Finding step malE for D-maltose catabolism in Pandoraea thiooxydans ATSB16
No candidates for malE: maltose ABC transporter, substrate-binding component MalE
GapMind classifies a step as low confidence even if it does not find any candidates. You can still try to find candidates by using Curated BLAST (which searches the 6-frame translation) or by text search of the annotations (which may indicate weak homology, under 30% identity or 50% coverage, that GapMind does not consider). See the links below.
Definition of step malE
- Curated sequence P0AEX9: ABC-type maltose transporter (subunit 1/4) (EC 7.5.2.1). maltose-binding periplasmic protein. Maltose/maltodextrin-binding periplasmic protein; MMBP; Maltodextrin-binding protein; Maltose-binding protein; MBP. Maltose-binding periplasmic protein MalE aka B4034, component of Maltooligosaccharide porter. The 3-D structure has been reported by Oldham et al. (2007). An altering access mechanism has been suggested for the maltose transporter resulting from rigid-body rotations (Khare et al., 2009). Bordignon et al. (2010) and Schneider et al. (2012) have reviewed the extensive knowledge available on MalEFGK2, its mode of action and its regulatory interactions. maltose ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein (EC 7.5.2.1). maltose ABC transporter periplasmic binding protein (EC 7.5.2.1)
- Curated sequence BWI76_RS01830: Maltose-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.19)
- Curated sequence GFF849: Maltose-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.19)
- Comment: E. coli has malEFGK. In Salmonella typhimurium, malK only is listed. Related systems are found in Klebsiella michiganensis and Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2.
Or cluster all characterized malE proteins
This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.
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About GapMind
Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using
ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST)
against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using
HMMer with enzyme models (usually from
TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.
A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:
- ublast finds a hit to a characterized protein at above 40% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits+10.
- (Hits to curated proteins without experimental data as to their function are never considered high confidence.)
- HMMer finds a hit with 80% coverage of the model, and either other identity < 40 or other coverage < 0.75.
where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").
Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:
- ublast finds a hit at above 40% identity and 70% coverage (ignoring otherBits).
- ublast finds a hit at above 30% identity and 80% coverage, and bits >= other bits.
- HMMer finds a hit (regardless of coverage or other bits).
Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."
Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps."
For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways.
For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete
high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and
there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time.
Gaps may be due to:
- our ignorance of proteins' functions,
- omissions in the gene models,
- frame-shift errors in the genome sequence, or
- the organism lacks the pathway.
GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).
For more information, see:
If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know
by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory