Pathway | Step | Score | Similar to | Id. | Cov. | Bits | Other hit | Other id. | Other bits |
L-proline catabolism | opuBA | lo | BilEA aka OpuBA protein, component of A proline/glycine betaine uptake system. Also reported to be a bile exclusion system that exports oxgall and other bile compounds, BilEA/EB or OpuBA/BB (required for normal virulence) (characterized) | 39% | 86% | 201.8 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-proline catabolism | proV | lo | glycine betaine/l-proline transport atp-binding protein prov (characterized) | 39% | 59% | 175.6 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-alanine catabolism | Pf6N2E2_5405 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Alanine, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 93% | 164.1 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | thuK | lo | Trehalose/maltose import ATP-binding protein MalK; EC 7.5.2.1 (characterized) | 38% | 68% | 157.1 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
trehalose catabolism | thuK | lo | Trehalose/maltose import ATP-binding protein MalK; EC 7.5.2.1 (characterized) | 38% | 68% | 157.1 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-histidine catabolism | hutV | lo | ABC transporter for L-Histidine, ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 84% | 154.8 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
xylitol catabolism | Dshi_0546 | lo | ABC transporter for Xylitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 73% | 151.8 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-fucose catabolism | SM_b21106 | lo | ABC transporter for L-Fucose, ATPase component (characterized) | 36% | 67% | 151.4 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-arginine catabolism | artP | lo | Probable ATP-binding component of ABC transporter, component of Amino acid transporter, PA5152-PA5155. Probably transports numerous amino acids including lysine, arginine, histidine, D-alanine and D-valine (Johnson et al. 2008). Regulated by ArgR (characterized) | 32% | 97% | 150.6 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-histidine catabolism | hisP | lo | Probable ATP-binding component of ABC transporter, component of Amino acid transporter, PA5152-PA5155. Probably transports numerous amino acids including lysine, arginine, histidine, D-alanine and D-valine (Johnson et al. 2008). Regulated by ArgR (characterized) | 32% | 97% | 150.6 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-lysine catabolism | hisP | lo | Probable ATP-binding component of ABC transporter, component of Amino acid transporter, PA5152-PA5155. Probably transports numerous amino acids including lysine, arginine, histidine, D-alanine and D-valine (Johnson et al. 2008). Regulated by ArgR (characterized) | 32% | 97% | 150.6 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-histidine catabolism | aapP | lo | ABC transporter for L-Glutamine, L-Histidine, and other L-amino acids, ATPase component (characterized) | 34% | 91% | 149.8 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-proline catabolism | hutV | lo | HutV aka HISV aka R02702 aka SMC00670, component of Uptake system for hisitidine, proline, proline-betaine and glycine-betaine (characterized) | 37% | 82% | 149.4 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
putrescine catabolism | potA | lo | PotG aka B0855, component of Putrescine porter (characterized) | 37% | 62% | 148.3 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 33% | 93% | 147.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 33% | 93% | 147.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-glutamate catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 33% | 93% | 147.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-leucine catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 33% | 93% | 147.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-proline catabolism | aapP | lo | AapP, component of General L-amino acid porter; transports basic and acidic amino acids preferentially, but also transports aliphatic amino acids (catalyzes both uptake and efflux) (characterized) | 33% | 93% | 147.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-asparagine catabolism | aatP | lo | ABC transporter for L-Asparagine and possibly other L-amino acids, putative ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 89% | 147.5 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-aspartate catabolism | aatP | lo | ABC transporter for L-Asparagine and possibly other L-amino acids, putative ATPase component (characterized) | 37% | 89% | 147.5 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-mannitol catabolism | mtlK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Mannitol, D-Mannose, and D-Mannose, ATPase component (characterized) | 33% | 78% | 145.2 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacJ | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacJ; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 37% | 63% | 143.7 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-sorbitol (glucitol) catabolism | mtlK | lo | ABC transporter for D-Mannitol, D-Mannose, and D-Sorbitol, ATPase component (characterized) | 34% | 66% | 143.7 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-asparagine catabolism | bgtA | lo | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 91% | 143.3 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-aspartate catabolism | bgtA | lo | ATPase (characterized, see rationale) | 34% | 91% | 143.3 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
sucrose catabolism | thuK | lo | ABC transporter (characterized, see rationale) | 35% | 63% | 142.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
lactose catabolism | lacK | lo | ABC transporter for Lactose, ATPase component (characterized) | 35% | 70% | 141.4 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-glucosamine (chitosamine) catabolism | AO353_21725 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Glucosamine, putative ATPase component (characterized) | 33% | 95% | 139.4 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK1 | lo | MalK; aka Sugar ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein, component of The maltose, maltotriose, mannotetraose (MalE1)/maltose, maltotriose, trehalose (MalE2) porter (Nanavati et al., 2005). For MalG1 (823aas) and MalG2 (833aas), the C-terminal transmembrane domain with 6 putative TMSs is preceded by a single N-terminal TMS and a large (600 residue) hydrophilic region showing sequence similarity to MLP1 and 2 (9.A.14; e-12 & e-7) as well as other proteins (characterized) | 37% | 64% | 139 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | SMc04256 | lo | ABC transporter for D-Cellobiose and D-Salicin, ATPase component (characterized) | 35% | 65% | 137.5 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | musK | lo | ABC-type maltose transporter (EC 7.5.2.1) (characterized) | 32% | 77% | 136.7 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-arabinose catabolism | xacK | lo | Xylose/arabinose import ATP-binding protein XacK; EC 7.5.2.13 (characterized, see rationale) | 35% | 70% | 136.3 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-glucose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
lactose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-mannose catabolism | TT_C0211 | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
sucrose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
trehalose catabolism | gtsD | lo | Sugar-binding transport ATP-binding protein aka MalK1 aka TT_C0211, component of The trehalose/maltose/sucrose/palatinose porter (TTC1627-9) plus MalK1 (ABC protein, shared with 3.A.1.1.24) (Silva et al. 2005; Chevance et al., 2006). The receptor (TTC1627) binds disaccharide alpha-glycosides, namely trehalose (alpha-1,1), sucrose (alpha-1,2), maltose (alpha-1,4), palatinose (alpha-1,6) and glucose (characterized) | 35% | 67% | 136 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK | lo | Maltose-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.19) (characterized) | 33% | 66% | 135.2 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-citrulline catabolism | PS417_17605 | lo | ATP-binding cassette domain-containing protein; SubName: Full=Amino acid transporter; SubName: Full=Histidine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein; SubName: Full=Histidine transport system ATP-binding protein (characterized, see rationale) | 32% | 90% | 132.9 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
glycerol catabolism | glpS | lo | ABC transporter for Glycerol, ATPase component 1 (characterized) | 33% | 67% | 126.3 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
L-tryptophan catabolism | ecfA1 | lo | Energy-coupling factor transporter ATP-binding protein EcfA1; Short=ECF transporter A component EcfA; EC 7.-.-.- (characterized, see rationale) | 31% | 92% | 123.6 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-maltose catabolism | malK_Sm | lo | MalK, component of Maltose/Maltotriose/maltodextrin (up to 7 glucose units) transporters MalXFGK (MsmK (3.A.1.1.28) can probably substitute for MalK; Webb et al., 2008) (characterized) | 30% | 89% | 123.2 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
trehalose catabolism | malK | lo | MalK, component of Maltose/Maltotriose/maltodextrin (up to 7 glucose units) transporters MalXFGK (MsmK (3.A.1.1.28) can probably substitute for MalK; Webb et al., 2008) (characterized) | 30% | 89% | 123.2 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
D-cellobiose catabolism | TM0027 | lo | TM0027, component of β-glucoside porter (Conners et al., 2005). Binds cellobiose, laminaribiose (Nanavati et al. 2006). Regulated by cellobiose-responsive repressor BglR (characterized) | 35% | 86% | 119.4 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
glycerol catabolism | glpT | lo | ABC transporter for Glycerol, ATPase component 2 (characterized) | 32% | 61% | 114 | Choline transport ATP-binding protein OpuBA | 44% | 237.7 |
This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know