Overview: L-arabinose utilization in GapMind is based on MetaCyc pathways L-arabinose degradation I, via xylulose 5-phosphate (link); III, oxidation to 2-oxoglutarate (link); and IV, via glycolaldehyde (link). Pathway II via xylitol and xylulose is not represented in GapMind because it is not reported in prokaryotes (link).
Or see definitions of steps
| Step | Description | Best candidate | 2nd candidate |
|---|---|---|---|
| araE | L-arabinose:H+ symporter | ||
| araA | L-arabinose isomerase | ||
| araB | ribulokinase | ||
| araD | L-ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase | ||
| Alternative steps: | |||
| aldA | (glycol)aldehyde dehydrogenase | PP_0213 | PP_1481 |
| aldox-large | (glycol)aldehyde oxidoreductase, large subunit | ||
| aldox-med | (glycol)aldehyde oxidoreductase, medium subunit | PP_3309 | |
| aldox-small | (glycol)aldehyde oxidoreductase, small subunit | PP_3308 | PP_3947 |
| araF | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component AraF | ||
| araG | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component AraG | PP_2455 | PP_2759 |
| araH | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component AraH | ||
| araS | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component AraS | ||
| araT | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (AraT) | ||
| araU | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (AraU) | ||
| araUsh | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component AraU(Sh) | ||
| araV | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component AraV | PP_1018 | PP_1484 |
| araVsh | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component AraV(Sh) | PP_2759 | PP_2455 |
| araWsh | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 1 AraW(Sh) | ||
| araZsh | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 2 AraZ(Sh) | PP_2456 | |
| BT0355 | L-arabinose:Na+ symporter | ||
| chvE | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component ChvE | ||
| Echvi_1880 | L-arabinose:Na+ symporter | ||
| gguA | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component GguA | PP_2759 | PP_2455 |
| gguB | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component GguB | ||
| glcB | malate synthase | PP_0356 | |
| gyaR | glyoxylate reductase | PP_1261 | PP_3376 |
| KDG-aldolase | 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate aldolase | ||
| xacB | L-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase | PP_1817 | PP_1946 |
| xacC | L-arabinono-1,4-lactonase | PP_1170 | PP_3180 |
| xacD | L-arabinonate dehydratase | PP_1010 | PP_5128 |
| xacE | 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-L-arabinonate dehydratase | PP_2036 | |
| xacF | alpha-ketoglutarate semialdehyde dehydrogenase | PP_3602 | PP_1256 |
| xacG | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component XacG | ||
| xacH | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (XacH) | PP_1016 | |
| xacI | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (XacI) | PP_1017 | |
| xacJ | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component 1 (XacJ) | PP_1018 | PP_0411 |
| xacK | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component 2 (XacK) | PP_1018 | PP_0411 |
| xylFsa | L-arabinose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component XylF | ||
| xylGsa | L-arabinose ABC transporter, ATPase component XylG | PP_2759 | PP_5168 |
| xylHsa | L-arabinose ABC transporter, permease component XylH | ||
Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.
This GapMind analysis is from Sep 17 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:
Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:
Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
For more information, see:
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know
by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory