Align Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase large chain, chloroplastic; Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase ammonia chain; Protein VENOSA 3; EC 6.3.5.5 (characterized)
to candidate Synpcc7942_0711 Synpcc7942_0711 carbamoyl phosphate synthase large subunit
Query= SwissProt::Q42601 (1187 letters) >FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 Length = 1097 Score = 1418 bits (3671), Expect = 0.0 Identities = 715/1098 (65%), Positives = 875/1098 (79%), Gaps = 22/1098 (2%) Query: 94 KRTDLKKIMILGAGPIVIGQACEFDYSGTQACKALREEGYEVILINSNPATIMTDPETAN 153 +R D++KI++LG+GPIVIGQACEFDYSGTQACKALREEGYEV+L+NSNPATIMTDPETA+ Sbjct: 3 RRQDIRKILLLGSGPIVIGQACEFDYSGTQACKALREEGYEVVLVNSNPATIMTDPETAD 62 Query: 154 RTYIAPMTPELVEQVIEKERPDALLPTMGGQTALNLAVALAESGALEKYGVELIGAKLGA 213 RTYI P+TPELV QVIE+ERPDALLPTMGGQTALNLAVALA++G L+++GVELIGAKL A Sbjct: 63 RTYIEPLTPELVAQVIERERPDALLPTMGGQTALNLAVALAKNGTLDRFGVELIGAKLEA 122 Query: 214 IKKAEDRELFKDAMKNIGLKTPPSGIGTTLDECFDIAEKIGEFPLIIRPAFTLGGTGGGI 273 I+KAEDR LFK+AM+ IG+K PSGI + E IAE+IG +PLIIRPAFT+GGTGGGI Sbjct: 123 IEKAEDRLLFKEAMERIGVKVCPSGIANNMAEAQAIAEQIGTYPLIIRPAFTMGGTGGGI 182 Query: 274 AYNKEEFESICKSGLAASATSQVLVEKSLLGWKEYELEVMRDLADNVVIICSIENIDPMG 333 AYN+EEFE I +SGL AS SQ+LVE+SL+GWKE+ELEVMRDLADNVVIICSIEN+DPMG Sbjct: 183 AYNQEEFELIVQSGLDASPVSQILVEQSLIGWKEFELEVMRDLADNVVIICSIENLDPMG 242 Query: 334 VHTGDSITVAPAQTLTDREYQRLRDYSIAIIREIGVECGGSNVQFAVNPVDGEVMIIEMN 393 VHTGDSITVAPAQTLTD+EYQRLRD +IAIIREIGVE GGSN+QFA+NP DG+V++IEMN Sbjct: 243 VHTGDSITVAPAQTLTDKEYQRLRDQAIAIIREIGVETGGSNIQFAINPQDGDVIVIEMN 302 Query: 394 PRVSRSSALASKATGFPIAKMAAKLSVGYTLDQIPNDITRKTPASFEPSIDYVVTKIPRF 453 PRVSRSSALASKATGFPIAK+AAKL+VGY+LD++ NDITR+TPASFEP+IDYVVTKIPRF Sbjct: 303 PRVSRSSALASKATGFPIAKIAAKLAVGYSLDELKNDITRQTPASFEPTIDYVVTKIPRF 362 Query: 454 AFEKFPGSQPLLTTQMKSVGESMALGRTFQESFQKALRSLECGFSGWGCAKIKELDWDWD 513 AFEKFPG+ LTT MKSVGE+MA+GRTF ESFQKALRSLE G SGWGC + + L + Sbjct: 363 AFEKFPGTPAQLTTMMKSVGEAMAIGRTFPESFQKALRSLEIGRSGWGCDRPETLP-TLE 421 Query: 514 QLKYSLRVPNPDRIHAIYAAMKKGMKIDEIYELSMVDKWFLTQLKELVDVEQYLMSGTLS 573 Q+K LR P+PDRI A+ AM G+ +IY+L+ +D WFL + +E+++ E +L ++ Sbjct: 422 QIKPQLRTPSPDRIFAVRQAMLLGLSDGDIYQLTGIDPWFLEKFREILEGEDFLKRASIE 481 Query: 574 EITKEDLYEVKKRGFSDKQIAFATKTTEEEVRTKRISLGVVPSYKRVDTCAAEFEAHTPY 633 +IT EVK+ GFSD+QIAFA ++EE VR +R G+ P YK VDTCAAEFEA+TPY Sbjct: 482 QITPAQWLEVKQLGFSDRQIAFALGSSEEAVRQRRQQQGIKPVYKLVDTCAAEFEAYTPY 541 Query: 634 MYSSYD---------------VECESAPNNKKKVLILGGGPNRIGQGIEFDYCCCHTSFA 678 YS Y+ E E P+++ KV+ILGGGPNRIGQGIEFDYCCCH +FA Sbjct: 542 YYSCYESPRSHLAESGLTTIPAESEVRPSDRPKVMILGGGPNRIGQGIEFDYCCCHAAFA 601 Query: 679 LQDAGYETIMLNSNPETVSTDYDTSDRLYFEPLTIEDVLNVIDLEKPDGIIVQFGGQTPL 738 L GYETIM+NSNPETVSTDYDTSDRLYFEPLT EDVLN+++ E+P G+I+QFGGQTPL Sbjct: 602 LAADGYETIMVNSNPETVSTDYDTSDRLYFEPLTREDVLNILEAERPQGVIIQFGGQTPL 661 Query: 739 KLALPIKHYLDKHMPMSLSGAGPVRIWGTSPDSIDAAEDRERFNAILDELKIEQPKGGIA 798 KLA+P++ +L +L +IWGTSPDSID AEDRERF IL +L I QP G+A Sbjct: 662 KLAVPLQTFLQTPEGQALG----TQIWGTSPDSIDTAEDRERFEQILRQLDIAQPANGLA 717 Query: 799 KSEADALAIAKEVGYPVVVRPSYVLGGRAMEIVYDDSRLITYLENAVQVDPERPVLVDKY 858 +S +ALAIA +GYP VVRPSYVLGGRAMEIVY D+ L Y+ AVQV+P+ P+L+DK+ Sbjct: 718 RSPEEALAIAHRIGYPTVVRPSYVLGGRAMEIVYSDAELERYMTEAVQVEPDHPILIDKF 777 Query: 859 LSDAIEIDVDTLTDSYGNVVIGGIMEHIEQAGVHSGDSACMLPTQTIPASCLQTIRTWTT 918 L +AIE+DVD L D G VVIGGIMEHIEQAG+HSGDSAC LPT ++ + L+TIR WTT Sbjct: 778 LENAIEVDVDALADRTGQVVIGGIMEHIEQAGIHSGDSACSLPTVSLNETVLETIRAWTT 837 Query: 919 KLAKKLNVCGLMNCQYAITTSGDVFLLEANPRASRTVPFVSKAIGHPLAKYAALVMSGKS 978 +LAK LNV GLMN Q+A+ V++LEANPRASRTVPFVSKAIG PLAK AA +MSG++ Sbjct: 838 QLAKALNVIGLMNIQFAVKDE-QVYILEANPRASRTVPFVSKAIGRPLAKIAARLMSGQT 896 Query: 979 LKDLNFEKEVIPKHVSVKEAVFPFEKFQGCDVILGPEMRSTGEVMSISSEFSSAFAMAQI 1038 L DL E++P ++SVKEAV PF++F G D +LGPEMRSTGEVM I +F AFA A++ Sbjct: 897 LADLGITSELVPSYLSVKEAVLPFDRFPGTDTLLGPEMRSTGEVMGIDVDFGRAFAKAEL 956 Query: 1039 AAGQKLPLSGTVFLSLNDMTKPHLEKIAVSFLELGFKIVATSGTAHFLELKGIPVERVLK 1098 AA Q+LP GTVF+S++D K + IA FL+LGF++VAT GT L + + VE +LK Sbjct: 957 AASQRLPRQGTVFISVSDRDKAAIGPIAREFLQLGFRVVATGGTQKVLAEQRLSVEPILK 1016 Query: 1099 LHEGRPHAADMVANGQIHLMLITSSGDALDQKDGRQLRQMALAYKVPVITTVAGALATAE 1158 +HEGRPH D + N QI L++ T +G A + D + +R+ AL YKVP +TT+AGA AT E Sbjct: 1017 VHEGRPHVLDALKNDQIQLIINTPAG-ARAKVDDQIIRRAALDYKVPTVTTIAGAKATVE 1075 Query: 1159 GIKSLKSSAIKMTALQDF 1176 I++L +++ +LQD+ Sbjct: 1076 AIRALLEQPLQVKSLQDY 1093 Score = 240 bits (612), Expect = 5e-67 Identities = 150/420 (35%), Positives = 229/420 (54%), Gaps = 19/420 (4%) Query: 75 PVSELADT--TTKPFSPEIVGKRTDLKKIMILGAGPIVIGQACEFDYSGTQACKALREEG 132 P S LA++ TT P E+ + +D K+MILG GP IGQ EFDY A AL +G Sbjct: 549 PRSHLAESGLTTIPAESEV--RPSDRPKVMILGGGPNRIGQGIEFDYCCCHAAFALAADG 606 Query: 133 YEVILINSNPATIMTDPETANRTYIAPMTPELVEQVIEKERPDALLPTMGGQTALNLAVA 192 YE I++NSNP T+ TD +T++R Y P+T E V ++E ERP ++ GGQT L LAV Sbjct: 607 YETIMVNSNPETVSTDYDTSDRLYFEPLTREDVLNILEAERPQGVIIQFGGQTPLKLAVP 666 Query: 193 L---AESGALEKYGVELIGAKLGAIKKAEDRELFKDAMKNIGLKTPPSGIGTTLDECFDI 249 L ++ + G ++ G +I AEDRE F+ ++ + + P +G+ + +E I Sbjct: 667 LQTFLQTPEGQALGTQIWGTSPDSIDTAEDRERFEQILRQLDIAQPANGLARSPEEALAI 726 Query: 250 AEKIGEFPLIIRPAFTLGGTGGGIAYNKEEFESICKSGLAASATSQVLVEKSLLGWKEYE 309 A +IG +P ++RP++ LGG I Y+ E E + +L++K L E + Sbjct: 727 AHRIG-YPTVVRPSYVLGGRAMEIVYSDAELERYMTEAVQVEPDHPILIDKFLENAIEVD 785 Query: 310 LEVMRDLADNVVIICSIENIDPMGVHTGDSITVAPAQTLTDREYQRLRDYSIAIIREIGV 369 ++ + D VVI +E+I+ G+H+GDS P +L + + +R ++ + + + V Sbjct: 786 VDALADRTGQVVIGGIMEHIEQAGIHSGDSACSLPTVSLNETVLETIRAWTTQLAKALNV 845 Query: 370 ECGGSNVQFAVNPVDGEVMIIEMNPRVSRSSALASKATGFPIAKMAAKLSVGYTLDQIPN 429 G N+QFAV D +V I+E NPR SR+ SKA G P+AK+AA+L G TL + Sbjct: 846 -IGLMNIQFAVK--DEQVYILEANPRASRTVPFVSKAIGRPLAKIAARLMSGQTLADL-- 900 Query: 430 DITRKTPASFEPSIDYVVTKIPRFAFEKFPGSQPLLTTQMKSVGESMALGRTFQESFQKA 489 IT + S Y+ K F++FPG+ LL +M+S GE M + F +F KA Sbjct: 901 GITSELVPS------YLSVKEAVLPFDRFPGTDTLLGPEMRSTGEVMGIDVDFGRAFAKA 954 Lambda K H 0.317 0.133 0.383 Gapped Lambda K H 0.267 0.0410 0.140 Matrix: BLOSUM62 Gap Penalties: Existence: 11, Extension: 1 Number of Sequences: 1 Number of Hits to DB: 3232 Number of extensions: 126 Number of successful extensions: 16 Number of sequences better than 1.0e-02: 1 Number of HSP's gapped: 2 Number of HSP's successfully gapped: 2 Length of query: 1187 Length of database: 1097 Length adjustment: 46 Effective length of query: 1141 Effective length of database: 1051 Effective search space: 1199191 Effective search space used: 1199191 Neighboring words threshold: 11 Window for multiple hits: 40 X1: 16 ( 7.3 bits) X2: 38 (14.6 bits) X3: 64 (24.7 bits) S1: 41 (21.7 bits) S2: 58 (26.9 bits)
Align candidate Synpcc7942_0711 Synpcc7942_0711 (carbamoyl phosphate synthase large subunit)
to HMM TIGR01369 (carB: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, large subunit (EC 6.3.5.5))
# hmmsearch :: search profile(s) against a sequence database # HMMER 3.3.1 (Jul 2020); http://hmmer.org/ # Copyright (C) 2020 Howard Hughes Medical Institute. # Freely distributed under the BSD open source license. # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - # query HMM file: ../tmp/path.aa/TIGR01369.hmm # target sequence database: /tmp/gapView.22778.genome.faa # - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Query: TIGR01369 [M=1052] Accession: TIGR01369 Description: CPSaseII_lrg: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, large subunit Scores for complete sequences (score includes all domains): --- full sequence --- --- best 1 domain --- -#dom- E-value score bias E-value score bias exp N Sequence Description ------- ------ ----- ------- ------ ----- ---- -- -------- ----------- 0 1500.1 0.0 0 1499.9 0.0 1.0 1 lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 Synpcc7942_0711 carbamoyl phosph Domain annotation for each sequence (and alignments): >> lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 Synpcc7942_0711 carbamoyl phosphate synthase large subunit # score bias c-Evalue i-Evalue hmmfrom hmm to alifrom ali to envfrom env to acc --- ------ ----- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ---- 1 ! 1499.9 0.0 0 0 1 1052 [] 2 1077 .. 2 1077 .. 0.97 Alignments for each domain: == domain 1 score: 1499.9 bits; conditional E-value: 0 TIGR01369 1 pkredikkvlviGsGpivigqAaEFDYsGsqalkalkeegievvLvnsniAtvmtdeeladkvYieP 67 p+r+di+k+l++GsGpivigqA+EFDYsG+qa+kal+eeg+evvLvnsn+At+mtd+e ad++YieP lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 2 PRRQDIRKILLLGSGPIVIGQACEFDYSGTQACKALREEGYEVVLVNSNPATIMTDPETADRTYIEP 68 5799*************************************************************** PP TIGR01369 68 ltveavekiiekErpDailltlGGqtaLnlaveleekGvLekygvkllGtkveaikkaedRekFkea 134 lt+e v+++ie+ErpDa+l+t+GGqtaLnlav l ++G L+++gv+l+G+k+eai+kaedR +Fkea lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 69 LTPELVAQVIERERPDALLPTMGGQTALNLAVALAKNGTLDRFGVELIGAKLEAIEKAEDRLLFKEA 135 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 135 lkeineevakseivesveealeaaeeig.yPvivRaaftlgGtGsgiaeneeelkelvekalkaspi 200 ++ i+++v s i+++++ea+++ae+ig yP+i+R+aft+gGtG+gia+n+ee++ +v+++l+asp+ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 136 MERIGVKVCPSGIANNMAEAQAIAEQIGtYPLIIRPAFTMGGTGGGIAYNQEEFELIVQSGLDASPV 202 ***************************889************************************* PP TIGR01369 201 kqvlvekslagwkEiEyEvvRDskdnciivcniEnlDplGvHtGdsivvaPsqtLtdkeyqllRdas 267 +q+lve+sl gwkE+E+Ev+RD +dn++i+c+iEnlDp+GvHtGdsi+vaP+qtLtdkeyq+lRd++ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 203 SQILVEQSLIGWKEFELEVMRDLADNVVIICSIENLDPMGVHTGDSITVAPAQTLTDKEYQRLRDQA 269 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 268 lkiirelgvege.cnvqfaldPeskryvviEvnpRvsRssALAskAtGyPiAkvaaklavGysLdel 333 ++iire+gve++ +n+qfa++P++ +++viE+npRvsRssALAskAtG+PiAk+aaklavGysLdel lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 270 IAIIREIGVETGgSNIQFAINPQDGDVIVIEMNPRVSRSSALASKATGFPIAKIAAKLAVGYSLDEL 336 **********988****************************************************** PP TIGR01369 334 kndvtketvAsfEPslDYvvvkiPrwdldkfekvdrklgtqmksvGEvmaigrtfeealqkalrsle 400 knd+t++t+AsfEP++DYvv+kiPr++++kf ++ +l+t+mksvGE maigrtf e++qkalrsle lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 337 KNDITRQTPASFEPTIDYVVTKIPRFAFEKFPGTPAQLTTMMKSVGEAMAIGRTFPESFQKALRSLE 403 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 401 ekllg..lklkekeaesdeeleealkkpndrRlfaiaealrrgvsveevyeltkidrffleklkklv 465 ++ +g ++ + ++ + e+++ +l++p+++R+fa+ +a+ g+s ++y+lt id +flek+++++ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 404 IGRSGwgCDRP-ETLPTLEQIKPQLRTPSPDRIFAVRQAMLLGLSDGDIYQLTGIDPWFLEKFREIL 469 ***99434444.44556678899******************************************** PP TIGR01369 466 elekeleeeklkelkkellkkakklGfsdeqiaklvkvseaevrklrkelgivpvvkrvDtvaaEfe 532 e e l++ ++++++ ++ ++k+lGfsd+qia ++++se++vr+ r+++gi pv+k vDt+aaEfe lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 470 EGEDFLKRASIEQITPAQWLEVKQLGFSDRQIAFALGSSEEAVRQRRQQQGIKPVYKLVDTCAAEFE 536 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 533 aktpYlYstyeee..............kddvevtekkkvlvlGsGpiRigqgvEFDycavhavlalr 585 a tpY+Ys ye+ + +v+ +++ kv++lG+Gp+Rigqg+EFDyc+ ha+ al lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 537 AYTPYYYSCYESPrshlaesglttipaESEVRPSDRPKVMILGGGPNRIGQGIEFDYCCCHAAFALA 603 ***********9878888899999988889999999******************************* PP TIGR01369 586 eagyktilinynPEtvstDydiadrLyFeeltvedvldiiekekvegvivqlgGqtalnlakelee. 651 gy+ti++n+nPEtvstDyd++drLyFe+lt edvl+i+e e+++gvi+q+gGqt+l+la l+ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 604 ADGYETIMVNSNPETVSTDYDTSDRLYFEPLTREDVLNILEAERPQGVIIQFGGQTPLKLAVPLQTf 670 *************************************************************999752 PP TIGR01369 652 ........agvkilGtsaesidraEdRekFsklldelgikqpkgkeatsveeakeiakeigyPvlvR 710 g++i Gts++sid+aEdRe+F+++l++l+i qp++ a+s eea ia++igyP +vR lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 671 lqtpegqaLGTQIWGTSPDSIDTAEDRERFEQILRQLDIAQPANGLARSPEEALAIAHRIGYPTVVR 737 222221114699******************************************************* PP TIGR01369 711 psyvlgGrameiveneeeleryleeavevskekPvlidkyledavEvdvDavadg.eevliagileH 776 psyvlgGrameiv++++elery++eav+v +++P+lidk+le+a+EvdvDa+ad ++v+i gi+eH lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 738 PSYVLGGRAMEIVYSDAELERYMTEAVQVEPDHPILIDKFLENAIEVDVDALADRtGQVVIGGIMEH 804 *****************************************************96369********* PP TIGR01369 777 iEeaGvHsGDstlvlppqklseevkkkikeivkkiakelkvkGllniqfvvkdeevyviEvnvRasR 843 iE+aG+HsGDs+++lp+ +l+e v+++i++ ++++ak+l+v Gl+niqf+vkde+vy++E+n+RasR lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 805 IEQAGIHSGDSACSLPTVSLNETVLETIRAWTTQLAKALNVIGLMNIQFAVKDEQVYILEANPRASR 871 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 844 tvPfvskalgvplvklavkvllgkkleelekgvkkekksklvavkaavfsfsklagvdvvlgpemks 910 tvPfvska+g pl+k+a++++ g++l++ g+++e +++++vk+av++f ++ g+d +lgpem+s lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 872 TVPFVSKAIGRPLAKIAARLMSGQTLAD--LGITSELVPSYLSVKEAVLPFDRFPGTDTLLGPEMRS 936 ****************************..668999******************************* PP TIGR01369 911 tGEvmgigrdleeallkallaskakikkkgsvllsvkdkdkeellelakklaekglkvyategtakv 977 tGEvmgi+ d+ +a++ka la++++++++g+v++sv+d+dk ++ ++a+++ ++g++v+at gt+kv lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 937 TGEVMGIDVDFGRAFAKAELAASQRLPRQGTVFISVSDRDKAAIGPIAREFLQLGFRVVATGGTQKV 1003 ******************************************************************* PP TIGR01369 978 leeagikaevvlkvseeaekilellkeeeielvinltskkkkaaekgykirreaveykvplvtelet 1044 l+e+ ++e +lkv+e ++++l++lk+++i+l+in+++ +++a+ ++ +irr+a++ykvp+vt++++ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 1004 LAEQRLSVEPILKVHEGRPHVLDALKNDQIQLIINTPA-GARAKVDDQIIRRAALDYKVPTVTTIAG 1069 ***********************************998.77788899******************** PP TIGR01369 1045 aealleal 1052 a+a++ea+ lcl|FitnessBrowser__SynE:Synpcc7942_0711 1070 AKATVEAI 1077 ****9985 PP Internal pipeline statistics summary: ------------------------------------- Query model(s): 1 (1052 nodes) Target sequences: 1 (1097 residues searched) Passed MSV filter: 1 (1); expected 0.0 (0.02) Passed bias filter: 1 (1); expected 0.0 (0.02) Passed Vit filter: 1 (1); expected 0.0 (0.001) Passed Fwd filter: 1 (1); expected 0.0 (1e-05) Initial search space (Z): 1 [actual number of targets] Domain search space (domZ): 1 [number of targets reported over threshold] # CPU time: 0.06u 0.02s 00:00:00.08 Elapsed: 00:00:00.08 # Mc/sec: 13.13 // [ok]
This GapMind analysis is from Apr 09 2024. The underlying query database was built on Apr 09 2024.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:
Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:
Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
For more information, see:
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know
by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory