Finding step lutA for L-lactate catabolism in Erythrobacter gangjinensis K7-2
No candidates for lutA: L-lactate dehydrogenase, LutA subunit
GapMind classifies a step as low confidence even if it does not find any candidates. You can still try to find candidates by using Curated BLAST (which searches the 6-frame translation) or by text search of the annotations (which may indicate weak homology, under 30% identity or 50% coverage, that GapMind does not consider). See the links below.
Definition of step lutA
- Curated sequence O07020: Lactate utilization protein A
- Curated sequence Q81GA5: Lactate utilization protein A
- UniProt sequence A0A0C4YIN5: SubName: Full=Putative L-lactate dehydrogenase, Fe-S oxidoreductase subunit YkgE {ECO:0000313|EMBL:AJG21694.1};
- UniProt sequence E4PLR5: SubName: Full=Uncharacterized protein {ECO:0000313|EMBL:ADP99852.1};
- Comment: A three-component L-lactate dehydrogenase LutABC was described in Bacillus subtilis (PMC3347220, PMC2668416). Although LutABC does not seem to have been studied biochemically, it is required for L-lactate utilization, and induced during growth on L-lactate, and is distantly related to lldEFG. The related system from B. cereus has also been studied. Based on fitness data, similar systems were identified in Cupriavidus basilensis FW507-4G11 (lutA = RR42_RS21295; lutB = RR42_RS21285; lutC = RR42_RS21290) and Marinobacter adhaerens HP15 (lutA = HP15_4088, lutB = HP15_4089, lutC = HP15_4090).
Or cluster all characterized lutA proteins
This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
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About GapMind
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:
- ublast finds a hit to a characterized protein at above 40% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits+10.
- (Hits to curated proteins without experimental data as to their function are never considered high confidence.)
- HMMer finds a hit with 80% coverage of the model, and either other identity < 40 or other coverage < 0.75.
where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").
Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:
- ublast finds a hit at above 40% identity and 70% coverage (ignoring otherBits).
- ublast finds a hit at above 30% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits.
- HMMer finds a hit (regardless of coverage or other bits).
Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
- our ignorance of proteins' functions,
- omissions in the gene models,
- frame-shift errors in the genome sequence, or
- the organism lacks the pathway.
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
For more information, see:
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know
by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory