GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

D-fructose catabolism in Megamonas funiformis YIT 11815

Best path

fruII-ABC, 1pfk, fba, tpi

Rules

Overview: Many bacteria take up fructose by a phosphotransferase (PTS) system that forms fructose 1-phosphate; this can be consumed via 1-phosphofructokinase and glycolysis (link). Alternatively, some PTS systems form fructose 6-phosphate, which is a central metabolic intermediate. Fructose can also be taken up directly and then phosphorylated to fructose 6-phosphate, a central metabolic intermediate. Another path is known in Aeromonas hydrophila -- phosphofructomutase converts fructose 1-phosphate (formed by a PTS system) to fructose 6-phosphate (PMID:9579084). This path is not included in GapMind because phosphofructomutase has not been linked to sequence. Also, in eukaryotes, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase is reported to cleave fructose 1-phosphate to glycerone phosphate and glyceraldehyde (link). This would make 1-phosphofructokinase unnececessary. It's not clear that this occurs in prokaryotes, so this is not listed.

37 steps (19 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
fruII-ABC fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-ABC components HMPREF9454_RS08300 HMPREF9454_RS06610
1pfk 1-phosphofructokinase HMPREF9454_RS08295
fba fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase HMPREF9454_RS06040 HMPREF9454_RS06615
tpi triose-phosphate isomerase HMPREF9454_RS03395 HMPREF9454_RS03400
Alternative steps:
araS fructose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component AraS
araT fructose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (AraT)
araU fructose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (AraU)
araV fructose ABC transporter, ATPase component AraV HMPREF9454_RS05390 HMPREF9454_RS00035
BT1758 fructose transporter
ffz fructose facilitator (uniporter)
frcA fructose ABC transporter, ATPase component FrcA
frcB fructose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component FrcB
frcC fructose ABC transporter, permease component FrcC
frt1 fructose:H+ symporter Frt1
fruA fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-B'BC components HMPREF9454_RS08300 HMPREF9454_RS06610
fruB fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), Hpr and EII-A components
fruD fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-A component HMPREF9454_RS06605
fruE fructose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component FruE
fruF fructose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (FruF)
fruG fructose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (FruG)
fruI fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EI, Hpr, and EII-A components HMPREF9454_RS09390
fruII-A fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-A component HMPREF9454_RS08300 HMPREF9454_RS06605
fruII-B fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-B component HMPREF9454_RS08300 HMPREF9454_RS06610
fruII-C fructose-specific PTS system (fructose 1-phosphate forming), EII-C component HMPREF9454_RS06610 HMPREF9454_RS08300
fruK fructose ABC transporter, ATPase component FruK
fruP fructose porter FruP HMPREF9454_RS03085 HMPREF9454_RS06625
ght6 high-affinity fructose transporter ght6
glcP fructose:H+ symporter GlcP HMPREF9454_RS09490 HMPREF9454_RS09235
levD fructose PTS system (fructose 6-phosphate forming), EII-A component HMPREF9454_RS07880 HMPREF9454_RS08335
levDE fructose PTS system (fructose 6-phosphate forming), EII-AB component
levE fructose PTS system (fructose 6-phosphate forming), EII-B component HMPREF9454_RS07875
levF fructose PTS system (fructose 6-phosphate forming), EII-C component HMPREF9454_RS07870
levG fructose PTS system (fructose 6-phosphate forming), EII-D component HMPREF9454_RS07865 HMPREF9454_RS10755
scrK fructokinase HMPREF9454_RS09110 HMPREF9454_RS07600
Slc2a5 fructose:H+ symporter HMPREF9454_RS09235 HMPREF9454_RS09490
STP6 sugar transport protein 6
THT2A fructose THT2A

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory