PaperBLAST – Find papers about a protein or its homologs

 

PaperBLAST

PaperBLAST Hits for OH686_13630 (78 a.a., MSRVCQVTGK...)

Other sequence analysis tools:

Find functional residues: SitesBLAST

Search for conserved domains

Find the best match in UniProt

Compare to protein structures

Predict transmenbrane helices: Phobius

Predict protein localization: PSORTb

Find homologs in fast.genomics

Fitness BLAST: loading...

Found 69 similar proteins in the literature:

PA5316 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
PA14_70190 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14
92% identity, 99% coverage

8cd1X / Q9HTN8 8cd1X (see paper)
92% identity, 97% coverage

PP_5282 ribosomal protein L28 from Pseudomonas putida KT2440
90% identity, 100% coverage

P0A2A5 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720)
STM3728 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Salmonella typhimurium LT2
SEN3550 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis str. P125109
SENTW_3829 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Weltevreden str.
86% identity, 99% coverage

RpmB / b3637 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Escherichia coli K-12 substr. MG1655 (see 39 papers)
rpmB / P0A7M2 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Escherichia coli (strain K12) (see 35 papers)
RL28_ECOLI / P0A7M2 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28; 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Escherichia coli (strain K12) (see 7 papers)
rpmB / RF|NP_418094 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Escherichia coli K12 (see paper)
NP_418094 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
b3637 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
NP_709416 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Shigella flexneri 2a str. 301
c4461 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Escherichia coli CFT073
Z5061 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 EDL933
ECs4512 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 str. Sakai
BHE81_18145, Z_RS23800 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Klebsiella sp. AqSCr
84% identity, 99% coverage

VP0185 ribosomal protein L28 from Vibrio parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633
81% identity, 100% coverage

8a3lw / P0A7M2 8a3lw (see paper)
84% identity, 97% coverage

8rd8WD / A0A0M4T6Y7 8rd8WD (see paper)
83% identity, 97% coverage

BB3371 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Bordetella bronchiseptica RB50
78% identity, 100% coverage

VC0218 ribosomal protein L28 from Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar eltor str. N16961
79% identity, 100% coverage

HSM_0010 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Haemophilus somnus 2336
HSM_0010 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Histophilus somni 2336
79% identity, 100% coverage

EAMY_0077 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Erwinia amylovora CFBP1430
81% identity, 99% coverage

FTH_0519 ribosomal protein L28 from Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica OSU18
76% identity, 100% coverage

7uvxW 7uvxW (see paper)
AB57_0531 ribosomal protein L28 from Acinetobacter baumannii AB0057
ACIAD0502 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Acinetobacter sp. ADP1
A9801_RS02635 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Acinetobacter baumannii
76% identity, 100% coverage

B7C60_RS05715 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Vibrio fujianensis
78% identity, 100% coverage

HI0951 ribosomal protein L28 (rpL28) from Haemophilus influenzae Rd KW20
78% identity, 100% coverage

A1JHR2 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:8 / biotype 1B (strain NCTC 13174 / 8081)
79% identity, 99% coverage

BTH_I0780 ribosomal protein L28, putative from Burkholderia thailandensis E264
BCAL2714 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Burkholderia cenocepacia J2315
bglu_1g28680 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Burkholderia glumae BGR1
BPSL0916, bgla_1g32050 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Burkholderia multivorans
78% identity, 97% coverage

Bphyt_3149 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN
76% identity, 97% coverage

Rmet_2870 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34
75% identity, 97% coverage

NGO1680 RpmB from Neisseria gonorrhoeae FA 1090
Q5F682 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090)
76% identity, 97% coverage

lpg0479 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila str. Philadelphia 1
72% identity, 100% coverage

XC_4123 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris str. 8004
76% identity, 100% coverage

PD0488 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Xylella fastidiosa Temecula1
76% identity, 100% coverage

MSMEG_6068 ribosomal protein L28 from Mycobacterium smegmatis str. MC2 155
55% identity, 100% coverage

SCO3429 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)
46% identity, 100% coverage

TW113, TWT113 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Tropheryma whipplei str. Twist
51% identity, 100% coverage

RSP_2016 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1
49% identity, 75% coverage

AS87_06160 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Riemerella anatipestifer Yb2
52% identity, 83% coverage

Fjoh_4983 ribosomal protein L28 from Flavobacterium johnsoniae UW101
49% identity, 96% coverage

C9Z0W7 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Streptomyces scabiei (strain 87.22)
46% identity, 92% coverage

BT_0916 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482
41% identity, 87% coverage

CJJ81176_0475 ribosomal protein L28 from Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni 81-176
Cj0450c 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni NCTC 11168
55% identity, 79% coverage

YSS_RS02020 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Campylobacter coli RM4661
53% identity, 79% coverage

MAB_0334c 50S ribosomal protein L28-2 from Mycobacterium abscessus ATCC 19977
48% identity, 94% coverage

BMEI0056 LSU ribosomal protein L28P from Brucella melitensis 16M
Q2YR56 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Brucella abortus (strain 2308)
BAB1_2016 Ribosomal protein L28:ATP/GTP-binding site motif A (P-loop) from Brucella melitensis biovar Abortus 2308
52% identity, 70% coverage

SMc00704 PROBABLE 50S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L28 from Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021
52% identity, 71% coverage

7jilX / A0A1B2U1R1 7jilX (see paper)
47% identity, 95% coverage

5mmiY / P82245 Structure of the large subunit of the chloroplast ribosome (see paper)
49% identity, 83% coverage

RK28_SPIOL / P82245 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28c; 50S ribosomal protein L28, chloroplastic; CL28 from Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) (see 2 papers)
49% identity, 44% coverage

MT2118 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551
BCG_2077c ribosomal protein L28 from Mycobacterium bovis BCG str. Pasteur 1173P2
Rv2058c 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
47% identity, 100% coverage

PG1960 ribosomal protein L28 from Porphyromonas gingivalis W83
PGN_1891 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277
F452_RS0102540, HMPREF1322_RS07695 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Porphyromonas gulae DSM 15663
45% identity, 95% coverage

P30956 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28c from Nicotiana tabacum
46% identity, 43% coverage

RPA0493 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009
49% identity, 73% coverage

4v61BY 4v61BY (see paper)
46% identity, 83% coverage

CCNA_00699 LSU ribosomal protein L28P from Caulobacter crescentus NA1000
46% identity, 79% coverage

RK28_ARATH / O22795 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28c; 50S ribosomal protein L28, chloroplastic; CL28 from Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) (see paper)
AT2G33450 50S ribosomal protein L28, chloroplast (CL28) from Arabidopsis thaliana
46% identity, 45% coverage

CT086 L28 Ribosomal Protein from Chlamydia trachomatis D/UW-3/CX
32% identity, 84% coverage

H375_5310 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Rickettsia prowazekii str. Breinl
48% identity, 65% coverage

Q5FFP1 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Ehrlichia ruminantium (strain Gardel)
ERGA_CDS_05500 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Ehrlichia ruminantium str. Gardel
41% identity, 74% coverage

RT0038 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Rickettsia typhi str. wilmington
46% identity, 65% coverage

B0JLJ8 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Microcystis aeruginosa (strain NIES-843 / IAM M-2473)
39% identity, 91% coverage

ssr1604 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
39% identity, 90% coverage

HP0491 ribosomal protein L28 (rpL28) from Helicobacter pylori 26695
43% identity, 78% coverage

YP_003057592 50S ribosomal subunit protein L28 from Helicobacter pylori B38
43% identity, 78% coverage

K9TX05 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Chroococcidiopsis thermalis (strain PCC 7203)
34% identity, 90% coverage

A8HWS8 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28c from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
34% identity, 35% coverage

BL0330 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Bifidobacterium longum NCC2705
46% identity, 73% coverage

Rv0105c PROBABLE 50S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L28-1 RPMB1 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
MT0114 ribosomal protein L28 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551
44% identity, 63% coverage

RM24_NEUCR / Q7SC44 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28m from Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) (see 2 papers)
52% identity, 18% coverage

6yweS structure of the mitoribosome from Neurospora crassa in the P/E tRNA bound state (see paper)
52% identity, 27% coverage

8fmwAZ / O51325 8fmwAZ (see paper)
34% identity, 76% coverage

AMUC_RS06345 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Akkermansia muciniphila
33% identity, 72% coverage

Q72CS2 Large ribosomal subunit protein bL28 from Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris (strain ATCC 29579 / DSM 644 / CCUG 34227 / NCIMB 8303 / VKM B-1760 / Hildenborough)
52% identity, 54% coverage

GALLO_RS01760 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus gallolyticus UCN34
59% identity, 44% coverage

5mrcS / P36525 of the yeast mitochondrial ribosome - Class A (see paper)
35% identity, 32% coverage

STACADC2_1717, STER_RS09470 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus thermophilus
59% identity, 44% coverage

SPy1888 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus pyogenes M1 GAS
45% identity, 60% coverage

spr0398 50S Ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6
SP_0441 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4
SM12261_RS08265 50S ribosomal protein L28 from Streptococcus mitis NCTC 12261
56% identity, 44% coverage

New Search

For advice on how to use these tools together, see Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Statistics

The PaperBLAST database links 793,807 different protein sequences to 1,259,118 scientific articles. Searches against EuropePMC were last performed on March 13 2025.

How It Works

PaperBLAST builds a database of protein sequences that are linked to scientific articles. These links come from automated text searches against the articles in EuropePMC and from manually-curated information from GeneRIF, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, BRENDA, CAZy (as made available by dbCAN), BioLiP, CharProtDB, MetaCyc, EcoCyc, TCDB, REBASE, the Fitness Browser, and a subset of the European Nucleotide Archive with the /experiment tag. Given this database and a protein sequence query, PaperBLAST uses protein-protein BLAST to find similar sequences with E < 0.001.

To build the database, we query EuropePMC with locus tags, with RefSeq protein identifiers, and with UniProt accessions. We obtain the locus tags from RefSeq or from MicrobesOnline. We use queries of the form "locus_tag AND genus_name" to try to ensure that the paper is actually discussing that gene. Because EuropePMC indexes most recent biomedical papers, even if they are not open access, some of the links may be to papers that you cannot read or that our computers cannot read. We query each of these identifiers that appears in the open access part of EuropePMC, as well as every locus tag that appears in the 500 most-referenced genomes, so that a gene may appear in the PaperBLAST results even though none of the papers that mention it are open access. We also incorporate text-mined links from EuropePMC that link open access articles to UniProt or RefSeq identifiers. (This yields some additional links because EuropePMC uses different heuristics for their text mining than we do.)

For every article that mentions a locus tag, a RefSeq protein identifier, or a UniProt accession, we try to select one or two snippets of text that refer to the protein. If we cannot get access to the full text, we try to select a snippet from the abstract, but unfortunately, unique identifiers such as locus tags are rarely provided in abstracts.

PaperBLAST also incorporates manually-curated protein functions:

Except for GeneRIF and ENA, the curated entries include a short curated description of the protein's function. For entries from BioLiP, the protein's function may not be known beyond binding to the ligand. Many of these entries also link to articles in PubMed.

For more information see the PaperBLAST paper (mSystems 2017) or the code. You can download PaperBLAST's database here.

Changes to PaperBLAST since the paper was written:

Many of these changes are described in Interactive tools for functional annotation of bacterial genomes.

Secrets

PaperBLAST cannot provide snippets for many of the papers that are published in non-open-access journals. This limitation applies even if the paper is marked as "free" on the publisher's web site and is available in PubmedCentral or EuropePMC. If a journal that you publish in is marked as "secret," please consider publishing elsewhere.

Omissions from the PaperBLAST Database

Many important articles are missing from PaperBLAST, either because the article's full text is not in EuropePMC (as for many older articles), or because the paper does not mention a protein identifier such as a locus tag, or because of PaperBLAST's heuristics. If you notice an article that characterizes a protein's function but is missing from PaperBLAST, please notify the curators at UniProt or add an entry to GeneRIF. Entries in either of these databases will eventually be incorporated into PaperBLAST. Note that to add an entry to UniProt, you will need to find the UniProt identifier for the protein. If the protein is not already in UniProt, you can ask them to create an entry. To add an entry to GeneRIF, you will need an NCBI Gene identifier, but unfortunately many prokaryotic proteins in RefSeq do not have corresponding Gene identifers.

References

PaperBLAST: Text-mining papers for information about homologs.
M. N. Price and A. P. Arkin (2017). mSystems, 10.1128/mSystems.00039-17.

Europe PMC in 2017.
M. Levchenko et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx1005.

Gene indexing: characterization and analysis of NLM's GeneRIFs.
J. A. Mitchell et al (2003). AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2003:460-464.

UniProt: the universal protein knowledgebase.
The UniProt Consortium (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1099.

BRENDA in 2017: new perspectives and new tools in BRENDA.
S. Placzek et al (2017). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw952.

The EcoCyc database: reflecting new knowledge about Escherichia coli K-12.
I. M. Keeseler et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkw1003.

The MetaCyc database of metabolic pathways and enzymes.
R. Caspi et al (2018). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkx935.

CharProtDB: a database of experimentally characterized protein annotations.
R. Madupu et al (2012). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkr1133.

The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013.
V. Lombard et al (2014). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkt1178.

The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances
M. H. Saier, Jr. et al (2016). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gkv1103.

REBASE - a database for DNA restriction and modification: enzymes, genes and genomes.
R. J. Roberts et al (2015). Nucleic Acids Research, 10.1093/nar/gku1046.

Deep annotation of protein function across diverse bacteria from mutant phenotypes.
M. N. Price et al (2016). bioRxiv, 10.1101/072470.

by Morgan Price, Arkin group
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory