Pathway | Step | Score | Similar to | Id. | Cov. | Bits | Other hit | Other id. | Other bits |
D-mannose catabolism | TM1750 | med | TM1750, component of Probable mannose/mannoside porter. Induced by beta-mannan (Conners et al., 2005). Regulated by mannose-responsive regulator manR (characterized) | 51% | 78% | 267.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-mannose catabolism | TM1749 | med | TM1749, component of Probable mannose/mannoside porter. Induced by beta-mannan (Conners et al., 2005). Regulated by mannose-responsive regulator manR (characterized) | 44% | 80% | 208 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | TM0027 | med | TM0027, component of β-glucoside porter (Conners et al., 2005). Binds cellobiose, laminaribiose (Nanavati et al. 2006). Regulated by cellobiose-responsive repressor BglR (characterized) | 41% | 94% | 188 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-histidine catabolism | PA5503 | lo | Methionine import ATP-binding protein MetN 2, component of L-Histidine uptake porter, MetIQN (characterized) | 39% | 68% | 156.4 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | cbtD | lo | CbtD, component of Cellobiose and cellooligosaccharide porter (characterized) | 35% | 71% | 154.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-proline catabolism | proV | lo | Glycine betaine/proline betaine transport system ATP-binding protein ProV (characterized) | 40% | 57% | 151.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | TM0028 | lo | TM0028, component of β-glucoside porter (Conners et al., 2005). Binds cellobiose, laminaribiose (Nanavati et al. 2006). Regulated by cellobiose-responsive repressor BglR (characterized) | 33% | 83% | 145.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-asparagine catabolism | bgtA | lo | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 95% | 144.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-aspartate catabolism | bgtA | lo | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 95% | 144.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-proline catabolism | opuBA | lo | BusAA, component of Uptake system for glycine-betaine (high affinity) and proline (low affinity) (OpuAA-OpuABC) or BusAA-ABC of Lactococcus lactis). BusAA, the ATPase subunit, has a C-terminal tandem cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain which is the cytoplasmic K+ sensor for osmotic stress (osmotic strength)while the BusABC subunit has the membrane and receptor domains fused to each other (Biemans-Oldehinkel et al., 2006; Mahmood et al., 2006; Gul et al. 2012). An N-terminal amphipathic α-helix of OpuA is necessary for high activity but is not critical for biogenesis or the ionic regulation of transport (characterized) | 39% | 57% | 143.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-arginine catabolism | artP | lo | Arginine transport ATP-binding protein ArtM (characterized) | 37% | 100% | 140.6 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-histidine catabolism | hisP | lo | Histidine transport ATP-binding protein HisP (characterized) | 35% | 93% | 136 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-lysine catabolism | hisP | lo | Histidine transport ATP-binding protein HisP (characterized) | 35% | 93% | 136 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-citrulline catabolism | AO353_03040 | lo | ABC transporter for L-Arginine and L-Citrulline, ATPase component (characterized) | 35% | 93% | 130.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-histidine catabolism | hutV | lo | HutV aka HISV aka R02702 aka SMC00670, component of Uptake system for hisitidine, proline, proline-betaine and glycine-betaine (characterized) | 36% | 82% | 129.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-proline catabolism | hutV | lo | HutV aka HISV aka R02702 aka SMC00670, component of Uptake system for hisitidine, proline, proline-betaine and glycine-betaine (characterized) | 36% | 82% | 129.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
putrescine catabolism | potA | lo | spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein PotA; EC 3.6.3.31 (characterized) | 35% | 59% | 128.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-citrulline catabolism | PS417_17605 | lo | ATP-binding cassette domain-containing protein; SubName: Full=Amino acid transporter; SubName: Full=Histidine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein; SubName: Full=Histidine transport system ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 35% | 85% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-glutamate catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-histidine catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-leucine catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-proline catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 36% | 88% | 127.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-glutamate catabolism | gltL | lo | GluA aka CGL1950, component of Glutamate porter (characterized) | 34% | 92% | 126.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-alanine catabolism | Pf6N2E2_5405 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 89% | 126.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | thuK | lo | ThuK aka RB0314 aka SMB20328, component of Trehalose/maltose/sucrose porter (trehalose inducible) (characterized) | 33% | 65% | 125.9 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
sucrose catabolism | thuK | lo | ThuK aka RB0314 aka SMB20328, component of Trehalose/maltose/sucrose porter (trehalose inducible) (characterized) | 33% | 65% | 125.9 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
trehalose catabolism | thuK | lo | ThuK aka RB0314 aka SMB20328, component of Trehalose/maltose/sucrose porter (trehalose inducible) (characterized) | 33% | 65% | 125.9 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aatP | lo | ABC transporter for L-Asparagine and possibly other L-amino acids, putative ATPase component (characterized) | 34% | 93% | 125.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aatP | lo | ABC transporter for L-Asparagine and possibly other L-amino acids, putative ATPase component (characterized) | 34% | 93% | 125.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | cbtF | lo | CbtF, component of Cellobiose and cellooligosaccharide porter (characterized) | 32% | 72% | 124.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | AO353_21725 | lo | ABC transporter for D-glucosamine, ATPase component (characterized) | 34% | 97% | 122.9 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-glucose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
lactose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
sucrose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
trehalose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 70% | 122.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-asparagine catabolism | bztD | lo | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter (characterized) | 35% | 86% | 121.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-aspartate catabolism | bztD | lo | BztD, component of Glutamate/glutamine/aspartate/asparagine porter (characterized) | 35% | 86% | 121.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK_Bb | lo | ABC-type maltose transport, ATP binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 33% | 67% | 119 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-histidine catabolism | BPHYT_RS24015 | lo | ABC transporter related (characterized, see rationale) | 33% | 84% | 118.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacJ | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacJ; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 61% | 117.9 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK | lo | Maltose-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.19) (characterized) | 31% | 63% | 116.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-tryptophan catabolism | ecfA2 | lo | Energy-coupling factor transporter ATP-binding protein EcfA2; Short=ECF transporter A component EcfA2; EC 7.-.-.- (characterized, see rationale) | 33% | 87% | 116.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
xylitol catabolism | Dshi_0546 | lo | ABC transporter for Xylitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 32% | 65% | 116.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-xylose catabolism | gtsD | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucose-6-Phosphate, ATPase component (characterized) | 33% | 57% | 116.3 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK1 | lo | MalK; aka Sugar ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein, component of The maltose, maltotriose, mannotetraose (MalE1)/maltose, maltotriose, trehalose (MalE2) porter (Nanavati et al., 2005). For MalG1 (823aas) and MalG2 (833aas), the C-terminal transmembrane domain with 6 putative TMSs is preceded by a single N-terminal TMS and a large (600 residue) hydrophilic region showing sequence similarity to MLP1 and 2 (9.A.14; e-12 & e-7) as well as other proteins (characterized) | 31% | 60% | 115.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacK | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacK; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 55% | 114.8 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | msiK | lo | MsiK protein, component of The cellobiose/cellotriose (and possibly higher cellooligosaccharides), CebEFGMsiK [MsiK functions to energize several ABC transporters including those for maltose/maltotriose and trehalose] (characterized) | 34% | 55% | 113.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-mannose catabolism | TT_C0211 | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 34% | 52% | 112.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine catabolism | SMc02869 | lo | N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine ABC transport system, ATPase component (characterized) | 30% | 72% | 110.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | SMc02869 | lo | N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine ABC transport system, ATPase component (characterized) | 30% | 72% | 110.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | SM_b21216 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucosamine, ATPase component (characterized) | 32% | 65% | 110.2 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
trehalose catabolism | malK | lo | MsmK aka SMU.882, component of The raffinose/stachyose transporter, MsmEFGK (MalK (3.A.1.1.27) can probably substitute for MsmK; Webb et al., 2008). This system may also transport melibiose, isomaltotriose and sucrose as well as isomaltosaccharides (characterized) | 32% | 58% | 109 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-arabinose catabolism | araV | lo | AraV, component of Arabinose, fructose, xylose porter (characterized) | 34% | 60% | 108.6 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-fructose catabolism | araV | lo | AraV, component of Arabinose, fructose, xylose porter (characterized) | 34% | 60% | 108.6 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
sucrose catabolism | araV | lo | AraV, component of Arabinose, fructose, xylose porter (characterized) | 34% | 60% | 108.6 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-xylose catabolism | araV | lo | AraV, component of Arabinose, fructose, xylose porter (characterized) | 34% | 60% | 108.6 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
lactose catabolism | lacK | lo | ABC transporter for Lactose, ATPase component (characterized) | 31% | 62% | 106.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK_Sm | lo | MalK, component of Maltose/Maltotriose/maltodextrin (up to 7 glucose units) transporters MalXFGK (MsmK (3.A.1.1.28) can probably substitute for MalK; Webb et al., 2008) (characterized) | 32% | 59% | 105.5 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xylGsa | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XylG; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 33% | 80% | 97.1 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
myo-inositol catabolism | PGA1_c07320 | lo | Inositol transport system ATP-binding protein (characterized) | 30% | 79% | 91.7 | Glutathione import ATP-binding protein GsiA; EC 7.4.2.10 | 50% | 488.4 |
This GapMind analysis is from Apr 09 2024. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know