GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

D-cellobiose catabolism in Galbibacter marinus ck-I2-15

Best path

bgl, MFS-glucose, glk

Rules

Overview: MetaCyc does not list any pathways for cellobiose utilization, but the major catabolic enzymes are believed to be intracellular cellobiase, periplasmic cellobiase, cellobiose-6-phosphate hydrolase, or cellobiose phosphorylase (PMID:28535986). These pathways all lead to glucose-6-phosphate, which is a central metabolic intermediate. There also may be a 3-ketoglucoside pathway in some Bacteroidetes, but this is not characterized.

73 steps (19 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
bgl cellobiase I215_RS02980 I215_RS01550
MFS-glucose glucose transporter, MFS superfamily I215_RS03100 I215_RS06545
glk glucokinase I215_RS15275
Alternative steps:
aglE' glucose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (AglE)
aglF' glucose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (AglF)
aglG' glucose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (AglG)
aglK' glucose ABC transporter, ATPase component (AglK) I215_RS01415 I215_RS11685
ascB 6-phosphocellobiose hydrolase
bglF glucose PTS, enzyme II (BCA components, BglF)
bglG cellobiose PTS system, EII-BC or EII-BCA components
bglT cellobiose transporter BglT
cbp cellobiose phosphorylase
cbpB cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component CpbB
cbpC cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component CbpC
cbtA cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component CbtA
cbtB cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (CbtB)
cbtC cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (CbtC)
cbtD cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component 1 (CbtD) I215_RS00120 I215_RS11685
cbtF cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component 2 (CbtF)
cdt cellobiose transporter cdt-1/cdt-2 I215_RS06545
cebE cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component CebE
cebF cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (CebF)
cebG cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (CebG)
celEIIA cellobiose PTS system, EII-A component
celEIIB cellobiose PTS system, EII-B component
celEIIC cellobiose PTS system, EII-C component
crr glucose PTS, enzyme IIA
eda 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate aldolase I215_RS07755
edd phosphogluconate dehydratase I215_RS03580
gadh1 gluconate 2-dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit
gadh2 gluconate 2-dehydrogenase cytochrome c subunit
gadh3 gluconate 2-dehydrogenase subunit 3
gdh quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase I215_RS14365
glcS glucose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (GlcS)
glcT glucose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (GlcT)
glcU glucose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (GlcU)
glcU' Glucose uptake protein GlcU
glcV glucose ABC transporter, ATPase component (GclV) I215_RS01415 I215_RS11685
gnl gluconolactonase I215_RS06745
gtsA glucose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (GtsA)
gtsB glucose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (GtsB)
gtsC glucose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (GtsC)
gtsD glucose ABC transporter, ATPase component (GtsD) I215_RS01415 I215_RS11685
kguD 2-keto-6-phosphogluconate reductase I215_RS03675
kguK 2-ketogluconokinase
kguT 2-ketogluconate transporter
manX glucose PTS, enzyme EIIAB
manY glucose PTS, enzyme EIIC
manZ glucose PTS, enzyme EIID
mglA glucose ABC transporter, ATP-binding component (MglA)
mglB glucose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component
mglC glucose ABC transporter, permease component (MglC)
msdB1 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (MsdB1)
msdB2 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 2 (MsdB2)
msdC1 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (MsdC1)
msdC2 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1 (MsdC2)
msiK cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component I215_RS01415 I215_RS11685
PAST-A proton-associated sugar transporter A
pgmA alpha-phosphoglucomutase I215_RS02555 I215_RS10625
ptsG glucose PTS, enzyme IICB
ptsG-crr glucose PTS, enzyme II (CBA components, PtsG)
SemiSWEET Sugar transporter SemiSWEET
SMc04256 cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component I215_RS01415 I215_RS11685
SMc04257 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1
SMc04258 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 2
SMc04259 cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding protein
SSS-glucose Sodium/glucose cotransporter I215_RS14430 I215_RS04625
SWEET1 bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET1
TM0027 cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component 2 I215_RS00120 I215_RS11685
TM0028 cellobiose ABC transporter, ATPase component 1 I215_RS11685
TM0029 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 2
TM0030 cellobiose ABC transporter, permease component 1
TM0031 cellobiose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory