GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

putrescine catabolism in Bacillus altitudinis 41KF2b

Best path

puuP, patA, patD, gabT, gabD

Rules

Overview: Putrescine degradation in GapMind is based on MetaCyc pathways putrescine degradation I via putrescine aminotransferase (link), pathway II with glutamylated intermediates (link), pathway IV via putrescine oxidase (link), or pathway V via putrescine:pyruvate aminotransferase (link). Pathway III is not reported in prokaryotes, so it is not included in GapMind.

18 steps (9 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
puuP putrescine:H+ symporter PuuP/PlaP BA79_RS13110
patA putrescine aminotransferase (PatA/SpuC) BA79_RS13925 BA79_RS14640
patD gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase BA79_RS04010 BA79_RS13175
gabT gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase BA79_RS15810 BA79_RS13925
gabD succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase BA79_RS15800 BA79_RS13175
Alternative steps:
POT1 putrescine:H+ symporter POT1
potA putrescine ABC transporter, ATPase component (PotA/PotG) BA79_RS12885 BA79_RS14110
potB putrescine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (PotB/PotH) BA79_RS12890
potC putrescine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (PotC/PotI)
potD putrescine ABC transporter, substrate-binding component (PotD/PotF)
potE putrescine:H+ symporter PotE
puo putrescine oxidase
puuA glutamate-putrescine ligase BA79_RS03375
puuB gamma-glutamylputrescine oxidase
puuC gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase BA79_RS13175 BA79_RS04010
puuD gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase
TPO1 putrescine transporter TPO1
UGA4 putrescine transporter UGA4

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory