GapMind for catabolism of small carbon sources

 

L-arginine catabolism in Mucilaginibacter mallensis MP1X4

Best path

rocE, rocF, rocD, PRO3, put1, putA

Rules

Overview: Arginine utilization in GapMind is based on MetaCyc pathways L-arginine degradation I via arginase (link); II via arginine succinyltransferase (link), III via arginine decarboxylase and agmatinase (link), IV via arginine decarboxylase and agmatine deiminase (link), V via arginine deiminase (link), VI (arginase 2, link), VII (arginase 3, link), VIII via arginase oxidase (link), IX via arginine:pyruvate transaminase (link), X via arginine monooxygenase (link), XIII via proline (link), and XIV via D-ornithine (link). Common intermediates are L-ornithine or L-proline. GapMind does not include pathways XI (link), which is poorly understood, or XII (link), which is not reported in prokaryotes.

71 steps (29 with candidates)

Or see definitions of steps

Step Description Best candidate 2nd candidate
rocE L-arginine permease
rocF arginase
rocD ornithine aminotransferase BLU33_RS14040 BLU33_RS14060
PRO3 pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase BLU33_RS14315
put1 proline dehydrogenase BLU33_RS06435
putA L-glutamate 5-semialdeyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS16670 BLU33_RS14055
Alternative steps:
AAP3 L-arginine transporter AAP3
adiA arginine decarboxylase (AdiA/SpeA)
aguA agmatine deiminase BLU33_RS04165
aguB N-carbamoylputrescine hydrolase BLU33_RS04175
arcA arginine deiminase BLU33_RS11470
arcB ornithine carbamoyltransferase BLU33_RS04445 BLU33_RS14285
arcC carbamate kinase
arg-monooxygenase arginine 2-monooxygenase
aroD L-arginine oxidase
artJ L-arginine ABC transporter, periplasmic substrate-binding component ArtJ/HisJ/ArtI/AotJ/ArgT
artM L-arginine ABC transporter, permease component 1 (ArtM/HisM/AotM)
artP L-arginine ABC transporter, ATPase component ArtP/HisP/AotP/BgtA BLU33_RS19840 BLU33_RS00530
artQ L-arginine ABC transporter, permease component 2 (ArtQ/HisQ/AotQ)
aruF ornithine/arginine N-succinyltransferase subunit AruAI (AruF)
aruG ornithine/arginine N-succinyltransferase subunit AruAII (AruG)
aruH L-arginine:pyruvate transaminase BLU33_RS14885
aruI 2-ketoarginine decarboxylase
astA arginine N-succinyltransferase
astB N-succinylarginine dihydrolase
astC succinylornithine transaminase BLU33_RS05520 BLU33_RS14040
astD succinylglutamate semialdehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS06915 BLU33_RS14055
astE succinylglutamate desuccinylase
atoB acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase BLU33_RS09250 BLU33_RS24945
bgtB L-arginine ABC transporter, fused substrate-binding and permease components (BgtB/BgtAB)
braC ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, substrate-binding component BraC
braD ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 1 (BraD)
braE ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, permease component 2 (BraE)
braF ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, ATPase component 1 (BraF)
braG ABC transporter for glutamate, histidine, arginine, and other amino acids, ATPase component 2 (BraG) BLU33_RS15970 BLU33_RS11360
Can1 L-arginine transporter Can1
CAT1 L-arginine transporter CAT1 BLU33_RS17855
davD glutarate semialdehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS14055 BLU33_RS06915
davT 5-aminovalerate aminotransferase BLU33_RS14040 BLU33_RS14060
ech (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase BLU33_RS22635
fadB (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydrogenase BLU33_RS00005 BLU33_RS11455
gabD succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS14065 BLU33_RS14055
gabT gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase BLU33_RS14040 BLU33_RS14060
gbamidase guanidinobutyramidase
gbuA guanidinobutyrase
gcdG succinyl-CoA:glutarate CoA-transferase
gcdH glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase BLU33_RS08585 BLU33_RS24850
glaH glutarate 2-hydroxylase, succinate-releasing (GlaH or CsiD)
kauB 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS06915 BLU33_RS14055
lhgD L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase or oxidase (LhgD or LhgO)
ocd ornithine cyclodeaminase
odc L-ornithine decarboxylase
oraE D-ornithine 4,5-aminomutase, beta (E) subunit
oraS D-ornithine 4,5-aminomutase, alpha (S) subunit
ord 2,4-diaminopentanoate dehydrogenase
orr ornithine racemase
ortA 2-amino-4-oxopentanoate thiolase, alpha subunit
ortB 2-amino-4-oxopentanoate thiolase, beta subunit
patA putrescine aminotransferase (PatA/SpuC) BLU33_RS05520 BLU33_RS14040
patD gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS06915 BLU33_RS14055
prdA D-proline reductase, prdA component
prdB D-proline reductase, prdB component
prdC D-proline reductase, electron transfer component PrdC
prdF proline racemase BLU33_RS02875
puo putrescine oxidase
puuA glutamate-putrescine ligase BLU33_RS12210
puuB gamma-glutamylputrescine oxidase
puuC gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase BLU33_RS06915 BLU33_RS14055
puuD gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase
rocA 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase BLU33_RS16670 BLU33_RS14055
speB agmatinase

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
transporter – transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging.

This GapMind analysis is from Sep 24 2021. The underlying query database was built on Sep 17 2021.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory