GapMind for Amino acid biosynthesis

 

L-cysteine biosynthesis in Dinoroseobacter shibae DFL-12

Best path

cysE, cysK

Also see fitness data for the top candidates

Rules

Overview: Cysteine biosynthesis in GapMind is based on MetaCyc pathways L-cysteine biosynthesis I from serine and sulfide (link), II (tRNA-dependent) (link), III from serine and homocysteine (link), V (protein-bound thiocarboxylates) (link), VIII via serine kinase (link), or IX via phosphoserine (link). There is no pathway IV. Pathway VI (from serine + methionine) is not included because it is not found in prototrophic bacteria. (It is found in H. pylori, which lacks biosynthesis of homocysteine or methionine; also, it is a supserset of the reactions in pathway III, from serine and homocysteine.) Pathway VII is not included because it requires sulfocysteine, an uncommon precursor. GapMind also describes cysteine biosynthesis with O-succinylserine as an intermediate (PMID:28581482), instead of O-acetylserine (as in pathway I).

15 steps (9 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
cysE serine acetyltransferase Dshi_2161
cysK O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase Dshi_2314 Dshi_0891
Alternative steps:
CBS cystathionine beta-synthase Dshi_0891 Dshi_2314
CGL cystathionine gamma-lyase Dshi_1002 Dshi_2410
cysO sulfur carrier protein CysO
mec [CysO sulfur-carrier protein]-S-L-cysteine hydrolase
moeZ [sulfur carrier protein CysO]--sulfur ligase Dshi_2974 Dshi_0910
Mt_cysM CysO-thiocarboxylate-dependent cysteine synthase Dshi_0891 Dshi_2314
pscS Sep-tRNA:Cys-tRNA synthase
PSSH O-phosphoserine sulfhydrylase Dshi_0891 Dshi_2314
sepS O-phosphoseryl-tRNA ligase
serA 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase Dshi_3318 Dshi_1001
serC 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase Dshi_3317 Dshi_3325
serK serine kinase (ADP-dependent)
SST serine O-succinyltransferase

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
? – known gap: despite the lack of a good candidate for this step, this organism (or a related organism) performs the pathway

This GapMind analysis is from Aug 03 2021. The underlying query database was built on Aug 03 2021.

Links

Downloads

Related tools

About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory