GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

L-phenylalanine catabolism in Nautilia profundicola AmH

Best path

aroP, PAH, PCBD, QDPR, HPD, hmgA, maiA, fahA, aacS, atoB

Rules

Overview: Phenylalanine utilization in GapMind is based on MetaCyc pathway L-phenylalanine degradation I (aerobic, via tyrosine, link), pathway II (anaerobic, via phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase, link), degradation via phenylpyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PMC3346364), or degradation via phenylacetaldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PMID:24214948). (MetaCyc describes additional pathways, but they do not result in carbon incorporation or are not reported in prokaryotes, so they are not included in GapMind.)

76 steps (20 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
aroP L-phenylalanine:H+ symporter AroP
PAH phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase
PCBD pterin-4-alpha-carbinoalamine dehydratase
QDPR 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase
HPD 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
hmgA homogentisate dioxygenase
maiA maleylacetoacetate isomerase
fahA fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
aacS acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase NAMH_RS06715
atoB acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
Alternative steps:
ARO10 phenylpyruvate decarboxylase
ARO8 L-phenylalanine transaminase NAMH_RS04070 NAMH_RS02330
atoA acetoacetyl-CoA transferase, A subunit
atoD acetoacetyl-CoA transferase, B subunit
badH 2-hydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA dehydrogenase NAMH_RS01445 NAMH_RS07875
badI 2-ketocyclohexanecarboxyl-CoA hydrolase
badK cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA hydratase
bamB class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamB subunit
bamC class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamC subunit
bamD class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamD subunit
bamE class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamE subunit
bamF class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamF subunit
bamG class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamG subunit
bamH class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamH subunit
bamI class II benzoyl-CoA reductase, BamI subunit
bcrA ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA reductase, alpha subunit
bcrB ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA reductase, beta subunit
bcrC ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA reductase, gamma subunit
bcrD ATP-dependent benzoyl-CoA reductase, delta subunit
boxA benzoyl-CoA epoxidase, subunit A
boxB benzoyl-CoA epoxidase, subunit B
boxC 2,3-epoxybenzoyl-CoA dihydrolase
boxD 3,4-dehydroadipyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Ch1CoA cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase
dch cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxyl-CoA hydratase
ech (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase
fadB (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase NAMH_RS01445
gcdH glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase
had 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA dehydrogenase
iorA phenylpyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, IorA subunit NAMH_RS04895
iorAB phenylpyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, fused IorA/IorB
iorB phenylpyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, IorB subunit NAMH_RS04890
livF L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, ATPase component 1 (LivF) NAMH_RS01040 NAMH_RS03905
livG L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, ATPase component 2 (LivG) NAMH_RS01035 NAMH_RS03905
livH L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (LivH) NAMH_RS00405
livJ L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component LivJ/LivK NAMH_RS00390
livM L-phenylalanine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (LivM) NAMH_RS00410
oah 6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA hydratase
paaA phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit A
paaB phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit B
paaC phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit C
paaE phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase, subunit E
paaF 2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase
paaG 1,2-epoxyphenylacetyl-CoA isomerase / 2-(oxepinyl)acetyl-CoA isomerase / didehydroadipyl-CoA isomerase
paaH 3-hydroxyadipyl-CoA dehydrogenase NAMH_RS01445
paaJ1 3-oxo-5,6-dehydrosuberyl-CoA thiolase
paaJ2 3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase
paaK phenylacetate-CoA ligase NAMH_RS04880
paaZ1 oxepin-CoA hydrolase
paaZ2 3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde dehydrogenase
pad-dh phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase NAMH_RS07680
padB phenylacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, PadB subunit
padC phenylacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, PadC subunit NAMH_RS07470
padD phenylacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, PadD subunit
padE phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase, gamma subunit NAMH_RS01190
padF phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase, delta subunit NAMH_RS01195
padG phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase, alpha subunit NAMH_RS01200
padH phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase, epsilon subunit
padI phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase, beta subunit NAMH_RS01205
pfor phenylacetaldeyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase
pimB 3-oxopimeloyl-CoA:CoA acetyltransferase
pimC pimeloyl-CoA dehydrogenase, small subunit
pimD pimeloyl-CoA dehydrogenase, large subunit
pimF 6-carboxyhex-2-enoyl-CoA hydratase
PPDCalpha phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, alpha subunit
PPDCbeta phenylpyruvate decarboxylase, beta subunit NAMH_RS03820

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory