GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

citrate catabolism in Alkalihalobacterium alkalinitrilicum DSM 22532

Best path

citM, acn, icd

Rules

Overview: Citrate is utilized via ATP-citrate lyase (link) or by oxidation to 2-oxoglutarate (part of the the TCA cycle, link). MetaCyc does not explicitly represent the TCA cycle as a means for catabolizing citrate, but it is expected to function under respiratory conditions. Fitness data confirms that in diverse bacteria, ATP-citrate lyase is not necessary for aerobic utilization of citrate.

20 steps (8 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
citM citrate:cation:H+ symporter CitM BK574_RS07120
acn aconitase BK574_RS00360
icd isocitrate dehydrogenase BK574_RS22385 BK574_RS22750
Alternative steps:
cimH citrate:H+ symporter CimH
cit1 citrate:H+ symporter Cit1
citA citrate:H+ symporter CitA
citD citrate lyase, acyl carrier component CitD
citE citrate lyase, citryl-ACP lyase component CitE
citF citrate lyase, citrate-ACP transferase component CitF
citS citrate:Na+ symporter CitS
citT citrate:succinate antiporter CitT
citW citrate exchange transporter CitW (with lactate or acetate)
fecB ferric citrate ABC transporter, substrate-binding component FecB
fecC ferric citrate ABC transporter, permease component 1 (FecC) BK574_RS16355 BK574_RS02390
fecD ferric citrate ABC transporter, permease component 2 (FecD) BK574_RS02385 BK574_RS11180
fecE ferric citrate ABC transporter, ATPase component FecE BK574_RS02380 BK574_RS16345
SLC13A5 citrate:Na+ symporter BK574_RS11430
tctA citrate/Na+ symporter, large transmembrane component TctA BK574_RS14520 BK574_RS03575
tctB citrate/Na+ symporter, small transmembrane component TctB
tctC citrate/Na+ symporter, substrate-binding component TctC

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Apr 09 2024. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory