 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-galactose catabolism | PfGW456L13_1897 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Galactose and D-Glucose, ATPase component (characterized) | 35% | 60% | 138.3 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacK | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacK; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 35% | 60% | 137.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | SMc04256 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Cellobiose and D-Salicin, ATPase component (characterized) | 35% | 62% | 133.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-isoleucine catabolism | livF | lo | High-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 31% | 97% | 130.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-phenylalanine catabolism | livF | lo | High-affinity branched-chain amino acid transport ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 31% | 97% | 130.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
trehalose catabolism | malK | lo | MsmK aka SMU.882, component of The raffinose/stachyose transporter, MsmEFGK (MalK (3.A.1.1.27) can probably substitute for MsmK; Webb et al., 2008). This system may also transport melibiose, isomaltotriose and sucrose as well as isomaltosaccharides (characterized) | 30% | 65% | 127.9 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | TM0027 | lo | TM0027, component of β-glucoside porter (Conners et al., 2005). Binds cellobiose, laminaribiose (Nanavati et al. 2006). Regulated by cellobiose-responsive repressor BglR (characterized) | 35% | 88% | 126.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK_Sm | lo | MalK, component of Maltose/Maltotriose/maltodextrin (up to 7 glucose units) transporters MalXFGK (MsmK (3.A.1.1.28) can probably substitute for MalK; Webb et al., 2008) (characterized) | 31% | 64% | 126.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
L-tryptophan catabolism | ecfA2 | lo | Energy-coupling factor transporter ATP-binding protein EcfA2; Short=ECF transporter A component EcfA2; EC 7.-.-.- (characterized, see rationale) | 36% | 77% | 126.7 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-mannose catabolism | TM1749 | lo | TM1749, component of Probable mannose/mannoside porter. Induced by beta-mannan (Conners et al., 2005). Regulated by mannose-responsive regulator manR (characterized) | 33% | 80% | 123.6 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-maltose catabolism | musK | lo | ABC-type maltose transporter (EC 7.5.2.1) (characterized) | 33% | 56% | 122.1 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | msiK | lo | MsiK protein, component of The cellobiose/cellotriose (and possibly higher cellooligosaccharides), CebEFGMsiK [MsiK functions to energize several ABC transporters including those for maltose/maltotriose and trehalose] (characterized) | 31% | 57% | 121.3 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | cbtF | lo | CbtF, component of Cellobiose and cellooligosaccharide porter (characterized) | 33% | 70% | 119 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | cbtD | lo | CbtD, component of Cellobiose and cellooligosaccharide porter (characterized) | 32% | 70% | 109 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
glycerol catabolism | glpS | lo | ABC transporter for Glycerol, ATPase component 1 (characterized) | 31% | 62% | 107.8 | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter | 74% | 365.5 |
This GapMind analysis is from Apr 09 2024. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know