Found 173 low-confidence and 68 medium-confidence steps on the best paths for 62 pathways.
Pathway | Step | Best candidate | 2nd candidate |
2-oxoglutarate | kgtP: 2-oxoglutarate:H+ symporter KgtP | B5D49_RS00840 | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | adh: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (not acylating) | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
4-hydroxybenzoate | mhpD: 2-hydroxypentadienoate hydratase | | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | mhpE: 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase | B5D49_RS04290 | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | pcaK: 4-hydroxybenzoate transporter pcaK | | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | pobA: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase | | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | praA: protocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase | | |
4-hydroxybenzoate | xylF: 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde hydrolase | | |
alanine | braC: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, substrate binding protein (BraC/NatB) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
alanine | braD: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (BraD/NatD) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
alanine | braE: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (BraE/NatC) | B5D49_RS04230 | B5D49_RS00085 |
alanine | braF: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 1 (BraF/NatA) | B5D49_RS00080 | B5D49_RS00870 |
alanine | braG: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 2 (BraG/NatE) | B5D49_RS04235 | B5D49_RS00075 |
arabinose | araA: L-arabinose isomerase | | |
arabinose | araB: ribulokinase | | |
arabinose | araD: L-ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase | | |
arabinose | araE: L-arabinose:H+ symporter | | |
arginine | braC: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, substrate-binding component BraC | B5D49_RS04220 | B5D49_RS00095 |
arginine | braD: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 1 (BraD) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
arginine | braE: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 2 (BraE) | B5D49_RS00085 | B5D49_RS04230 |
arginine | braF: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, ATPase component 1 (BraF) | B5D49_RS04215 | B5D49_RS00080 |
arginine | rocF: arginase | | |
asparagine | glt: aspartate:proton symporter Glt | | |
aspartate | glt: aspartate:proton symporter Glt | | |
cellobiose | cbp: cellobiose phosphorylase | | |
cellobiose | cdt: cellobiose transporter cdt-1/cdt-2 | | |
cellobiose | glk: glucokinase | B5D49_RS04535 | |
citrate | SLC13A5: citrate:Na+ symporter | | |
citrulline | AO353_03040: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, ATPase component | B5D49_RS04740 | B5D49_RS02695 |
citrulline | AO353_03045: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, permease component 2 | B5D49_RS01060 | B5D49_RS12105 |
citrulline | AO353_03050: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, permease component 1 | B5D49_RS01060 | B5D49_RS02700 |
citrulline | AO353_03055: ABC transporter for L-Citrulline, periplasmic substrate-binding component | B5D49_RS02705 | B5D49_RS12100 |
citrulline | arcC: carbamate kinase | | |
D-alanine | cycA: D-alanine:H+ symporter CycA | | |
D-alanine | dadA: D-alanine dehydrogenase | | |
D-lactate | D-LDH: D-lactate dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS07870 | B5D49_RS10655 |
D-serine | cycA: D-serine:H+ symporter CycA | | |
D-serine | dsdA: D-serine ammonia-lyase | | |
deoxyinosine | adh: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (not acylating) | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
deoxyinosine | deoB: phosphopentomutase | B5D49_RS05410 | B5D49_RS09285 |
deoxyinosine | deoC: deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase | | |
deoxyinosine | deoD: deoxyinosine phosphorylase | B5D49_RS05725 | |
deoxyinosine | nupC: deoxyinosine:H+ symporter NupC | | |
deoxyribonate | atoB: acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
deoxyribonate | deoxyribonate-dehyd: 2-deoxy-D-ribonate 3-dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS01965 | |
deoxyribonate | deoxyribonate-transport: 2-deoxy-D-ribonate transporter | | |
deoxyribonate | garK: glycerate 2-kinase | | |
deoxyribonate | ketodeoxyribonate-cleavage: 2-deoxy-3-keto-D-ribonate cleavage enzyme | | |
deoxyribose | adh: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (not acylating) | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
deoxyribose | deoC: deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase | | |
deoxyribose | deoK: deoxyribokinase | | |
deoxyribose | deoP: deoxyribose transporter | | |
ethanol | adh: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (not acylating) | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
ethanol | etoh-dh-nad: ethanol dehydrogenase (NAD(P)) | B5D49_RS13960 | B5D49_RS00550 |
fructose | 1pfk: 1-phosphofructokinase | | |
fructose | fba: fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase | B5D49_RS09460 | B5D49_RS08675 |
fructose | fruII-ABC: fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-ABC components | | |
fucose | fucA: L-fuculose-phosphate aldolase FucA | | |
fucose | fucI: L-fucose isomerase FucI | | |
fucose | fucK: L-fuculose kinase FucK | | |
fucose | fucO: L-lactaldehyde reductase | B5D49_RS02515 | B5D49_RS02645 |
fucose | fucP: L-fucose:H+ symporter FucP | | |
fucose | fucU: L-fucose mutarotase FucU | | |
fumarate | dctA: fumarate:H+ symporter DctA | | |
galactose | galE: UDP-glucose 4-epimerase | B5D49_RS09210 | B5D49_RS11915 |
galactose | galK: galactokinase (-1-phosphate forming) | | |
galactose | galP: galactose:H+ symporter GalP | | |
galactose | galT: UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase | | |
galacturonate | eda: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate aldolase | | |
galacturonate | exuT: D-galacturonate transporter ExuT | | |
galacturonate | kdgK: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate kinase | | |
galacturonate | uxaA: D-altronate dehydratase | | |
galacturonate | uxaB: tagaturonate reductase | | |
galacturonate | uxaC: D-galacturonate isomerase | | |
gluconate | gnd: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating | | |
gluconate | gntK: D-gluconate kinase | | |
gluconate | gntT: gluconate:H+ symporter GntT | | |
glucosamine | gamP: glucosamine PTS system, EII-CBA components (GamP/NagE) | | |
glucosamine | nagB: glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (isomerizing) | B5D49_RS08590 | |
glucose | ptsG-crr: glucose PTS, enzyme II (CBA components, PtsG) | | |
glucose-6-P | uhpT: glucose-6-phosphate:phosphate antiporter | | |
glucuronate | dopDH: 2,5-dioxopentanonate dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
glucuronate | exuT: D-glucuronate:H+ symporter ExuT | | |
glucuronate | gci: D-glucaro-1,4-lactone cycloisomerase | | |
glucuronate | kdgD: 5-dehydro-4-deoxyglucarate dehydratase | B5D49_RS05670 | |
glucuronate | udh: D-glucuronate dehydrogenase | | |
glutamate | dmeA: L-glutamate transporter DmeA | B5D49_RS14535 | |
glutamate | gdhA: glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent | B5D49_RS05330 | |
glycerol | glpD: glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (monomeric) | | |
glycerol | glpF: glycerol facilitator glpF | | |
glycerol | glpK: glycerol kinase | | |
histidine | braC: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, substrate-binding component BraC | B5D49_RS04220 | B5D49_RS00095 |
histidine | braD: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 1 (BraD) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
histidine | braE: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 2 (BraE) | B5D49_RS00085 | B5D49_RS04230 |
histidine | braF: ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, ATPase component 1 (BraF) | B5D49_RS04215 | B5D49_RS00080 |
histidine | hutG: N-formiminoglutamate formiminohydrolase | | |
histidine | hutH: histidine ammonia-lyase | | |
histidine | hutI: imidazole-5-propionate hydrolase | | |
histidine | hutU: urocanase | | |
isoleucine | acdH: (2S)-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase | | |
isoleucine | ech: 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA hydro-lyase | | |
isoleucine | epi: methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase | | |
isoleucine | ivdG: 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS01965 | |
isoleucine | livJ: L-isoleucine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
isoleucine | mcmA: methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, fused catalytic and adenosylcobamide-binding components | | |
isoleucine | pccA: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, alpha subunit | B5D49_RS12550 | B5D49_RS04650 |
isoleucine | pccB: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, beta subunit | | |
isoleucine | vorC: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma subunit VorC | | |
L-malate | sdlC: L-malate:Na+ symporter SdlC | | |
lactose | galE: UDP-glucose 4-epimerase | B5D49_RS09210 | B5D49_RS11915 |
lactose | galK: galactokinase (-1-phosphate forming) | | |
lactose | galT: UDP-glucose:alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase | | |
lactose | glk: glucokinase | B5D49_RS04535 | |
lactose | lacP: lactose permease LacP | | |
lactose | lacZ: lactase (homomeric) | | |
leucine | atoB: acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
leucine | liuA: isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase | | |
leucine | liuB: 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, alpha (biotin-containing) subunit | B5D49_RS12550 | B5D49_RS04650 |
leucine | liuC: 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase | | |
leucine | liuD: 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, beta subunit | | |
leucine | liuE: hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase | | |
leucine | livJ: L-leucine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
leucine | vorC: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma subunit VorC | | |
lysine | amaB: L-2-aminoadipate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (AmaB/Pcd) | B5D49_RS13965 | |
lysine | hglS: D-2-hydroxyglutarate synthase | | |
lysine | lat: L-lysine 6-aminotransferase | B5D49_RS03155 | B5D49_RS05850 |
lysine | lysP: L-lysine:H+ symporter LysP | | |
lysine | ydiJ: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS10975 | |
maltose | ptsG-crr: glucose PTS, enzyme II (CBA components, PtsG) | | |
maltose | susB: alpha-glucosidase (maltase) | | |
mannitol | mtlA: mannitol phosphotransferase system, EII-CBA components | | |
mannitol | mtlD: mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase | | |
mannose | manA: mannose-6-phosphate isomerase | B5D49_RS04385 | |
mannose | manP: mannose PTS system, EII-CBA components | | |
myoinositol | iolB: 5-deoxy-D-glucuronate isomerase | | |
myoinositol | iolC: 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate kinase | | |
myoinositol | iolD: 3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione hydrolase | | |
myoinositol | iolE: scyllo-inosose 2-dehydratase | | |
myoinositol | iolG: myo-inositol 2-dehydrogenase | | |
myoinositol | iolJ: 5-dehydro-2-deoxyphosphogluconate aldolase | | |
myoinositol | iolT: myo-inositol:H+ symporter | | |
myoinositol | mmsA: malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
NAG | nagA: N-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate deacetylase | | |
NAG | nagB: glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (isomerizing) | B5D49_RS08590 | |
NAG | nagEcba: N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase system, EII-CBA components | | |
phenylacetate | paaA: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit A | | |
phenylacetate | paaB: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit B | | |
phenylacetate | paaC: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit C | | |
phenylacetate | paaE: phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit E | | |
phenylacetate | paaF: 2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase | | |
phenylacetate | paaG: 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase / 2-(oxepinyl)acetyl-CoA isomerase / didehydroadipyl-CoA isomerase | | |
phenylacetate | paaH: 3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS01965 | |
phenylacetate | paaJ1: 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA thiolase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
phenylacetate | paaJ2: 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
phenylacetate | paaT: phenylacetate transporter Paa | | |
phenylacetate | paaZ1: oxepin-CoA hydrolase | | |
phenylacetate | paaZ2: 3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase | | |
phenylalanine | atoB: acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
phenylalanine | fahA: fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase | | |
phenylalanine | hmgA: homogentisate dioxygenase | | |
phenylalanine | HPD: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase | | |
phenylalanine | livF: L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, ATPase component 1 (LivF) | B5D49_RS04235 | B5D49_RS00075 |
phenylalanine | livH: L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (LivH) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
phenylalanine | livJ: L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component LivJ/LivK | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
phenylalanine | maiA: maleylacetoacetate isomerase | | |
phenylalanine | PAH: phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase | | |
phenylalanine | PCBD: pterin-4-alpha-carbinoalamine dehydratase | | |
phenylalanine | QDPR: 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase | | |
proline | betS: proline transporter BetS | B5D49_RS07505 | B5D49_RS09365 |
proline | put1: proline dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS04205 | |
propionate | epi: methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase | | |
propionate | lctP: propionate permease | B5D49_RS09160 | |
propionate | mcmA: methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, fused catalytic and adenosylcobamide-binding components | | |
propionate | pccA: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, alpha subunit | B5D49_RS12550 | B5D49_RS04650 |
propionate | pccB: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, beta subunit | | |
putrescine | gabD: succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
putrescine | gabT: gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase | B5D49_RS03155 | B5D49_RS14700 |
putrescine | patA: putrescine aminotransferase (PatA/SpuC) | B5D49_RS14700 | B5D49_RS12615 |
putrescine | patD: gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
pyruvate | actP: large subunit of pyruvate transporter (actP-like) | B5D49_RS08720 | |
pyruvate | yjcH: putative small subunit of pyruvate transporter (yjcH-like) | B5D49_RS08715 | |
rhamnose | fucO: L-lactaldehyde reductase | B5D49_RS02515 | B5D49_RS02645 |
rhamnose | rhaA: L-rhamnose isomerase | | |
rhamnose | rhaB: L-rhamnulokinase | | |
rhamnose | rhaD: rhamnulose 1-phosphate aldolase | | |
rhamnose | rhaM: L-rhamnose mutarotase | | |
rhamnose | rhaT: L-rhamnose:H+ symporter RhaT | | |
ribose | rbsK: ribokinase | | |
ribose | rbsU: probable D-ribose transporter RbsU | | |
serine | braC: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, substrate binding protein (BraC/NatB) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
serine | braD: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (BraD/NatD) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
serine | braE: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (BraE/NatC) | B5D49_RS04230 | B5D49_RS00085 |
serine | braF: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 1 (BraF/NatA) | B5D49_RS00080 | B5D49_RS00870 |
serine | braG: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 2 (BraG/NatE) | B5D49_RS04235 | B5D49_RS00075 |
sorbitol | mtlA: PTS system for polyols, EII-CBA components | | |
sorbitol | srlD: sorbitol 6-phosphate 2-dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS01965 | |
succinate | sdc: succinate:Na+ symporter Sdc | | |
sucrose | scrK: fructokinase | | |
sucrose | SUS: sucrose synthase | | |
sucrose | sut: sucrose:proton symporter SUT/SUC | | |
threonine | braC: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, substrate binding protein (BraC/NatB) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
threonine | braD: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (BraD/NatD) | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
threonine | braE: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (BraE/NatC) | B5D49_RS04230 | B5D49_RS00085 |
threonine | braF: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 1 (BraF/NatA) | B5D49_RS00080 | B5D49_RS00870 |
threonine | braG: L-alanine/L-serine/L-threonine ABC transporter, ATP-binding component 2 (BraG/NatE) | B5D49_RS04235 | B5D49_RS00075 |
threonine | gcvP: glycine cleavage system, P component (glycine decarboxylase) | B5D49_RS04120 | B5D49_RS04115 |
threonine | lpd: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS04110 | B5D49_RS13200 |
thymidine | adh: acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (not acylating) | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
thymidine | deoA: thymidine phosphorylase DeoA | | |
thymidine | deoB: phosphopentomutase | B5D49_RS05410 | B5D49_RS09285 |
thymidine | deoC: deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase | | |
thymidine | nupG: thymidine permease NupG/XapB | | |
trehalose | glk: glucokinase | B5D49_RS04535 | |
trehalose | PsTP: trehalose phosphorylase | | |
trehalose | TRET1: facilitated trehalose transporter Tret1 | | |
tryptophan | tnaA: tryptophanase | | |
tyrosine | Ac3H11_1692: L-tyrosine ABC transporter, ATPase component 2 | B5D49_RS04235 | B5D49_RS00075 |
tyrosine | Ac3H11_1694: L-tyrosine ABC transporter, permease component 2 | B5D49_RS04230 | B5D49_RS00085 |
tyrosine | Ac3H11_1695: L-tyrosine ABC transporter, permease component 1 | B5D49_RS00090 | B5D49_RS04225 |
tyrosine | Ac3H11_2396: L-tyrosine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component component | B5D49_RS04220 | |
tyrosine | atoB: acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase | B5D49_RS03160 | |
tyrosine | fahA: fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase | | |
tyrosine | hmgA: homogentisate dioxygenase | | |
tyrosine | HPD: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase | | |
tyrosine | maiA: maleylacetoacetate isomerase | | |
valine | acdH: isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase | | |
valine | bch: 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase | | |
valine | ech: (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase | | |
valine | epi: methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase | | |
valine | livJ: L-valine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (LivJ/LivK/BraC/BraC3) | B5D49_RS00095 | B5D49_RS04220 |
valine | mcmA: methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, fused catalytic and adenosylcobamide-binding components | | |
valine | mmsA: methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase | B5D49_RS13965 | B5D49_RS04205 |
valine | mmsB: 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase | | |
valine | pccA: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, alpha subunit | B5D49_RS12550 | B5D49_RS04650 |
valine | pccB: propionyl-CoA carboxylase, beta subunit | | |
valine | vorC: branched-chain alpha-ketoacid:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, gamma subunit VorC | | |
xylitol | fruI: xylitol PTS, enzyme IIABC (FruI) | | |
xylitol | x5p-reductase: D-xylulose-5-phosphate 2-reductase | B5D49_RS01275 | |
xylose | xylA: xylose isomerase | | |
xylose | xylB: xylulokinase | | |
xylose | xylT: D-xylose transporter | | |
This GapMind analysis is from Apr 09 2024. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know