GapMind for Amino acid biosynthesis

 

L-glutamine biosynthesis

Analysis of pathway gln in 206 genomes

Genome Best path
Acidimicrobium ferrooxidans DSM 10331 glnA
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 glnA
Acidovorax sp. GW101-3H11 glnA
Algiphilus aromaticivorans DG1253 glnA
Alicycliphilus denitrificans K601 glnA
Alkalihalobacterium alkalinitrilicum DSM 22532 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180 glnA
Ammonifex degensii KC4 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Anaerobutyricum hallii DSM 3353 glnA
Aquimarina longa SW024 glnA
Archaeoglobus veneficus SNP6 glnA
Arcobacter nitrofigilis DSM 7299 glnA
Azoarcus olearius BH72 glnA
Azohydromonas australica DSM 1124 glnA
Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS 571 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Azospirillum sp. B510 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 glnA
Beijerinckia indica subsp. indica ATCC 9039 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Beijerinckia mobilis UQM 1969 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Bradyrhizobium sp. BTAi1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Brevundimonas sp. GW460-12-10-14-LB2 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN glnA
Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4 glnA
Calditerrivibrio nitroreducens DSM 19672 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Caminibacter mediatlanticus TB-2 glnA
Carboxydothermus pertinax Ug1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Caulobacter crescentus NA1000 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Cereibacter sphaeroides ATCC 17029 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Chlorobaculum parvum NCIB 8327 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Chlorobaculum tepidum TLS gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Chlorobium limicola DSM 245 glnA
Chlorobium phaeobacteroides BS1 glnA
Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 glnA
Clostridium kluyveri DSM 555 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Clostridium tyrobutyricum FAM22553 glnA
Crocosphaera subtropica ATCC 51142 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Cupriavidus basilensis FW507-4G11 glnA
Dechloromonas agitata is5 glnA
Dechlorosoma suillum PS glnA
Dehalococcoides mccartyi 195 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Denitrovibrio acetiphilus DSM 12809 glnA
Derxia gummosa DSM 723 glnA
Desulfacinum hydrothermale DSM 13146 glnA
Desulfacinum infernum DSM 9756 glnA
Desulfarculus baarsii DSM 2075 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfatibacillum aliphaticivorans DSM 15576 glnA
Desulfatiglans anilini DSM 4660 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfobacca acetoxidans DSM 11109 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfobacter vibrioformis DSM 8776 glnA
Desulfogranum mediterraneum DSM 13871 glnA
Desulforamulus ruminis DSM 2154 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfoscipio geothermicus DSM 3669 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfotalea psychrophila LSv54 glnA
Desulfovibrio oxyclinae DSM 11498 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough JW710 glnA
Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F glnA
Desulfurobacterium atlanticum DSM 15668 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Desulfuromonas acetexigens DSM 1397 glnA
Desulfuromusa kysingii DSM 7343 glnA
Dinoroseobacter shibae DFL-12 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Dyella japonica UNC79MFTsu3.2 glnA
Echinicola vietnamensis KMM 6221, DSM 17526 glnA
Escherichia coli BW25113 glnA
Ferroglobus placidus DSM 10642 glnA
Frankia alni ACN14a glnA
Geobacter metallireducens GS-15 glnA
Geotalea uraniireducens Rf4 glnA
Halococcus hamelinensis 100A6 glnA
Haloechinothrix alba DSM 45207 glnA
Haloferax volcanii DS2 glnA
Haloglycomyces albus DSM 45210 glnA
Halomonas desiderata SP1 glnA
Halorhodospira halophila SL1 glnA
Heliomicrobium modesticaldum Ice1 Ice1; ATCC 51547 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Herbaspirillum autotrophicum IAM 14942 glnA
Herbaspirillum seropedicae SmR1 glnA
Hippea alviniae EP5-r glnA
Hydrogenophaga taeniospiralis CCUG 15921 NBRC 102512 glnA
Hydrogenovibrio halophilus DSM 15072 glnA
Hydrogenovibrio kuenenii DSM 12350 glnA
Hydrogenovibrio marinus DSM 11271 glnA
Hyphomicrobium sulfonivorans WDL6 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Klebsiella michiganensis M5al glnA
Klebsiella variicola At-22 glnA
Kyrpidia tusciae DSM 2912 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Leptospirillum ferrooxidans C2-3 glnA
Lysobacter soli OAE881 glnA
Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Malonomonas rubra DSM 5091 glnA
Maridesulfovibrio bastinii DSM 16055 glnA
Maridesulfovibrio zosterae DSM 11974 glnA
Marinobacter adhaerens HP15 glnA
Mesorhizobium ciceri biovar biserrulae WSM1271 glnA
Methanobacterium lacus AL-21 glnA
Methanococcus aeolicus Nankai-3 glnA
Methanococcus maripaludis C5 glnA
Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A glnA
Methanosarcina mazei Go1 glnA
Methanospirillum lacunae Ki8-1 glnA
Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus str. Delta H glnA
Methylobacterium nodulans ORS 2060 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylobacterium sp. 4-46 Apr-46 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylocapsa acidiphila B2 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylocapsa aurea KYG gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylocella silvestris BL2 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylococcus capsulatus str. Bath glnA
Methylocystis bryophila S285 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methyloferula stellata AR4 AR4T gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Methylohalobius crimeensis 10Ki glnA
Methylomonas methanica MC09 glnA
Methylosarcina fibrata AML-C10 glnA
Methylotuvimicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z glnA
Methylovulum miyakonense HT12 glnA
Mucilaginibacter yixingensis DSM 26809 glnA
Mycolicibacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 glnA
Nitratifractor salsuginis DSM 16511 glnA
Nitratiruptor tergarcus DSM 16512 glnA
Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus DSM 45188 glnA
Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 glnA
Nocardioides dokdonensis FR1436 glnA
Nocardiopsis lucentensis DSM 44048 glnA
Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102 ATCC 29133; PCC 73102 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Novosphingobium aromaticivorans DSM 12444 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Oleispira antarctica RB-8 glnA
Paraburkholderia atlantica CCGE1002 glnA
Paraburkholderia bryophila 376MFSha3.1 glnA
Paraburkholderia phymatum STM815 glnA
Paucidesulfovibrio gracilis DSM 16080 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Pedobacter sp. GW460-11-11-14-LB5 glnA
Pelobacter propionicus DSM 2379 glnA
Persephonella marina EX-H1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Phaeacidiphilus oryzae TH49 glnA
Phaeobacter inhibens BS107 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Polaromonas naphthalenivorans CJ2 glnA
Prosthecochloris aestuarii DSM 271 glnA
Pseudarthrobacter sulfonivorans Ar51 glnA
Pseudomonas benzenivorans DSM 8628 glnA
Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N1B4 glnA
Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N2C3 glnA
Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N2E2 glnA
Pseudomonas fluorescens FW300-N2E3 glnA
Pseudomonas fluorescens GW456-L13 glnA
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 glnA
Pseudomonas simiae WCS417 glnA
Pseudomonas stutzeri RCH2 glnA
Pyrolobus fumarii 1A glnA
Rhizobium etli CFN 42 glnA
Rhizobium johnstonii 3841 glnA
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM1325 glnA
Rhizorhabdus wittichii RW1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Rhodanobacter denitrificans FW104-10B01 glnA
Rhodomicrobium vannielii ATCC 17100 glnA
Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Rhodospirillum centenum SW SW; ATCC 51521 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Rhodospirillum rubrum ATCC 11170 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Roseburia faecis M72 glnA
Saccharomonospora cyanea NA-134 glnA
Sedimenticola selenatireducens DSM 17993 glnA
Shewanella amazonensis SB2B glnA
Shewanella loihica PV-4 glnA
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 glnA
Shewanella sp. ANA-3 glnA
Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 glnA
Sinorhizobium medicae WSM419 glnA
Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 glnA
Sphingomonas koreensis DSMZ 15582 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Stenotrophomonas chelatiphaga DSM 21508 glnA
Steroidobacter denitrificans DSM 18526 glnA
Stutzerimonas stutzeri A1501 glnA
Sulfuricurvum kujiense DSM 16994 glnA
Sulfurihydrogenibium azorense Az-Fu1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Sulfurihydrogenibium subterraneum DSM 15120 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Sulfurimonas denitrificans DSM 1251 glnA
Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans sk43H DSM 22779 glnA
Sulfurivirga caldicuralii DSM 17737 glnA
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Teredinibacter turnerae T7901 glnA
Thauera aminoaromatica S2 glnA
Thermithiobacillus tepidarius DSM 3134 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Thermoanaerobacter kivui LKT-1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Thermocrinis albus DSM 14484 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Thermodesulforhabdus norvegica DSM 9990 glnA
Thermomonospora curvata DSM 43183 glnA
Thermovibrio ammonificans HB-1 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Thermus aquaticus YT-1 glnA
Thioalkalivibrio denitrificans ALJD glnA
Thioalkalivibrio halophilus HL17 glnA
Thioalkalivibrio paradoxus ARh 1 glnA
Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans ARhD 1 glnA
Thiohalomonas denitrificans HLD2 glnA
Thiohalospira halophila DSM 15071 HL 3 glnA
Thiomicrorhabdus arctica DSM 13458 glnA
Thiomicrorhabdus chilensis DSM 12352 glnA
Thiomicrospira cyclica ALM1 glnA
Thiomicrospira microaerophila ASL8-2 glnA
Thiomicrospira pelophila DSM 1534 glnA
Thiothrix lacustris DSM 21227 glnA
Tistlia consotensis USBA 355 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Trichlorobacter lovleyi SZ glnA
Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 Annotated Metagenome-Assembled Genome gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Trichormus variabilis ATCC 29413 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Xanthobacter autotrophicus Py2 gltX, glnA, gatA, gatB, gatC
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris strain 8004 glnA
Xenophilus azovorans DSM 13620 glnA

Confidence: high confidence medium confidence low confidence
? – known gap: despite the lack of a good candidate for this step, this organism (or a related organism) performs the pathway

This GapMind analysis is from Jul 25 2024. The underlying query database was built on Jul 25 2024.

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About GapMind

Each pathway is defined by a set of rules based on individual steps or genes. Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam). Ublast hits may be split across two different proteins.

A candidate for a step is "high confidence" if either:

where "other" refers to the best ublast hit to a sequence that is not annotated as performing this step (and is not "ignored").

Otherwise, a candidate is "medium confidence" if either:

Other blast hits with at least 50% coverage are "low confidence."

Steps with no high- or medium-confidence candidates may be considered "gaps." For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. For diverse bacteria and archaea that can utilize a carbon source, there is a complete high-confidence catabolic pathway (including a transporter) just 38% of the time, and there is a complete medium-confidence pathway 63% of the time. Gaps may be due to:

GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. In most cases, you can search the six-frame translation by clicking on links to Curated BLAST for each step definition (in the per-step page).

For more information, see:

If you notice any errors or omissions in the step descriptions, or any questionable results, please let us know

by Morgan Price, Arkin group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory