PaperBLAST – Find papers about a protein or its homologs

 

PaperBLAST

PaperBLAST Hits for NP_001273965.1 uncharacterized protein KIAA1958 isoform a (Homo sapiens) (744 a.a., MEDCLHTSSE...)

Other sequence analysis tools:

Find functional residues: SitesBLAST

Search for conserved domains

Find the best match in UniProt

Compare to protein structures

Predict transmenbrane helices: Phobius

Predict protein localization: PSORTb

Find homologs in fast.genomics

Fitness BLAST: loading...

Found 18 similar proteins in the literature:

NP_001273965 uncharacterized protein KIAA1958 isoform a from Homo sapiens
100% identity, 100% coverage

Q8N8K9 Uncharacterized protein KIAA1958 from Homo sapiens
96% identity, 100% coverage

NP_001120376 uncharacterized protein LOC100145450 from Xenopus tropicalis
24% identity, 44% coverage

XP_002125964 uncharacterized protein LOC100186276 from Ciona intestinalis
23% identity, 30% coverage

NP_001263010 without children, isoform E from Drosophila melanogaster
23% identity, 15% coverage

XP_036017934 zinc finger MYM-type protein 3 isoform X4 from Mus musculus
23% identity, 11% coverage

ZMYM3_MOUSE / Q9JLM4 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 3; DXHXS6673E protein; Zinc finger protein 261 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
22% identity, 12% coverage

ZMYM3_HUMAN / Q14202 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 3; Zinc finger protein 261 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 5 papers)
22% identity, 12% coverage

XP_047298589 zinc finger MYM-type protein 3 isoform X2 from Homo sapiens
22% identity, 12% coverage

XP_026564670 zinc finger MYM-type protein 2 isoform X1 from Pseudonaja textilis
22% identity, 12% coverage

ZMYM2_HUMAN / Q9UBW7 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 2; Fused in myeloproliferative disorders protein; Rearranged in atypical myeloproliferative disorder protein; Zinc finger protein 198 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 3 papers)
19% identity, 19% coverage

XP_011243522 zinc finger MYM-type protein 2 isoform X1 from Mus musculus
20% identity, 18% coverage

ZMYM2_MOUSE / Q9CU65 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 2; Zinc finger protein 198 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
20% identity, 19% coverage

F1MNA8 Zinc finger MYM-type containing 2 from Bos taurus
22% identity, 12% coverage

ZMYM4_HUMAN / Q5VZL5 Zinc finger MYM-type protein 4; Zinc finger protein 262 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 2 papers)
24% identity, 10% coverage

ZN276_HUMAN / Q8N554 Zinc finger protein 276; Zfp-276; Zinc finger protein 477 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see paper)
29% identity, 13% coverage

ZN276_MOUSE / Q8CE64 Zinc finger protein 276; Zfp-276 from Mus musculus (Mouse) (see paper)
NP_065243 zinc finger protein 276 from Mus musculus
35% identity, 9% coverage

QRIC1_HUMAN / Q2TAL8 Transcriptional regulator QRICH1; Glutamine-rich protein 1 from Homo sapiens (Human) (see 4 papers)
NP_001307513 transcriptional regulator QRICH1 from Homo sapiens
22% identity, 34% coverage

New Search

For advice on how to use these tools together, see Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Statistics

The PaperBLAST database links 789,361 different protein sequences to 1,256,019 scientific articles. Searches against EuropePMC were last performed on January 10 2025.

How It Works

PaperBLAST builds a database of protein sequences that are linked to scientific articles. These links come from automated text searches against the articles in EuropePMC and from manually-curated information from GeneRIF, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, BRENDA, CAZy (as made available by dbCAN), BioLiP, CharProtDB, MetaCyc, EcoCyc, TCDB, REBASE, the Fitness Browser, and a subset of the European Nucleotide Archive with the /experiment tag. Given this database and a protein sequence query, PaperBLAST uses protein-protein BLAST to find similar sequences with E < 0.001.

To build the database, we query EuropePMC with locus tags, with RefSeq protein identifiers, and with UniProt accessions. We obtain the locus tags from RefSeq or from MicrobesOnline. We use queries of the form "locus_tag AND genus_name" to try to ensure that the paper is actually discussing that gene. Because EuropePMC indexes most recent biomedical papers, even if they are not open access, some of the links may be to papers that you cannot read or that our computers cannot read. We query each of these identifiers that appears in the open access part of EuropePMC, as well as every locus tag that appears in the 500 most-referenced genomes, so that a gene may appear in the PaperBLAST results even though none of the papers that mention it are open access. We also incorporate text-mined links from EuropePMC that link open access articles to UniProt or RefSeq identifiers. (This yields some additional links because EuropePMC uses different heuristics for their text mining than we do.)

For every article that mentions a locus tag, a RefSeq protein identifier, or a UniProt accession, we try to select one or two snippets of text that refer to the protein. If we cannot get access to the full text, we try to select a snippet from the abstract, but unfortunately, unique identifiers such as locus tags are rarely provided in abstracts.

PaperBLAST also incorporates manually-curated protein functions:

Except for GeneRIF and ENA, the curated entries include a short curated description of the protein's function. For entries from BioLiP, the protein's function may not be known beyond binding to the ligand. Many of these entries also link to articles in PubMed.

For more information see the PaperBLAST paper (mSystems 2017) or the code. You can download PaperBLAST's database here.

Changes to PaperBLAST since the paper was written:

Many of these changes are described in Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Secrets

PaperBLAST cannot provide snippets for many of the papers that are published in non-open-access journals. This limitation applies even if the paper is marked as "free" on the publisher's web site and is available in PubmedCentral or EuropePMC. If a journal that you publish in is marked as "secret," please consider publishing elsewhere.

Omissions from the PaperBLAST Database

Many important articles are missing from PaperBLAST, either because the article's full text is not in EuropePMC (as for many older articles), or because the paper does not mention a protein identifier such as a locus tag, or because of PaperBLAST's heuristics. If you notice an article that characterizes a protein's function but is missing from PaperBLAST, please notify the curators at UniProt or add an entry to GeneRIF. Entries in either of these databases will eventually be incorporated into PaperBLAST. Note that to add an entry to UniProt, you will need to find the UniProt identifier for the protein. If the protein is not already in UniProt, you can ask them to create an entry. To add an entry to GeneRIF, you will need an NCBI Gene identifier, but unfortunately many prokaryotic proteins in RefSeq do not have corresponding Gene identifers.

References

PaperBLAST: Text-mining papers for information about homologs.
M. N. Price and A. P. Arkin (2017). mSystems, 10.1128/mSystems.00039-17.

Europe PMC in 2017.
M. Levchenko et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx1005.

Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.
J. A. Mitchell et al (2003). AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003:460-464.

UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
The UniProt Consortium (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1099.

BRENDA in 2017: new perspectives and new tools in BRENDA.
S. Placzek et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw952.

The EcoCyc database: reflecting new knowledge about Escherichia coli K-12.
I. M. Keeseler et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1003.

The MetaCyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.
R. Caspi et al (2018). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx935.

CharProtDB: a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations.
R. Madupu et al (2012). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkr1133.

The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013.
V. Lombard et al (2014). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkt1178.

The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances
M. H. Saier, Jr. et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkv1103.

REBASE - a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes.
R. J. Roberts et al (2015). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gku1046.

Deep annotation of protein function across diverse bacteria from mutant phenotypes.
M. N. Price et al (2016). bioRxiv, 10.1101/072470.

by Morgan Price, Arkin group
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory